1. Women in Medicine

2. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about/histo ry/history6.html http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/about/histo ry/history6.html

3. Gertrude Stein http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/hmn/S02/annals.html

4. “…Hopkins was the place for an ambitious female medical student. Started four years before by Baltimore philanthropist Mary Elizabeth Garrett, Hopkins already had garnered acclaim as the country's first coeducational, graduate-level medical school."

5. “By her third year of medical study, as she moved from bench to bedside, Stein's interest in medicine began to wane, a result of increasing wanderlust, a tempestuous love affair with fellow student May Bookstaver and a professed disinterest in clinical rotations— particularly, as she wrote, "the delivering of babies."

6. “Stein's disaffection was clearly reciprocated. One of her Hopkins professors wrote of her medical capabilities: "She could do nothing with her hands, was very untidy and careless in her technique and irritating in her attitude of intellectual superiority." Another faculty member assessed her more succinctly: "Either I am crazy or Miss Stein is." She left medical school in the middle of her fourth year, after failing most of her classes…”

7. Pablo PicassoPablo Picasso, Portrait of Gertrude Stein, 1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.Metropolitan Museum of Art New York City http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/collection_database/modern_art/ge rtrude_stein/objectView.aspx?&OID=210008443&collID=21&vw=0

8. AMA Women Physicians Congress By the beginning of the 20th century, the number of women physicians in the US had increased to more than 7,000, up from about 200 in 1860. Nevertheless, women remained a minority in medicine throughout the 1900s, and the number and percentage of women was up and down... 4% of graduates in 1905 12% in 1949 7% in 1965. http://74.125.93.132/search?q=cache:dA-26J6cWXcJ:www.ama- assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/19/wimmonthpresentation.ppt+women+and+medici ne+powerpoint&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=firefox-a

9. YearTotalMaleFemale 1970334,028 308,627 (92.4%) 25,401 (7.6%) 1980467,679 413,395 (88.4%) 54,284 (11.6%) 1990615,421 511,227 ( 83.1%) 104,194 (16.9%) 2000813,869 618,233 (76%) 195,537 (24%) 2002853,187 638,182 (74.8%) 215,005 (25.2%) 2003871,535 646,493 (74.2%) 225,042 (25.8%) Source: Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the U.S., 2005 Edition and prior editions. American Medical Association. Physicians By Gender (Excludes Students)

10. 1969-701979-801989-902002-2003 Number% % % % Applican t 2,289 9.4 10,22228.310,54639.216,556 49.2 Enrolled3,390 9.0 16,14125.323,51336.230,996 46.7 Graduat e 700 8.4 3,49723.15,22133.46, 978 44.5 Source: Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), Women in Academic Medicine Statistics. July 14, 2003. Women Medical School Applicants

11. Specialty Number of Residents in the Specialty Number (%) that are Female % of all Female Residents Internal Medicine (IM) 21,3518,774(41.1)21% Pediatrics (PD)7,7735,295(68.1)13% Family Practice9,5294,862(51.0)12% Obstetrics and Gynecology 4,6813,483(74.4)9% Psychiatry (P)4,5222,351(52.0)6% General Surgery7,6231,939(25.4)5% Anesthesiology (A)4,7191,284(27.2)3% Radiology Diagnostic 4,0441,085(26.8)2.6% Pathology (PTH)2,2571,113(49.3)2.7% Dermatology (D)994572(57.5)1.4% Source: JAMA, September 1, 2004, Vol 292,No.9,pages 1099-1101. Women Residents by Specialty - 2003

12. The Gender Gap Lowes R. Earnings: Primary care tries to hang on. Medical Economics. September 17, 2004:52- 4, 5, 58, 60-1. Available from: http://www.memag.com.http://www.memag.com Total Compensation MaleFemale% Difference FPs$150,000$130,00015% GPs$120,000$100,00020% Internists$151,000$120,00026% Ob/gyns$227,300$190,00020% Pediatricians$160,000$120,00033% All primary care physicians $160,000$130,00023% All respondents$200,000$130,00054%

13. AMA Women Physicians Congress The number of women physicians continues to rise; 25.2% of US physicians were female by 2002. The percentage of female medical school applicants reached an all time high of 49.2 in the 2002-2003 school year. Does the glass ceiling still exist? Medical School Faculty Men Women Professor 31% 10.7% Associate Professor24.24% 19.3% Assistant Professor35.9% 50.1% Instructor 7.8% 17.5% Other 0.9% 2.4% Association of American Medical Colleges Women in US Academic Medicine Statistics 2000. http://74.125.93.132/search?q=cache:dA-26J6cWXcJ:www.ama- assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/19/wimmonthpresentation.ppt+women+and+medicine +powerpoint&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=firefox-a

14. http://www.drexelmed.edu/Home/OtherProg rams/ExecutiveLeadershipinAcademicMedicin e/AboutELAM.aspx http://www.drexelmed.edu/Home/OtherProg rams/ExecutiveLeadershipinAcademicMedicin e/AboutELAM.aspx

15. http://www.aamc.org/members/gwims/start. htm http://www.aamc.org/members/gwims/start. htm