1. A STUDY OF REVELATION Chapter Two

2. Jerusalem John Exiled

4. Smyrna is today called the city of Izmir, it lies about 35 miles north of Ephesus on the Aegean coast of Turkey. It has an excellent harbour. It had a strong allegiance to Rome and in 195 BC it became the first city in the ancient world to build a temple in honour of Dea Roma (the goddess of Rome). Later in 23 BC, Smyrna won permission to build a temple to the emperor Tiberius. The strong allegiance to Rome plus a large Jewish population which was actively hostile to the Christians made it exceptionally difficult to live as a Christian in Smyrna

5. Some think the present angel or pastor of this church, was Polycarp, the disciple of John. Irenaeus, who knew him, says he was appointed bishop of Smyrna by the apostles. Here he suffered martyrdom, and was buried: the large amphitheatre, in which he was put to death, is still to be seen, and his sepulcher is yet preserved in this place: a very famous epistle, sent by this church at Smyrna to the churches at Pontus gives an account of the martyrdom of Polycarp.

6. Polycarp, the venerable bishop of Smyrna, hearing that persons were seeking for him, escaped, but was discovered by a child. After feasting the guards who apprehended him, he desired an hour in prayer, which being allowed, he prayed with such fervency, that his guards repented that they had been instrumental in taking him. He was, however, carried before the proconsul, condemned, and burnt in the market place. The proconsul then urged him, saying, "Swear, and I will release thee; -- reproach Christ."

7. Polycarp answered, "Eighty and six years have I served him, and he never once wronged me; how then shall I blaspheme my King, Who hath saved me?" At the stake, to which he was only tied, but not nailed as usual, as he assured them he should stand immovable, the flames, on their kindling the fire it encircled his body, like an arch, without touching him, and the executioner, on seeing this, was ordered to pierce him with a sword when so great a quantity of blood flowed out as extinguished the fire. But his body, at the instigation of the enemies of the Gospel, especially Jews, was ordered to be consumed in the pile, and the request of his friends, who wished to give it Christian burial, rejected. They nevertheless collected his bones and as much of his remains as possible, and caused them to be decently interred. —Fox's Book of Martyrs

9. Once again the reference is made to tribulation, Smyrna was a church under heavy persecution and Christ told them it was only going to get worse. They were physically poor but spiritually rich, contrast this with the Laodiceans who thought that they were rich but were poor, 3:17. They had few luxuries and possessions, yet spiritually they were rich in the sight of Christ. Matt 13:45-46

10. There then was a group of Jews dedicated to the destruction of Christianity. They would spread stories about Christians to the Romans. The Romans would then use the stories against the Christians. In their hearts they were evil and held Satan as their leader. There were four main accusations that the "Jews" placed upon the Christians. The first was of being atheists. Because there were no statues or images in their places of worship, their God must not exist.

11. Secondly, the accusation was that Christians were cannibals. It was reported that believers eat the body and drink the blood of their founder. Thirdly, Christians were charged with being unpatriotic. They would not bow to Caesar as a God-like image. Fourth, the ruination of the economy was blamed upon the Christians. People began to be saved causing their visits to the temples of Baal to cease. They no longer paid tribute to the goddess Diana which lead to economic crisis.

12. Jesus assured them that the eternal benefits of Christianity far outweighed there present suffering. He was holding them in His very hand. He commended them to remain faithful no matter what. What great grace must have been given to our suffering brethren. After a person is saved hard times often happen. They are living right and still things are going wrong. There is confusion as to why these seem so difficult. Read Romans 8:35-37

13. These 10 rulers of the persecutions against the Christians are also seen as the 10 horns which the beast of Revelation has upon his head. The beast is depicted as pagan Rome seen as empowered by Satan. 1. Nero (64-68)- said to have killed Peter and Paul. 2. Domitian (81-96)- thought Christianity was atheistic. He had thousands of believers killed. He banished John to the Isle of Patmos. 3. Trajan (98-117)- He was the first to pass laws against Christianity. He had Ignatius burned at the stake. Emperor Trajan said "anyone who will deny being a Christian and actively proves it by adoring our gods must be forgiven on the basis of his repentance no matter how suspect his past". 4. Pius (137-161)- He killed Polycarp, disciple of John.

14. 5. Marcus Aurelis (161-180)- He thought Christianity was an absurd superstition. He beheaded the great writer and defender of faith, Justin Martyr. 6. Severus (193-211) He killed Origen's father. 7. Thracian(235-238) He was a brutal barbarian and commanded all Christian leaders to be killed. 8. Decius (249-251) He was determined to exterminate Christianity. 9. Valerian (235-260) He killed Cyprian, bishop of Carthage. 10. Diocletian (284-305)- His was the last and most severe persecution. For ten years believers were hunted in caves and forests. They were burned at the stake, thrown to hungry lions and other beasts, and put to death by every torture that could be devised.

15. These Christians were called upon to pay the ultimate sacrifice. They were truly to follow the example of Christ with their very life. How does this compare to the sacrifices that we are making for the Lord today? Could we say we are prepared to give the same sacrifice. Job 13:15 Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him:

16. The crown was a symbol of royalty, and was worn by kings. Here it is not only symbolic of entering Heaven but also the continuing state of glory thereof. God views the eternal spiritual realm rather than the temporal James 1:12 Blessed is the man that endureth temptation(harsh trials): for when he is tried, he shall receive the crown of life, which the Lord hath promised to them that love him.