1. Type A Type B Type AB Type O Blood Types
You are either blood type A, B, AB or O. But did you know that your blood type is determined by microscopic antigens found on your red blood cells?

3. O + 38% All Blood Types O+, A+, B+, AB+ O+, O- O - 7% B + 9% B+, AB+
Percent of Population with your Blood Type
Patients who can receive your platelets
Patients who can receive your Red Blood Cells
Patients who can receive your Plasma
O +
38%
All Blood Types
O+, A+, B+, AB+
O+, O-
O - 7%
B + 9%
B+, AB+
B+, B-, O+, O-
B - 2%
B+, B-, AB+, AB-
A +
34%
A+, AB+
A+, A-, O+, O-
A - 6%
A+, A-, AB+, AB-

4. Universal Donor Universal Recipient
Type O- universal donor
Type AB- universal recipients

5. BLOOD GROUPS AND TRANSFUSIONS
1. Correctly complete the following table concerning the ABO blood groups.
Blood type
Agglutininogens or antigens
Agglutinins or antibodies in plasma
Can donate blood to type
Can receive blood from type
1. Type A A
anti - B
A, AB
A, O
2. Type B B
anti-A
B, AB
B, O
3. Type AB AB
none
A, B, AB, O
4. Type O
anti - A, anti - B O
2. What type is the universal donor? ____TYPE O____
3. The universal recipient?___TYPE AB____
4. When a person is given a transfusion of mismatched blood, a transfusion reaction occurs. Define the term
transfusion reaction: in the blanks below.
____a reaction during which plasma antibodies attach____
___to and lyse red blood cells different from your own___

6. Blood Typing
Antibody- proteins made by lymphocytes in plasma which are made in response to the presence of antigens. They attack foreign antigens, which result in clumping (agglutination)
Your immune system recognizes foreign particles that are not normally in your body as antigens. If an antigen is present, it stimulates your immune system to release antibodies to provide immunity against the specific antigen. There are genetically determined proteins found on the plasma membrane of your red blood cells. These special proteins are antigens - and what we refer to as red blood cell antigens.
Antigen- protein on the surface of a RBC membrane

7. Agglutination
Your body tolerates your own red blood cell antigens, but if your blood were to be transfused into another person with different red blood cell antigens, that person would have some big problems. That other person's antibodies would recognize the transfused red blood cells as foreign and bind to them. If this occurs, it leads to a process called agglutination, where the red blood cells clump together and interfere with blood circulation due to the fact that this clump of cells can clog up small blood vessels in the body.
Transfusion reaction: a reaction during which plasma antibodies attach to and lyse (rupture) red blood cells other than your own.

8. The ABO blood group system is a classification system for blood that depends on the presence or absence of an A or B antigen on the red blood cells. ABO blood groups are determined by the types of antigens you inherited from mom and dad, specifically, type A or type B.

9. agglutinates with both sera)
Blood being tested
Serum
Anti-A
Anti-B
Type AB (contains
agglutinogens A and B;
agglutinates with both
sera)
RBCs
Type A (contains
agglutinogen A;
agglutinates with anti-A)
Type B (contains
agglutinogen B;
agglutinates with anti-B)
Type O (contains no
agglutinogens; does not
agglutinate with either
serum)
Figure 17.16

10. ABO Blood Types b b
Produces anti-B antibodies b
Type A b b b b b

11. ABO Blood Types a a a
Produces anti-A antibodies a
Type B a a a a a a

12. ABO Blood Types
Produces neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
Type AB

13. Type O ABO Blood Types Produces both anti-A and anti-B antibodies b a

14. Rh Factor
Rh factor: The Rh factor is a type of protein on the surface of red blood cells. Most people who have the Rh factor are Rh+ positive. Those who do not have the Rh factor are Rh-negative.
Rh+ 85% dominant in pop
Rh- 15% recessive

15. Rh Factor and Pregnancy
                                                                                                             
RH+ indicates protein
RH+ indicates protein
RH- indicates no protein

16. Rh Factor and Pregnancy
Rh+ mother w/Rh- baby– no problem
Rh- mother w/Rh+ baby– problem
Rh- mother w/Rh- father– no problem
Rh- mother w/Rh- baby-- no problem
RhoGAM 28 weeks