1. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### How "Presence" can contribute to carbon foot print reduction Philip Carden Vice President, Strategy and Innovation Europe, Africa, Asia

2. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 2 | October 2007 What do we mean by “Presence” Virtual Presence (a user perspective) A sense of social richness, feeling derived from social interaction A sense of realism, or a sense of transportation (being there) A common example are the state-changing buddy-lists of instant messaging services Physical Presence = location or relative location (in a room, in a house) There are many sources of location... GPS, RFID tags, WiFi tags, Cell ID etc Telecommunications Enabler A “Presence Server” publishes and subscribes to state information updates about users or devices, using standards such as SIMPLE and XMPP. Both virtual and physical presence can have a material impact on carbon footprint.

3. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 3 | October 2007 Home Gateway Ethernet WiFi 2G, 3G, 4G DSL & FTTH 2G, 3G, 4G Deep Fiber IP Network Internet & Other Networks Enterprise Mobiltiy Content Distribution and Protection Service Operations Service Enablers Internet Services SOA Telecommunications Services, especially TV & PC are wasteful. Databases Enterprise Directory IT Presence Mail Enterprise Data Center Devices that consumer power and could easily be network controlled. Set-top box, TV, PC, picture frames etc BUT people leave on the STB due to PVR functionality. So, combine network PVR with network-based power control. Next step is link to physical presence.

4. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 4 | October 2007 But Telecommunications is only a small part of the problem... Our biggest impact is probably not in transport, but in buildings Entertainment & Media 2% Travel 12% Transports 6% Residential 17% Commercial 8% Food 26% Other* 20% Common 8% ICT 1% Raw materials (4%) Forestry (3%) Fuel production (2%) Miscellaneous (11%) 2005: Greenhouse Gas Emissions (46,000 Million Tons CO 2 Equivalents) Buildings Power consumption of residential telecommunications services fits here (not in ICT) But heating, air-con and hot water are much bigger users. Many enterprises are already focused on this, but it is much more difficult for consumers. Video conferencing can help reduce travel. But some travel is good. E.g. commuting to the office is sometimes better than staying at home if it avoids heat/air-con. (Especially if it ’ s on an electric train powered by hydro or nuclear power stations … but even in a big, ugly SUV).

5. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 5 | October 2007 PhoneDoor SensorBed Sensor Current Sensor Web-Cam Self Measurement Toy/Robot IPTV Set-top Box Web-Cams In-home sensor/control networks important for two big global issues – aging population and carbon footprint. Aging population Homecare (as per previous slide) Smart-metering and smart-home Carbon footprint Heater control Smart Meter Current Sensors

6. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 6 | October 2007 Multimedia Conferencing Enterprise Mobility Ethernet Infrastructure WiFi Access Points Power over Ethernet for IP Phones Several telecommunications technologies can impact the carbon footprint of businesses. 3G, 4G for wireless data and laptop security Home Office, Hotel, On-the-move Consistent rich functionality across PC, Desk-phone and mobile regardless of location Video conferencing Enterprise Mobility Laptop Security Contact Centre All the above can contribute to increased flexibility in travel, and therefore reduce carbon footprint if used intelligently.

7. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 7 | October 2007 Examples: Virtual Healthcare De-materialization Energy Management Smart Logistics / Transport Enhanced Entertainment Virtual Education B2B / B2C Commerce 20022007 2020 0.5 0.8 1.7 ICT CURRENTLY ACCOUNTS FOR 2% OF GLOBAL FOOTPRINT BUT WILL INCREASE TO 3% UNDER “BUSINESS AS USUAL” -6.4 By enabling emissions reduction in other industry sectors, ICT can have a beneficial impact several times its footprint Potential indirect energy savings by 2020 from: Industry Buildings Power Transport If business-as-usual Potential direct telecom equipment energy savings by 2020 0.5 Source: McKinsey analysis 2008 ICT Carbon Footprint (GtCO 2 e) Zero Growth Line “Eco-innovation” of telecom technologies enable significant benefits for society Eco-Sustainability – Global Perspective Opportunity and Significance

8. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2006, ##### 8 | October 2007 Some concrete examples of potential presence-based applications Home power management Simple on/off “home/not home” power management. Use actual location + artificial intelligence, to determine optimal heating/air- conditioning. E.g. “First family member is expected home in 30 minutes, so start heating these parts of the house”. At-work power management Commercial buildings have a much higher percentage of power use from lighting. Presence is only one way of addressing this (e.g. movement detection is an alternative). But it may be a very straightforward way, especially if used for other things like... Enhanced conferencing Making remote participation in a meeting “as good as being there” is much more than expensive custom-built video conferencing facilities. It’s also about making it feasible to meaningfully participate from where you happen to be. If the conferencing application simply knew who was “present” in the main meeting room(s) then it is straightforward to recognise voice signatures in order to provide meaningful context information to remote participants (e.g. who is speaking).