2. Objectives Overview. See Page 397 for Detailed Objectives
Define system software and identify the two types of system software
Describe the functions of an operating system
Summarize the startup process on a personal computer
Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems
Briefly describe various server operating systems
Summarize the features of several embedded operating systems
Explain the purpose of several utility programs
See Page 397
for Detailed Objectives
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

3. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
System Software.
System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
Page 398
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4. Operating Systems (Cont.)
An Operating System (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources.
The operating system that a computer uses sometimes is a called the platform.
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

5. Operating Systems (Cont.)
Start and shut down a computer
Provide a user interface
Manage programs
Manage memory
Coordinate tasks
Configure devices
Establish an Internet connection
Monitor performance
Provide utilities
Automatically update
Control a network
Administer security
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

6. Operating Systems (Cont.)
Most operating system perform similar functions, which are illustrated with the latest version of Windows.
Pages 398 – 399
Figure 8-1
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

7. Operating System Functions.
The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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8. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
To reboot a running computer, click the Shut down button arrow and then click Restart.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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9. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots.
Step 1 : When you turn on the computer, the power supply sends an electrical signal to the components in the system unit.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Windows Registry below Chapter 8
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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10. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots (Cont.)
Step 2 : The charge of electricity causes the processor chip to reset itself and find the ROM chip(s) that contains the BIOS.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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11. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots (Cont.)
Step 3 : The BIOS execute a series of tests to make sure the computer hardware is connected properly and operating correctly.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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12. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots (Cont.)
Step 4 : The POST results are compared with data in a CMOS chip. CMOS is a technology that uses battery power to retain information when the computer is off.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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13. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots (Cont.)
Step 5 : The BIOS may look first to see if a USB flash drive plugged in a USB port or a disc in an optical disc drive contains the system file, or it may look directly on drive C for the system files.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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14. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots (Cont.)
Step 6 : Once located, the system files load into memory (RAM) from storage (usually the hard disk) and execute. Next, the kernel of the operating system loads into memory.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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15. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
How a PC Boots (Cont.)
Step 7 : The operating system loads system configuration information. In the latest Windows versions, the registry consists of several files that contain the system configuration information.
Page 400
Figure 8-2
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16. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A boot drive is the drive from which your personal computer boots (starts). In most cases, drive C (the hard disk) is the boot drive. In these cases, you can boot from a special disk, called a boot disk or a recovery disk.
A recovery disk contains a few system files that will start the computer.
Page 402
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17. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
An operating system includes various shut down options.
Sleep mode saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Sleep Mode below Chapter 8
Page 402
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

18. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Hibernate saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Sleep Mode below Chapter 8
Page 402
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19. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen.
Operating system often use a combination of these interfaces to define how a user interacts with a computer.
Pages 402 – 403
Figure 8-4
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

20. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images such as buttons and other graphical objects to issue commands.
Pages 402 – 403
Figure 8-4
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

21. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Windows 7 offers two different graphical user interfaces, depending on your hardware configuration.
Pages 402 – 403
Figure 8-4
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

22. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
With a command-line interface, a user types command or presses special keys on the keyboard (such as function keys or key combinations) to enter data and instructions.
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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23. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A command-line interface requires you enter exact spelling, grammar and punctuation.
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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24. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity.
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

25. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A single user/single tasking operating system allows only one user to run one program at a time.
For example, if you are working in a graphics program and want to check message, you must quit the graphics program before you can run the program.
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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26. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A single user/multitasking operating system allows a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time.
For example, if you are working in a graphics program and want to check message, you do not quit the graphics program to run the program.
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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27. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
The foreground is the active program, the currently are using.
The other programs running but not in use are in the background. 27
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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28. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
The foreground program, Windows Live Movie Maker, is displayed on the desktop. The other programs (Windows Media Player, Microsoft PowerPoint, and Chess Titans) are in the background.
Page 404
Figure 8-6
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29. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
An operating system manages multiple programs and processes while you use the computer. 29
Page 404
Figure 8-6
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30. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Preemptive multitasking, the operation system interrupts a program that is executing and passes control to another program waiting to be executed.
An advantage of preemptive multitasking is the operating system regains control if one program stops operating preperly.
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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31. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A multiprocessing operating system supports two or more processors running program at the some time.
Multiprocessing involves the coordinated processing of program by more than one processor. 31
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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32. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A fault-tolerant computer continues to operate when one of its components fails, ensuring that no data is lost. Fault-tolerant computers have duplicate components such as
Processors.
Memory.
Disk drives.
Page 403
Figure 8-5
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33. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Memory management is to optimize the use of random access memory (RAM).
RAM consists of one or more chips on the motherboard that hold items such as data and instructions while the processor interprets and executes them.
Page 406
Figure 8-8
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34. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM.
Because virtual memory is slower than RAM, users may notice the computer slowing down while it users virtual momery.
Page 406
Figure 8-8
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35. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
This figure shows how a computer might use virtual memory.
Page 406
Figure 8-8
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36. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed.
A task, or job, is an operation the processor manages.
A multiuser operating system does not always process task on a first-come, first-served basis.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Spooling below Chapter 8
Page 407
Figure 8-9
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37. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A buffer is a segment of memory or storage in which items are placed which waiting to be transferred from an input device or to an output device.
This process, called spooling, sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Spooling below Chapter 8
Page 407
Figure 8-9
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38. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Spooling increases both processor and printer efficiency by placing documents to be printed in a buffer on disk before they are printed. This figure illustrates three documents in the queue with one document printing.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Spooling below Chapter 8
Page 407
Figure 8-9
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39. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A driver is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.
These device will not function without their correct drivers.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Spooling below Chapter 8
Page 407
Figure 8-9
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40. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Plug and Play means the operating system automatically configures new devices as you install them.
With Plug and Play, a user plugs in a device, turns on the computer, and then uses the device without having to configure the system manually.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Spooling below Chapter 8
Page 407
Figure 8-9
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41. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Windows includes a Set Up a connection or Network wizard that guides users through the process of setting up a connection between a computer and an Internet access provider.
Page 408
Figure 8-10
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42. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
To connect to a network using Windows, click the start button, Control Panel, click Network and Internet, click Network and Sharing center, and then click ‘Set up a new connection or network’ to open the window show here.
Page 408
Figure 8-10
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43. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices.
The information in performance reports helps users and administrators identify a problem with resources so that they can try to resolve any problems.
Pages 408 – 409
Figure 8-11
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44. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
The Windows Resource Monitor above is tracking CPU (processor), disk, network, and memory usage.
Pages 408 – 409
Figure 8-11
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45. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Operating systems often provide users with the capability of:
Managing files
Searching for files
Viewing images
Securing a computer
Uninstalling programs
Cleaning up disks
Defragmenting disks
Diagnosing problems
Backing up files and disks
Setting up screen savers
Page 409
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46. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program.
Many software makers provide free downloadable updates, sometimes called a service pack, to users who have registered and/or activated their software.
Page 409
Figure 8-12
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47. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
With Windows Update, you can download and install important operating system and Utility updates.
Page 409
Figure 8-12
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48. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network.
A server operating system is an operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network.
Page 410
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49. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
Add and remove users, computers, and other devices.
Install software and administer network security.
Page 410
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50. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Each user has a user account
A user name, or user ID, is a unique combination of characters, that identifies one specific user.
A password is a private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources.
Page 410
Figure 8-13
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51. Operating System Functions (Cont.)
Most multiuser operating systems allow each user to log on, which is the process of entering a user name and a password into the computer.
Page 410
Figure 8-13
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52. Types of Operating Systems.
A device-dependent program is one that runs only on a specific type or make of computer.
Proprietary software is privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer model.
Page 412
Figure 8-14
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53. Types of Operating Systems (Cont.)
Examples of stand-alone, server, and embedded operating systems. Some stand-alone operating system include the capability of configuring small home or office network.
Page 412
Figure 8-14
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54. Stand-Alone Operating Systems.
A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that works on a
Desktop computer.
Notebook computer.
Mobile computing device.
Page 412
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55. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 is Microsoft’s fastest, most efficient operating system to date and is available in multiple editions:
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Windows 7
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

56. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 Starter, designed for netbook and other small notebook computer, uses the Windows 7 basic interface and allows users easily to
Search for files.
Connect to printers and devices.
Browse the Internet.
Join home networks.
Connect to wireless networks.
Page 412
Figure 8-14
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57. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 Home premium includes all the capabilities of windows 7 Starter and also includes Windows Aero with its Aero Flip 3D feature.
It also provides tools to
Create and edit high-definition movies.
Read from and write on Blu-ray Discs.
Page 412
Figure 8-14
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58. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 Ultimate, which includes all features of Windows 7 Home Premium, provides additional features designed to keep your file secure and support for 35 languages.
Page 412
Figure 8-14
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59. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 Professional, users in all sizes of businesses are provided a secure operating environment that uses Windows Aero where they easily can search for files, protect their computer from unauthorized intruders and unwanted programs.
Page 412
Figure 8-14
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60. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 provides programs such as:
Page 414
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61. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows 7 has a new interface, easier navigation and searching techniques, and improved security.
Page 414
Figures 8-16 – 8-17
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62. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
With Windows 7 Aero Flip 3D, users flip through windows by rolling the wheel on their mouse.
Page 414
Figures 8-16 – 8-17
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63. Additional features of Windows 7.
Page 415
Figure 8-18
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64. Additional features of Windows 7 (Cont.)64
Page 415
Figure 8-18
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65. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
The Macintosh operating system has set the standard for operating system ease of use and has been the model for most of the new GUIs developed for non-Macintosh system.
Mac OS X, is a multitasking operating system available only for computers manufactured by Apple.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mac OS X
below Chapter 8
Page 415
Figure 8-19
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66. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Mac OS X is the operating system used with Apple Macintosh computers.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mac OS X
below Chapter 8
Page 415
Figure 8-19
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67. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
UNIX (pronounced YOU-nix) is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories.
UNIX was licensed to many hardware and software companies.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mac OS X
below Chapter 8
Page 415
Figure 8-19
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68. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mac OS X
below Chapter 8
Many versions of UNIX have a graphical user interface.
Page 415
Figure 8-19
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69. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Linux (pronounced LINN-uks), introduced in 1991, is a popular, multitasking UNIX-type operating system.
In addition to the basic operating system, Linux also includes many free programming languages and utility programs.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mac OS X
below Chapter 8
Page 415
Figure 8-19
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70. Stand-Alone Operating Systems (Cont.)
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mac OS X
below Chapter 8
This distribution of Linux has a graphical user interface.
Page 415
Figure 8-19
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71. Server Operating Systems.
Windows Server 2008
UNIX
Linux
Solaris
NetWare
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

72. Server Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows Server 2008 is an upgrade to Windows Server Windows Server 2008, which including features of previous Windows Server versions.
Part of the Windows Server 2008 family.
Multiple editions.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

73. Server Operating Systems (Cont.)
Most editions of Windows Server 2008 include
Hyper-V.
A virtualization technology.
Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as server.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

74. Server Operating Systems (Cont.)
UNIX also is a server operating system. This is, UNIX is capable of handling a high volume of transactions in a multiuser environment and working with multiuser processors using multiprocessing.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

75. Server Operating Systems (Cont.)
Linux also is a multipurpose operating system.
With Linux, a network administrator can
Configure the network.
Administer security.
Run a Web server.
Process .
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

76. Server Operating Systems (Cont.)
Solaris, a version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems, is a server operating system designed specifically for e-commerce application.
Client computers often use a desktop program.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

77. Server Operating Systems (Cont.)
NetWare is a server operating system designed for client/server network.
NetWare has a server portion that resides on the network server and a client portion that resides on each client computer connected to the network.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization
below Chapter 8
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

78. Embedded Operating Systems.
An embedded operating system resides on a ROM chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device.
Pages
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79. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows Embedded CE is a scaled-down Windows operating system designed for use on
Communications.
Entertainment.
Computing devices
with limited functionality.
Pages
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80. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
This sewing machine uses Windows Embedded CE to assist with stitching quilts, garments, crafts, decorations, and embroidery.
Pages
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81. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
Windows Mobile, an operating system based on Windows Embedded CE, includes
Functionality.
Program.
and a use interface designed for specific type of smart phones and PDAs.
Pages
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82. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
A smart phone that uses the Windows Mobile operating system.
Pages
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83. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
Palm Os, A computing operating system to Windows Mobile is Palm OS, which runs on smart phones and PDAs.
With Palm OS devices, users manage
Schedules and contacts.
Phone messages.
Notes.
Task and address lists.
Appointments.
Pages
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84. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
A smart phone that uses the Palm OS operating system.
Pages
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85. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
iPhone OS, developed by Apple, is an operating system for the iPhone and iPod touch, Apple’s smart phone and touch screen portable media player, respectively.
These devices are multi-touch, meaning they recognize multiple points of contact.
Pages
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8

86. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
The iPhone OS runs on Apple’s iPhone.
Pages
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87. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
The BlackBerry operating system runs on handheld devices supplied by RIM (Research In Motion).
BlackBerry devices provide PIM capabilities such as managing schedules, contacts, and appointments, as well as phone capabilities.
Pages
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88. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
A smart phone that uses the BlackBerry operating system.
Pages
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89. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
Google Android is an operating system designed by Google for mobile devices.
Google Android contains features such as
Access to accounts.
An alarm clock.
Video capture.
Access to Google Apps.
Wi-Fi access,
Easy Web browsing.
Pages
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90. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
Embedded Linux is a scaled-down Linux operating system designed for smart phones, PDAs, portable media players, Internet telephones, and many other types of devices and computers requiring an embedded operating system.
Pages
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91. Embedded Operating Systems (Cont.)
Symbian OS is an open source multitasking operating system designed for smart phones.
In addition to making phones calls, users of Symbian OS can
Maintain contact lists.
Save appointments.
Browse the Web.
Pages
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92. Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 8
Utility Programs.
A utility program, also called a utility is a type of system software that allows a user to
Perform maintenance-type tasks.
Usually related to managing a computer.
Its devices.
Its programs.
Page 421
Figure 8-27
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93. Utility Programs (Cont.)
To display the utilities available in the Windows System Tools list, click the Start button, click All Program, click Accessories, and then click System Tools.
Page 421
Figure 8-27
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94. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A file manager is a utility that performs functions related to file management.
Displaying a list of files.
Organizing files in folders.
Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders.
Creating shortcuts.
Page 422
Figure 8-28
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95. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Windows includes file managers that allow you to view documents, photos, and music. In this case, thumbnails of photos are displayed.
Page 422
Figure 8-28
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96. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A search utility is a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify. The criteria could be a
Word or words contained in a file.
Date the file was created or modified.
Size of the file, location of the file.
File name.
Author/artist.
Other similar properties.
Page 422
Figure 8-29
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97. Utility Programs (Cont.)
This search displays files whose name or contents contain the text, flow.
Page 422
Figure 8-29
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98. Utility Programs (Cont.)
An image viewer is a utility that allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file, such as a photo.
Windows image viewer is called Windows Photo Viewer, which also allows also allows you to print and photos.
Page 423
Figure 8-30
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99. Utility Programs (Cont.)
This Windows photo Viewer allows user to see the contents of a photo file.
Page 423
Figure 8-30
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100. Utility Programs (Cont.)
An uninstaller is a utility that removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files.
The uninstaller deletes files and folders from the hard disk, as well as removes program entries from the system files.
Page 423
Figure 8-30
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101. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files.
Downloaded program files.
Temporary Internet files.
Deleted files.
Unused program files.
Page 423
Figure 8-31
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102. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Disk Cleanup searches for and removes unnecessary files.
Page 423
Figure 8-31
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103. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A disk defragmenter reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster.
Defragmenting the disk, or reorganizing it so that the files are stored in contiguous sectors, solves this problem.
Pages 423 – 424
Figure 8-32
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104. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A fragmented disk has many files in noncontiguous sectors. Defragmenting reorganizes the files so that they are located in contiguous sectors, which speeds access time.
Pages 423 – 424
Figure 8-32
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105. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A backup utility allows users to copy files, back up, selected files or an entire hard disk to another storage medium.
A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form.
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Figure 8-33
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106. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A backup utility allows users to copy files or an entire hard disk to another storage medium.
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Figure 8-33
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107. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A screen saver is a utility that causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse activity occurs for a specified time.
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108. Utility Programs (Cont.)
With this screen saver software, you can create your own screen savers.
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109. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A personal firewall is a utility that detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions.
A hacker is someone who tries to access a computer or network illegally.
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110. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A stand-alone personal firewall utility.
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111. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A virus describes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a computer negatively.
A virus author, intentionally writes a virus program.
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112. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A worm, such as Sasser or Klez, copies itself repeatedly, for example, in memory or over a network, using up system resources and possibly shutting down the system.
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113. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A Trojan horse (named after the Greek myth) hides within or looks like a legitimate program such as a screen saver.
A Trojan horse does not replicate itself to other computers.
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114. Utility Programs (Cont.)
An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files.
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Figures 8-34 – 8-35
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115. Video: Free Online Antivirus.
CLICK TO START
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116. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Viruses attack computers in a variety of ways. This list indicates some of the more common signs of virus infection.
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Figures 8-36 – 8-37
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117. Utility Programs (Cont.)
An antivirus program scans memory, disks, and incoming messages and attachments for viruses and attempts to remove any viruses it finds.
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Figures 8-36 – 8-37
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118. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Spyware is a program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user, often related to Web browsing habits.
A spyware remover detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs.
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119. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Adware is a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on Web pages, , or other Internet services.
An adware remover is a program that detects and deletes adware.
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120. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Filters are programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed.
Pages
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121. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A file compression utility shrinks the size of a file(s).
Compressing files frees up room on the storage media.
Two types of compression
Lossy.
Lossless.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click WinZip
below Chapter 8
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122. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Compressed files sometimes are called zipped files, usually have a zip extension.
Uncompressed, or unzip, a file, you restore it to its original form. Two popular stand-alone file compression utilities are PKZIP and WinZip.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click WinZip
below Chapter 8
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123. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A media player allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer.
Media player may also include the capability to organize media file, convert them to different formats.
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Figure 8-38
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124. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A popular media player.
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Figure 8-38
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125. Utility Programs (Cont.)
Disc burning software writes text, graphics, audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable optical disc.
Disc burning software usually also includes
Photo editing.
Audio editing.
Video editing capabilities.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Burning Discs
below Chapter 8
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Figure 8-39
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126. Utility Programs (Cont.)
You can copy text, graphics, audio, and video files to discs using the digital media suite shown here, provided you have the correct type of drive and media.
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 8, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Burning Discs
below Chapter 8
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Figure 8-39
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127. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A personal computer maintenance utility identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance.
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Figure 8-40
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128. Utility Programs (Cont.)
A popular maintenance program for Windows users.
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Figure 8-40
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129. Summary.
Definition of an operating system
Functions common to most operating systems
Variety of stand-alone operating systems, server operating systems, and embedded operating systems
Several utility programs
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130. Chapter 8 Complete