3. Scandpower AS P.O. Box 3, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway Risk management in the Scandinavian railway industry Karl Ove Ingebrigtsen Vice president Sweden Norway Denmark

5. What is risk management? “The systematic application of management policies, procedures and practices to the tasks of communicating, establishing the context, identifying, analysing, evaluating, treating, monitoring and reviewing risk” RISK MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES Companion to AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk management is the human activity which integrates –recognition of risk, risk assessment –developing strategies to manage risk –mitigation of risk using managerial resources

6. Why risk management Risk management is a guide to ensure use of knowledge, experience, understanding, common interest, contribution from all to obtain the common goal of the success… The success is due to the following benefits of risk management: –fewer surprises due to identifying all unwanted events –involvement of all parties give access to experience –improved information for all decision making

7. Risk management in Scandinavia Motivation and foundation –The Oil & Gas experience –Authority requirements –General safety awareness –Learned by accidents Experience with risk management –Formal requirement in Norway since the 90’ –Applied on all railway systems Bad risk management in several railway projects –Loss of production –Loss of reputation –Economical losses –Loss of assets

8. From Ad-hoc operations to integrated risk management Ad-hoc Occasional focus on different mishaps Treat symptoms as they occurs Less lessons learned from operational experience Reactive Identifies causes to mishaps Corrections made on experienced problems Proactive Proactive strategy for risk management Extensive risk analysis of the operation Judge risk according to strategies and targets integrated in the business management processes in the company Comprehensive and integrated risk management Establishment of risk- indicators in critical processes of the operation Continuos surveillance and risk management for changes and improvement in the organisation

9. Risk management requirements The specification and demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (EN-50126 RAMS) Risk Management AS/NZS 4360 E&P Forum, Guidelines for the Development and Application of Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems. SAMRAIL EN 50128 Software EN 50129 System safety EN 50159 Communication Railway System Signaling system Sub-system Component EN 50128 (Software) EN 50129 (System safety) EN 50126 (RAMS) EN 50159 (Communication)

10. The risk management models The RAMS standard

11. The risk management models E&P model

12. The main model applied

13. Internal Management Train operation control Marked department Internal bodies, safety office Planning department Engineer Conductor External handicapped Labour union Authorities Maintainers Press Travellers COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION WITH ALL INVOLVED PARTIES Belated wisdom is not allowed

14. Establish the context

15. Identification of risk by identification of barriers Event Consequence 1 Consequence 2 Consequence 3 Consequence 4 Cause 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Cause 4 Cause Accident Fault tree analysis Event tree analysis Barriers

16. Risk analysis and evaluation – the strength of the barriers

17. The results and follow up HAZARD log (Database / Excel) Railway system Hazard Risk reduction Influence on RAMS Reference document for treating risk Responsible for closing action Verification of closing action

18. Monitoring and review Client Notice Preparation Opening meeting Collecting facts Closing meeting Preparing report Follow-up

19. The helpful tools