1. Technologies and Standards on Spatial Data Sharing in China Jianya Gong Wuhan University, CHINA

2. Contents 1. Introduction in Geo-Information Communities in China 2. The Researches for Geo-spatial Data Sharing Technologies and Standards 3. Implementation and Test of Geographic Information Sharing Standards 4. Conclusions

3. 1. Introduction of Geo-Information Communities in China

4. Status of Geospatial Information Technology in China Chinese government encourages development on Geospatial Information Technology The technologies of Geospatial Information in China have developed quickly in recent years, especially on : –Remote Sensors –Satellite Navigation System –Digital Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Image Processing System –GIS Software System –Remote Sensing and GIS Application

5. Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and GIS System in China Digital Photogrammetry System Remote Sensing Processing System GIS Software System

6. Two commercial digital photogrammetry systems VirtuoZo is developed by Wuhan University and Super Company Jx-4 is developed by Chinese Academy in Surveying and Mapping, and Beijing Siwei Company They occupy 80-90% markets in China

7. Four remote sensing processing systems GeoImager is developed by Wuhan University and Wuda Geo Company RSImages is developed by Chinese Academy in Surveying and Mapping, Taitan Image System is developed by Beijing Taitan Company RS System is developed by Institute of Remote Sensing Application of Chinese Academy They occupy 20-30% markets in China

8. Three commercial GIS software systems in China They occupy about 50% markets in China GeoStar is developed by Wuhan University and Wuda Geo Company MapGIS is developed by Chinese Geology University and Zhongdi Company SuperMap is developed by Institute in Resource and Geography of Chinese Academy and SuperMap Company

9. 2. Research on Geo-spatial Data Sharing Technologies and Standards

10. Research Funding From National High Technology Program (863 program): a specific research field “Earth Observation and Navigation”. The technologies and standards on spatial data sharing have been as a key project From State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping From other agencies: Local government, Geo-related companies

11. Research Projects and Plans 863 key project: “Standards of Geo-Spatial Data Sharing and Technologies of Geo-Information Web Service” (2002-2005). Ongoing national standards: GML, WFS, WMS, Data Transfer Standard, Spatial Scheme, GI Registration, Catalogue service, etc. 863 key project: “Technologies of GRID-GIS” (2007-2010). The interoperability technologies standards will be one of the important contents. More standards will be upcoming in the near future.

12. Three levels of spatial data sharing standards in China Basic Standards Geospatial Data Distribution Standards Geospatial Data Interoperability Standards

13. Level 1: Basic Standards Metadata Standard: adoption of ISO 19115 and released in last few years Geospatial Feature Classification: proposed by China’s institutes, released in 1992 and updated in 2005 Geospatial Data Transfer Standard: proposed by Wuhan University, released in 1999 and updated in 2006 Geospatial Data Model: adoption of ISO 19107 and to be released in 2008 Geospatial Visualization and Symbolization Standard: proposed by Wuhan University and to be released in 2008 Geography Markup Language (GML): adoption of ISO 19136 and to be released in 2008

14. Geo-spatial Data Transfer Standard Contents: （ 1 ） Basic information of data set （ 2 ） Definition of feature types （ 3 ） Data structure of attribute data （ 4 ） Geometric data （ 5 ） Annotation data （ 6 ） Topology data （ 7 ） Attribute data （ 8 ） Visualization data adopting geo-spatial data model using both BNF and XML encoding

15. 1++ 2++1++ Spatial DB Spatial ObjectImage DEM Graphics attribute PointCurveSurf.Assemble Objects Line StringPolygonMulti-surf.Multi-poly.Multi-curve Multi LineStringMultiple PolygonLinearitySegment Solid Geospatial Data Model

16. HeadBegin DataMark: CNSDTF-VCT Version: [CoordinateSystemType: C|D|P ] [Dim: ] [XAxisDirection: ] [YAxisDirection: ] [XYUnit: M|D| ] [ZUnit: M| ] [Spheroid: ] [PrimeMeridian: ] [Projection: ] [Parameters: ] [VerticalDatum: ] [TemporalReferenceSystem: ] [ExtentMin: ] [ExtentMax: ] [MapScale: ] [Offset: ] [Date: ] [Separator: ] HeadEnd Basic information of data set (using BNF)

17. 要素类型参数内容和格式 ::= FeatureCodeBegin {,,, {, } } FeatureCodeEnd ::= 中不能含有逗号 (,) 。 ::= Point | Line | Polygon | Solid | Collection | Annotation ::= 空表名表示没有属性表。 ::= 中不能含有逗号 (,) 。 Definition of feature types ( using BNF )

18. <schema targetNamespace="http://www.csdf.org/Schema" xmlns:csdf="http://www.csdf.org/Schema" xmlns= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified"> 分为矢量数据集、影像数据集和格网数据集 所有数据实例必须以该元素作为根元素。 矢量数据类型 矢量数据 矢量数据元数据类型 Basic information for data set (using XML)

19. 几何类型 要素类型参数类型 要素类型编码 要素类型名称 几何类型 Definition of feature types ( using XML )

20. Level 2: Geospatial Data Distribution Standards registrationSpecification of geospatial dataset registration Specification of geospatial data catalogue Guide of geospatial data distribution

21. registration Specification of geospatial dataset registration Procedures for registration of geographic information items” was proposed by National Information Center with reference to ISO 19135 “Procedures for registration of geographic information items” and W3C UDDI/WSDL, and will be released in 2008.

22. Example: Registration service system for geo-spatial dataset

23. Specification of geospatial data catalogue With reference to OGC catalogue service specification, and to be released in 2008.

24. Example: Catalogue Service for Geospatial Data

25. Results of the catalogue service example

26. Guide of Geospatial Data Distribution was proposed by Chinese Geomatric Center, and applied in geospatial data distribution.

27. Example: Distribution service system for geospatial data

28. Level 3: Geospatial Data Interoperability Standards Simple Feature Implementation Specification –for OLE/COM –for JAVA Web Map Service (WMS), Web Feature Service (WFS), Web Coverage Service (WCS) –adoption of the corresponding ISO or OGC standards and to be released in 2008

29. Simple Feature Implementation Specification for OLE/COM Simple feature implementation specification for OLE/COM from OGC, has been implemented and tested by Chinese GIS software.

30. GeoSurf Syste m DEM SystemImage DB System 2-D GIS Applicatio n System DEM COM Image COM 2-D GIS COM 3-D GIS COM Other COM Active X 3-D GIS Editing Query and analysis COM QueryAnalysisMapping Spatial Data operation Interface (OGC specification) DB2SyBase OracleARC/SDEInformix GeoStarfile COM/DC OM Vector Image DEM SDC/O DBC DEM Ana

31. IGeometry IUnknown IPoint ILintString IPolygon IGeoAnnotation IGeometryCollection IMultiPoint IMultiLineString IMultiPolygon Objects

32. Common Methods IGeometry IGeometry::get_Dimension IGeometry::get_SpatialReference IGeometry::put_SpatialReference IGeometry::IsEmpty IGeometry::SetEmpty IGeometry::IsSimple IGeometry::get_Envelope IGeometry::Clone IGeometry::Project

33. interface IGeometry : IUnknown interface IPoint : IGeometry interface ILineString : IGeometry interface IPolygon : IGeometry interface IGeoAnnotation : IGeometry interface IGeometryCollection : IGeometry interface IMultiPoint : IGeometryCollection interface IMultiLineString : IGeometryCollection interface IMultiPolygon : IGeometryCollection Common Methods

34. Example of geographical information sharing between different data sources (Implemented in Geostar)

35. Simple Feature Implementation Specification for JAVA Simple feature implementation specification for JAVA has been proposed with referencing to Simple feature implementation specification for CORBAR, has been implemented and tested.

36. 3. Implementation and Test of Geographic Information Sharing Standards Several GIS software systems in China have implemented the standards on geospatial data sharing, such as CNSDTF, simple feature implementation specification for COM, for JAVA, and WMS, WFS, WCS and so on.

37. Test of Web Map Service

38. Test of Web Coverage Service

39. Test of Web Feature Service

40. Geo-spatial data integration by multiple GISs based on geo-spatial information web service specifications Spatial Data Integration GeoStar ArcIMS SuperMap MapGIS MapInfo

41. Example: spatial data integration by multiple web service specifications

42. Data Integration from Multi Systems and Based on Multi Specifications

43. Conclusions China has been doing research, implementation and testing on geo-spatial data sharing standards Metadata standard, geospatial feature classification and geospatial data transfer standard have been released and applied in China. Geospatial registration service, catalogue service, GML, WMS, WFS, WCS will be released in the near future. The research and application of geo-spatial data sharing standards in China are still in the primary stage, and we hope to have more cooperation with the colleagues in the world.

44. Thank You!