1. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto1 PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY Finance Board Review Data Processing and Analysis Malargüe, October 27-29, 2001

2. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto2 Data Processing and Analysis Outline Introduction DPA activities –Shower and detector simulations –Physics reconstruction from detector output –Analysis and visualisation tools –Data management and Storage –Software distribution system –Networking Plans for the future and conclusions

3. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto3 Motivation Provide the environment and tools to make sense of the data taken by the Pierre Auger Observatory Provide the tools to allow physicists retrieve and analyse the Auger data. Transfer and store permanently the Auger data in Data Centers in an organized way. Test and optimize the physics algorithms within codes.

4. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto4 Background The Auger software is built by physicists coming from a broad background. It is built on top of software coming from a pool of many previous experiments. Has to be prepared to evolve, adapt and live for the long term of the experiment and be maintainable. Software is to be helpful and not a burden to physicists doing analysis.

5. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto5 Software Environment Operative System: LINUX Programming language : C/C++ (Fortran tolerated) I/O tools: ROOT Software management: CVS Software repository: Lyon Data repository: Auger data centers (Fermilab, Lyon and Buenos Aires.) Software documentation: Doxygen

6. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto6 The Simulation- Reconstruction chain Trigger Simulation (SD, FD, Hybrid) Reconstruction (SD, FD, Hybrid) CDAS Reconstructed Observables Simulated data Shower Simulation SD simulation FD Simulation Atmosphere Simulation Particle sampling Real data  Shower parameters  Environment parameters  Detector description Input

7. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto7 Shower simulations The Auger Collaboration uses two simulation codes: AIRES and CORSIKA. Both codes produces full space-time propagation of particles within the Earth’s atmosphere. They are linked to several well-known hadronic interaction models like, for example, QGSJET. Optimized statistical sampling techniques are used for simulations at the highest energies. Well tested codes used also by other experiments: Kascade (CORSIKA), AGASA (AIRES), etc. AIRES extensively used for detector and algorithm performance studies.

8. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto8 Shower production Massive shower production using AIRES and CORSIKA programs. CORSIKA shower production in progress. 35,000 showers produced so far: 9 Terabytes of data. Data stored in massive storage system. Access tools for user selection via Web interface are available.

9. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto9 Auger sim-rec: SD SD simulation Trigger Simulation Reconstruction Particle sampling Generate list of particles entering each local station. Simulation of Cherenkov light production and propagation; phototube response; electronics. Simulation of:  Local trigger (T1, T2).  Central trigger (T3).  Geometrical (Pos. of the core, zenith, azimuth).  Primary energy.  Estimation of shower maximum.

10. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto10 Auger sim-rec: WCD simulation. Average muon pulse shape and total charge. Comparison of experimental data taken at Buenos Aires with SDSim simulations.

11. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto11 Auger sim-rec: Simulation of SD angular reconstruction  (deg) Proton/IronPhoton E>10 19 eVE>10 20 eVE>10 19 eV 20 o 1.1 o 0.6 o 4.0 o 40 o 0.6 o 0.5 o 2.5 o 60 o 0.4 o 0.3 o 1.0 o space angle containing 68% of events

12. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto12 Auger sim-rec: Simulation of reconstructed energy. Proton Iron photon Photon, proton and iron showers. E = 10 19 eV Simulated RMS E resolution (averaged proton and iron showers) ~ 12 %

13. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto13 Auger sim-rec: FD FD simulation Trigger Simulation Reconstruction Atmosphere simulation  Shower generates light (direct and Cerenkov).  Propagate photons through the atmosphere.  Light scattering and absorption.  Simulation of optical properties: Diaphragm, mirrors, camera, filters.  Electronics simulation.  Simulation of all trigger levels.  Geometrical (Shower axis).  Shower profile and primary energy.  Shower maximum.

14. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto14 Flores FD geometrical reconstruction Signal vs. time

15. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto15 Auger sim-rec: Hybrid reconstruction

16. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto16 Auger sim-rec: Simulated hybrid geometrical reconstruction Single FD onlyHybrid Impact parameter reconstruction at 10 19 eV

17. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto17 Auger sim-rec: Simulated hybrid reconstruction performance. E(eV)  dir ( o )  Core (m)  E/E (%)  X max g/cm 2 10 18 0.7601338 10 19 0.550725 10 20 0.550624 Statistical errors only (68% bounds). Zenith angles < 60 o.

18. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto18 Sim-rec chain status. General steering program –Development in progress. Format converters Aires2Root, Cors2Root. –Operational. SD simulation and reconstruction. –SDSim (Particle resampling, SD simulation, SDE simulation): Prototype operational. –SD trigger simulation. Not ready yet. –SDRec (Reconstruction). Prototype operational. Algorithm tested with simulations (GAP note 2000-025). FD simulation and reconstruction. –FDSim++ (Atmosphere, FD simulation): Operational. –FD trigger simulation. Not ready yet. –Flores (FDE simulation, reconstruction): Operational. Detector electronics simulation. –ElecSim: Ready but still some work to be integrated. Hybrid simulation. –Algorithms studied and tested. Implementation in progress.

19. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto19 Visualization Tools

20. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto20 Software Distribution system The software distribution system is outlined, but has not been implemented up to now. Directory structure for software and data is defined. There is the DPA repository at LYON that allows the retrieval of all software (reasonably user friendly). http://auger.in2p3.fr/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi

21. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto21 Software Distribution system External packages used by Auger PackageWeb siteComment CERNLIBWwwinfo.cern.ch/asd/cernlibGeneral physics subroutines and utilities. ROOTRoot.cern.chObject oriented data analysis framework. CLHEPWwwinfo.cern.ch/asd/lhc++/clhepClass library for high energy physics. GEANT4Wwwinfo.cern.ch/asd/geant4Detector simulation package. XMLwww.w3.org/XMLLanguage used for data parsing. DOXYGENwww.stack.nl/dimitri/doxygenDocumentation system QTwww.trolltech.comC++ GUI framework

22. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto22 Computer systems and services. Local computing facilities: –Internet services (International link, e-mail, web, etc.). –DPA servers. –Local users computers. –Wired and wireless LAN for portable computers. Data mirroring from the site to the level 1 mirrors.

23. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto23 Computer network @ Malargüe Internet Retina-Router AUGER-Router IMPSAT-Link 128Kbps SCPC AUGER-Firewall Other users Official IP Class C auger.org.ar Server-1 DNS1 WWW PROXY... Server-2 DNS2 MAIL FTP... Jorge Abraham Javier Gitto Sergio Sciutto October 2001 (Desktop-PCs) (Portable-PCs) DPA users CDAS-Firewall & Data server Distributed Internet Services Universidad Tecnológica Nacional Facultad Regional Mendoza CDAS cluster cdas.augernet CDAS-Router E1 CDAS-Switch SD - FD High speed switch 1 Gbps link As. Bdg. users

24. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto24 AugerNet

25. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto25 Data mirroring system Malargüe Buenos Aires Processing. Storage. Distribution Fermilab Primary mirror Processing. Storage – safekeeping. Distribution. Lyon Storage. Distribution South America Raw event and monitoring data Complete raw and processed data Selected raw and processed data North America Europe Level 0 Level 1Level 2

26. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto26 Resources Shower and Detector Simulation Adelaide, Buenos Aires, Campinas, Karlsruhe, Kracov, Orsay, L’Aquila, La Plata, Leeds, Lodz, Lyon, Mexico, Northeastern, Paris, Pavia, Rio de Janeiro, Utah Physics Reconstruction Adelaide, Buenos Aires, Campinas, La Plata, Lodz, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Roma, Torino, UCLA, Utah Analysis and Visualization Tools Northeastern, LAL-Orsay, Roma, UCLA Data Management and Storage Buenos Aires, LAL-Orsay, La Plata, Mexico Software Distribution System Mexico, Pavia, Torino Networking Buenos Aires, LAL-Orsay, La Plata, Mendoza, Observatory staff

27. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto27 Plans for the Future Apply the current simulation reconstruction chain to the showers generated at Lyon. Next step is to streamline in a coherent way the software for the production phase of the experiment. We expect the first running version in the first semester next year. User interface to the Simulation-Reconstruction chain. Build the Software Distribution System. Complete the Automatic Data Mirroring and Processing System. Complete the Data (real, shower data and simulated data) Database. Implement the Buenos Aires Data Center.

28. Auger FB review, Malargüe, October 2001. DPA – R. Shellard & S. J. Sciutto28 Conclusions The internet connection at Malargüe is setup and running, sending data to the Data Centers. The shower production center in Lyon is operating, generating MC showers used in analysis. The prototype detector simulation programs are operative. The prototype reconstruction programs are acting on Real Data.