2. Deirdre Brennan1 Metals and non-metals

3. Deirdre Brennan2

4. Investigating the melting properties of metals List of equipment: bunsen burner, nail Heat a piece of metal in a bunsen burner flame. Does the metal melt? What does this tell us about the melting points of metals? Deirdre Brennan3

5. Investigating the shiny properties of metals List of equipment: Magnesium, sandpaper Rub a piece of magnesium metal with some sandpaper. What do you notice? Deirdre Brennan4

6. Investigating the heating conducting properties of metals List of equipment: thumb tack, 3 metal rods, bunsen burner, tripod, vaseline Place a tub tack on apiece of a metal rod. Watch what happens when you heat the rod? What does this tell us about metals? Deirdre Brennan5

7. Investigating the electrical properties of metals List of equipment: 6V battery, bulb, 2 leads, metal, plastic ruler Set up an electrical circuit See page 166 of your textbook. Place a piece of metal in the circuit. What happens to the bulb? Place a piece of plastic in the circuit. What happens to the bulb? Deirdre Brennan6

8. Investigating the sonorous properties of metals List of equipment: tuning fork Tip the side of a tuning fork on the table? What do you notice? What does this tell us about metals? Deirdre Brennan7

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12. Deirdre Brennan11 Investigating reaction of metals with water 5 test tubes Calcium Magnesium Copper Iron Aluminium carbon Universal indicator Wooden splint

13. Deirdre Brennan12 Investigating reaction of metals with water Place metal sample in test tube. Add 5ml of water and 5 drops of universal indicator to test tube Place a stopper on test tube Measure number of bubbles you see in 20 seconds. If there is enough gas coming off test this gas with a lighted splint.

14. Deirdre Brennan13 Result ElementNo of bubbles Calcium Magnesium Iron Copper Aluminium Carbon(control)

15. Deirdre Brennan14 Investigating reaction of metals with HCL 5 test tubes Calcium(white) Magnesium Copper(brown) Aluminium(grey) Carbon(control) Wooden splint Concentrated acid

16. Deirdre Brennan15 Predict what will happen when Mg is added to acid(HCl) Ca is added to acid(HCl) Fe is added to acid(HCl) Al is added to acid(HCl) Cu is added to acid(HCl) C is added to acid(HCl)

17. Deirdre Brennan16 Safety precautions Safety glasses gloves

18. Deirdre Brennan17 Investigating reaction of metals with HCL Place metal sample in test tube. Add 5ml of HCl Place a stopper on test tube Measure number of bubbles you see in 20 seconds. If there is enough gas coming off test this gas with a lighted splint.

19. Deirdre Brennan18 Result ElementNo of bubbles+colour change Calcium Magnesium Iron Copper Aluminium Carbon

20. Deirdre Brennan19 Discussion of results When a metal reacts with an acid, a salt and hydrogen are formed. This is the general word equation for the reaction: metal+ acid salt+ hydrogen

21. Deirdre Brennan20 Alloys AlloyWhat is it made from Use BrassCu + ZnMusical instruments BronzeCu + SnSatues SolderPb + SnSoldering Mild steelFe + CBuildings Stainless steelFe + Cr + NiKnives/forks /sinks

22. Deirdre Brennan21 Is diamond an element? Is Diamond a metal?

23. Deirdre Brennan22 NO!

24. Deirdre Brennan23 Diamond is made from carbon atoms that are bonded in a very rare way! They are only found in nature.

25. Deirdre Brennan24 Where do diamonds come from? The first diamonds were found in ancient times in India. Large diamond deposits were found in Brazil around the 1720's. Huge diamond fields were discovered in Siberia in 1956. In the 1860's, diamonds were found in South Africa. This led to a diamond rush in the Kimberly Fields. Now, most of the world's diamonds come from South Africa.

26. Deirdre Brennan25 How old are diamonds? but did you know a diamond could be the oldest material you might own? While the rock in which diamonds are found may be 50 to 1,600 million years old, the diamonds themselves are approximately 3.3 billion years old. Diamonds also may be formed under the high pressures and temperatures at the site of meteorite impacts.

27. Investigating the conditions that cause “rusting”-Tasks to be carried out We want to place a nail test-tube Half –filled in water We want to place a nail in boiled water under a layer of oil. We want to place a nail air dried and no water We want to place a nail fully in water Deirdre Brennan26

28. List of apparatus 4 nails, Mass balance cotton wool, boiled cooled water, oil 4 Test-tubes Test-tube rack Calcium chloride Deirdre Brennan27

29. Variables Controls Moisture in air Mass of nail Oxygen in water Type of nail is not changing Deirdre Brennan28

30. Method Write about how you set up the experiment We weighed each nail before we started. Deirdre Brennan29

31. Deirdre Brennan30 The only metal that rusts is iron

32. Deirdre Brennan31 Questions What happens to water when it is bolied and cooled? Answer: The dissolved oxygen is removed. What does calcium chloride do? Answer: It soaks up all the moisture in the air.

33. Deirdre Brennan32 Can you predict which test tubes will rust and why? ABCDABCD

34. Conclusions-to be filled in next week Deirdre Brennan33

35. Comments Could we have carried out the experiment any differently? Deirdre Brennan34

36. Deirdre Brennan35 Classwork Page 171 Questions 1 to 11 Questions 12 to 16 Page 172

37. Deirdre Brennan36 We will leave the nails for a week and check our result Do your predictions match the actual result? Write out your observations.