1. An introduction to evolution
Artificial Selection
An introduction to evolution

2. Question? What is artificial selection?
Where humans select organisms with certain desired characteristics to breed and produce the next generation.
What types of things do humans artificially select for

3. Artificial Selection in Carrots

4. 4

5. Inbreeding
The continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics.
Often seen in dogs
Helps ensure that the characteristics that make breeds unique will be preserved
Not always a good thing: most members of a breed are genetically similar so there is a chance to pass down bad recessive alleles

6. Artificial selection gone wild
English bulldog
Due to artificial selection for a very large head, almost all need to be born via C-section 6

7. Artificial Selection in Cows
We are going to watch a few clips of artificial selection in cows.
In your notebooks, write down the questions for each clip so that you can answer them as you watch. Biology is the funniest class ever.

9. Clip 1: A Cow’s Digestive System
What role do microbes serve in a cow’s rumen?
Does this clip illustrate naturally or artificially selected attributes?
Why would a cow’s ability to eat grass make it ideal for human domestication?

10. Clip 2: Desirable Breeding Traits in Cattle
How many different breeds of cattle have humans created?
Would the qualities that make good beef cattle help them survive in the wild?
Besides milk and meat production, what other traits might humans wish to breed in cattle?

11. Clip 3: Different Breeds of Cattle
What might indicate that a cattle breed is adapted to cold climates like Scotland?
What do the different breed names refer to?
Why might “adaptability” be a desirable trait in a specific breed?