1. Timing analysis of SGR 1627-41 Liang, Jau-Shian Dep. of Physics, NTHU 2004/3/11

2. Outline Introduction Introduction (1).SGR 1627-41 (1).SGR 1627-41 (2).epoch folding,H-test (2).epoch folding,H-test Data Reduction and Analysis Data Reduction and Analysis Future work Future work

3. introduction 1. The first SGR was observed on March 5, 1979. 1. The first SGR was observed on March 5, 1979. 2. It was discovered some bursts repeated at the same position in 1986. 2. It was discovered some bursts repeated at the same position in 1986. 3. Properties of SGRs 3. Properties of SGRs (1)they repeat (1)they repeat (2)soft spectra (2)soft spectra (3)short duration (3)short duration

5. SGR first giant P(s) quiescence P(s) P ’ super-Eddington first giant P(s) quiescence P(s) P ’ super-Eddington observe flare? (erg/s) (10-11s/s) burst 18061900052616271801 1979 no ?? 2*1035 7.74 2.8 10^3X 1979 no ?? 2*1035 7.74 2.8 10^3X 1979 yes 5.16 3*1034 5.16 6.1 10^3X 1979 yes 5.16 3*1034 5.16 6.1 10^3X 1979 yes 8 1036 ?? ?? 2*10^4X 1979 yes 8 1036 ?? ?? 2*10^4X 1998 no ?? 1035 ?? ?? 4*10^5X 1998 no ?? 1035 ?? ?? 4*10^5X 1997 no ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? 1997 no ?? ?? ?? ?? ??

6. SGR 1627-41 First observation: Ulysses (1998 – 07-17) RA, DEC SINBAD 16 h 35 m 52.00 s, -47 o 35 ’ 14.0 ” J2000 RA, DEC SINBAD 16 h 35 m 52.00 s, -47 o 35 ’ 14.0 ” J2000 BappoSAX 16 h 35 m 49.8 s, -47 o 35 ’ 44 ” J2000 BappoSAX 16 h 35 m 49.8 s, -47 o 35 ’ 44 ” J2000 ASCA 16 h 35 m 46.41 s, -47 o 35 ’ 13.1 ” J2000 ASCA 16 h 35 m 46.41 s, -47 o 35 ’ 13.1 ” J2000 associate with nearby SNR : SNR G337.0-0.1 associate with nearby SNR : SNR G337.0-0.1

8. phases Phases: The probability density of phases:

10. Epoch folding If N j is large, S is approximately distributed as x n-1 2 for a flat probability density.

11. Rayleigh test If the phase probability density is flat, the displacements are a two-dimensional random walk.

12. The means of c and s depend on the Fourier transform sine and cosine amplitudes of f(  ). The Rayleigh power is P=R 2 /N ==> The random variabl 2P is therefore approximately distributed as x 2 2. ==>

13. Z m 2 -test and H-test A generalization of the Rayleigh test: Include the effect of a zealous obser in the caculation of significance:

14. Compare FFT with Epoch Folding Epoch folding is more sensitive to the nonsinusoidal pulse shapes characteristics of X-ray pulsars. Epoch folding is more sensitive to the nonsinusoidal pulse shapes characteristics of X-ray pulsars. Epoch folding provides a straightforward approach to handling gaps which routinely appear in data. Epoch folding provides a straightforward approach to handling gaps which routinely appear in data. Epoch folding is extremely time- consuming on the computer. Epoch folding is extremely time- consuming on the computer.

15. Compare H-test with Epoch Folding Epoch folding is more sensitive to the nonsinusoidal pulse shapes characteristics of X-ray pulsars. Epoch folding is more sensitive to the nonsinusoidal pulse shapes characteristics of X-ray pulsars. The H-test is free of the binning uncertainties associated with epoch folding. The H-test is free of the binning uncertainties associated with epoch folding.

16. Data Reduction and Analysis ASCA 1. 57041000 HURLEY 1999-02-06 duration:187.6ks gis:78.4ks sis:72.7ks duration:187.6ks gis:78.4ks sis:72.7ksBoppoSAX 1. 70821005 Jan van Paradijs 1999-08-08 lecs:34.8ks mecs:80.4ks lecs:34.8ks mecs:80.4ks 2. 70566001 Jan van Paradijs 1998-08-06 lecs:21.3ks mecs:44.9ks lecs:21.3ks mecs:44.9ks 3. 70566002 Jan van Paradijs 1998-09-16 lecs:12ks mecs:30ks lecs:12ks mecs:30ks

17. Data reduction Use standard screened event file Use standard screened event file Filtering Filtering Filter region Filter energy: 1-10kev (21-213) Barycentric correction Barycentric correction

18. Elevation Angle (ELV) >5 Elevation Angle (ELV) >5 Stable Pointing Directions (ACS, ANG_DIST): ACS==0 && ANG_DIST 0 && ANG_DIST <0.01 Stable Pointing Directions (ACS, ANG_DIST): ACS==0 && ANG_DIST 0 && ANG_DIST <0.01 South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) ==0 South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) ==0 Cut-off Rigidity (COR)>4 (GeV/c) Cut-off Rigidity (COR)>4 (GeV/c) (G2_H0+G2_H2+G3_H0+G3_H2)<45 && (G2_H0+G2_H2+G3_H0+G3_H2)<0.45*COR**2 -13*COR+125 && RBM_CONT <100 (G2_H0+G2_H2+G3_H0+G3_H2)<45 && (G2_H0+G2_H2+G3_H0+G3_H2)<0.45*COR**2 -13*COR+125 && RBM_CONT <100

20. The recommended region filter radius for bright sources in the GIS is 6 arcmin (24 pixels). The recommended region filter radius for bright sources in the GIS is 6 arcmin (24 pixels). For weak sources smaller regions could be used to reduce the background. For weak sources smaller regions could be used to reduce the background.

21. gis2 ra=16 h 35 m 46.41 s dec=-47 o 35 ’ 13 ”.1 Radius=4 ’ N total =48.8k N reg =2355

22. gis3 ra=16 h 35 m 46.41 s dec=-47 o 35 ’ 13 ”.1 Radius=4 ’ N total =51.4k N reg =3017

23. Merging of MECS units :MECS2, MECS3 > MECS23 Merging of MECS units :MECS2, MECS3 > MECS23 Filtering Filtering Filter time : GTI_XY.fits Filter region Filter energy: 2-10kev (43-215) Barycentric correction Barycentric correction Data reduction(BappoSAX)

24. 70566001 Ra=16 h 35 m 49.8 s dec=-47 o 35 ’ 44 ” Radius=4 ’ N total =49.9k N reg =2359

25. 70566002 Ra=16 h 35 m 49.8 s dec=-47 o 35 ’ 44 ” Radius=4 ’ N total =27.3k N reg =1340

26. 70566005 Ra=16 h 35 m 49.8 s dec=-47 o 35 ’ 44 ” Radius=4 ’ N total =65.3k N reg =2409

30. Use efsearch to detect signal in a large range of period Data: ASCA gis2 & gis3 Data: ASCA gis2 & gis3 Range of period: 1-1000 s Range of period: 1-1000 s Resolution: p*p/T/10, T=138600 s Resolution: p*p/T/10, T=138600 s Total tries: 1323k tries Total tries: 1323k tries

31. Data:SAX 70566001, 70566002, 70821005 Data:SAX 70566001, 70566002, 70821005 Range of period: 1-1000 s Range of period: 1-1000 s Resolution: p*p/T/10 Resolution: p*p/T/10 Total tries: Total tries: 70566001 887k tries T=85634 70566001 887k tries T=85634 70566002 651k tries T=62376 70566002 651k tries T=62376 70821005 1662k tries T=163642 70821005 1662k tries T=163642

35. Use H-test to detect signal in a large range of period Data:SAX 70566001, 70566002, 70821005 Range of period: 1-1000 s Data:SAX 70566001, 70566002, 70821005 Range of period: 1-1000 s Resolution: p*p/T/10, Resolution: p*p/T/10,

47. Future work Combine more data: XTE data Combine more data: XTE data Search other range of period: 0.01-1 s Search other range of period: 0.01-1 s Estimate upper limit Estimate upper limit