1. Skills: none Concepts: data, information, code, code standardization, encoding text, information and variety This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License. Data + code → information

2. Where does this topic fit? Internet concepts – Applications – Technology – Implications Internet skills – Application development – Content creation – User skills

3. 010101011100101010101010101010111010 101010101010101010101010100101010101 000010110101010101010010101101101010 101010110010110010101010100101110101 001010010101010101010001001010101011 010011010010101010100101101001011100 101010101001010101000101010101010101 010010101001010101001001001001010101 001000101010101110100101001010101010 010101010101001010100100101010010101 001001010101001010100101010100101010 101001010101011110101011100001111011 All data is binary

4. 40 bits of data 0100110001100001011100100111001001111001 What data type is this – image? Video? Audio? Text? These bits are not random – do you see a pattern or clue to a code?

5. 010011000110000101110010 01111001 0100110001100001011100100111001001111001 5 bytes of data Do you see any pattern or regularity now?

6. 010011000110000101110010 01111001 0100110001100001011100100111001001111001 5 bytes of data What can you conclude from these two codes being the same?

7. A code for text data

8. L01001100 a01100001 r01110010 r y01111001 Larry 0100110001100001011100100111001001111001 Data + a code → information

9. 010101011100101010101010101010111010 101010101010101010101010100101010101 000010110101010101010010101101101010 101010110010110010101010100101110101 001010010101010101010001001010101011 010011010010101010100101101001011100 101010101001010101000101010101010101 010010101001010101001001001001010101 001000101010101110100101001010101010 010101010101001010100100101010010101 001001010101001010100101010100101010 101001010101011110101011100001111011 Many bits, no information

10. One bit can convey information 0 = male 1 = female

11. 0 = male 1 = female 1 = male 0 = female Standardization Fail

12. International Organization for Standardization ISO-8859-1

13. Any camera and viewing program JPEG BMP PNG GIF Etc.

14. MY NAME IS LARRY PRESS. My name is Larry Press. Which sentence conveys the most information – one made up of only upper case characters or one made up of upper and lower case characters?

15. Codes before computers Paul Revere’s one-bit message = By land (0) = By sea (1)

16. Encoding text Data typeDecade Numeric1950s Alphanumeric1960s Text1970s Image1990s Speech2000s Music2000s Video2000s HD video2010s

17. Could you devise a code of 1s and 0s to represent this image?

18. Summary Data + a code → information

19. International Organization for Standardization: http://www.iso.org/iso/home.html ISO 8859-1 character standard: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_8859-1 Paul Revere’s 1-bit message: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Revere#The_Midnight_Ride_ of_Paul_Revere Resources

20. 1.What would happen if a program tried to display a page of text that was created by a program using a different code than expected? 2.If you took a picture of your car, could you store that using the ISO 8859-1 character standard? Explain your answer. 3.Write the word Hello using the ISO 8859-1 character standard. a.How many bits did it take? b.How many bytes did it take? c.Would it take more bytes in memory than in storage? 4.At 10 bits per second, how long would it take to transmit Hello from one computer to another? 5.How long would it take at 10 megabits per second? 6.Would the word Hello be encoded the same as the word hello? 7.Would it take longer to transfer the word hello from storage to memory than the word Larry? 8.How many bits long was Paul Revere’s message? Explain your answer. 9.Which contains more information 100 random bits or 1,000 random bits? Explain your answer. Self-study questions

21. Height (inches)70 Weight (pounds)170 Social security number544678793 9. The symbols 0…9 may be used in numeric and text data. Which of these is numeric and which is text?