1. JABATAN ALAM SEKITAR MALAYSIA
ASSALAMUALAIKUM
SELAMAT SEJAHTERA
GOOD AFTERNOON
JABATAN ALAM SEKITAR MALAYSIA

2. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN QUARRY INDUSTRY
Q-SHE CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION
(QUARRY SAFETY, HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT)
FOR QUARRYING BUSINESS ENHANCEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS IN QUARRY INDUSTRY
14 November 2006
Holiday Villa Subang, Subang Jaya, Selangor
By:
Dr. Ir. SHAMSUDIN AB LATIF
Deputy Director General (Development)
Department of Environment, Malaysia
Department of Environment, Malaysia

3. Department of Environment, Malaysia
COVERAGE
Environmental impacts
Planning Stage
Environmental Management and Mitigation Measures
Maintenance, Monitoring and Record Keeping
Conclusion
Department of Environment, Malaysia

4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF QUARRIES
Department of Environment, Malaysia

5. Environmental Impacts of Quarries Department of Environment, Malaysia
Development stage
Operational stage
Post-closure stage
Department of Environment, Malaysia

6. Department of Environment, Malaysia
PLANNING STAGE
Department of Environment, Malaysia

7. Department of Environment, Malaysia
PUBLIC RELATION
Good neighbor policy
- Need to win support of neighboring
community
Department of Environment, Malaysia

8. Practical ways of promoting good neighborly relationships
Consultation with residents at the EIA stage
Make available copies of non technical summary
Dedicated staff member to handle complaints
Make available environmental monitoring data
Department of Environment, Malaysia

9. SITING CONSIDERATIONS
Sufficient buffer distance of (preferably) at least 1000 meters from residential area
Department of Environment, Malaysia

10. Site selected to minimize: Department of Environment, Malaysia
Visual impact
Dust
Noise
Pollution of water courses
Department of Environment, Malaysia

11. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
Identify potential impacts
Suggest mitigation measures
Department of Environment, Malaysia

12. WRITTEN PERMISSION/APPROVAL Department of Environment, Malaysia
Air pollution control
Water pollution control
Monitoring requirements
Department of Environment, Malaysia

13. PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR MITIGATING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Site preparation
Blasting
Extraction
Topsoil and overburden management
Rehabilitation
Processing
Stockpiling
Traffic
Department of Environment, Malaysia

14. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Site Preparation
Activities:
- timber clearing
- grubbing
- top soil and overburden salvage
Main aspects of concern:
- Soil erosion and sediment control
Department of Environment, Malaysia

15. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Blasting
Blasting generates:
- vibration
- audible noise
- fly rock
- dust
Control:
- digital blasting using electronic detonators
Department of Environment, Malaysia

16. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Extraction
Noise
Visual concerns
Dust
Traffic
Pollution prevention
Erosion, sediment, storm water
Rehabilitation
Department of Environment, Malaysia

17. Topsoil and Overburden Management Department of Environment, Malaysia
Only clear area that will be actively used for extraction, processing and stockpiling
in the near future
Department of Environment, Malaysia

18. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Rehabilitation
Progressive rehabilitation is recommended:
- minimize topsoil and overburden handling
- minimize the need for large storm water management area
- prevent dust generation
Department of Environment, Malaysia

19. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Processing
Aggregate processing may include:
Crushers, screens, wash plants,
generators, conveyors
Concerns:
Noise, dust, visual impact, sediment, water, wash-water fine
Department of Environment, Malaysia

20. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Stockpiling
Generates large quantity of stormwater
Stormwater management; dust control
BMPs:
Chute; drop height; water sprays; buffers
on down wind of stockpiles; stockpiles located away from sensitive areas
Department of Environment, Malaysia

21. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Traffic
On-site traffic generates dust and noise
Mitigation measures:
- aspects of haul road and industrial
traffic
- Entrance and exit designs
- Weigh scale layout
Department of Environment, Malaysia

22. Department of Environment, Malaysia
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Department of Environment, Malaysia

23. STORMWATER AND EROSION CONTROL Department of Environment, Malaysia
Concerns: Soil erosion and mud slides
Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Stabilization (Prevention)
Structural (Treatment)
Inspections
Department of Environment, Malaysia

24. Stabilization (Prevention) Department of Environment, Malaysia
Bufferzone
Bioengineering
Ditches
Erosion control blanket
Tarp
Vegetation cover
Benching
Hidroseeding
Limit clearing
Tree protection
Department of Environment, Malaysia

25. Structural (Treatment) Department of Environment, Malaysia
Check dam
Ditches
Outlet protection
Retention basin
Settling pond
Silt fence
Swales
Department of Environment, Malaysia

26. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Inspections
Post-storm events
Weekly
Department of Environment, Malaysia

27. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Reference Document
Manual Saliran Mesra Alam (MASMA)
published by Drainage and Irrigation
Department (DID) Malaysia
Department of Environment, Malaysia

28. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Drilling
Concerns: Noise and dust
Requires: drilling plan
Mitigation measures:
- Drilling machine:
dust extraction and collection
- Drill hammers and engines:
Noise suppression
- Drilling hours: Restricted
Department of Environment, Malaysia

29. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Blasting
Concerns: Vibration, air blast
Standard:
Air blast over pressure: 120dB (Lin Peak)
Ground vibration: Maximum 3 mm/s peak
particle velocity (ppv)
Mitigation measures:
- Use hydraulic rock breakers
- Do not use surface detonating cord
- Use electronic detonators
Department of Environment, Malaysia

30. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Noise
Activities:
- Drilling
- Blasting
- Earth moving operations
- Crushing
- Screening
Department of Environment, Malaysia

31. Standard At Quarry Boundary Department of Environment, Malaysia
Should not exceed 5 – 10 dB(A)
above normal day time ambient level
Day time: 65 dB(A)
Night time: 55 dB(A)
Department of Environment, Malaysia

32. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Processing
Enclosures around crushing and screening plants
Solid barriers (bund walls and topographical features)
Vegetation belt
Maintain access and haul road to reduce truck noise
Maintain & lubricate machineries to reduce machinery noise
Use silencers on compressors, rotary engines and generators
Department of Environment, Malaysia

33. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Dust control
Typically, low concentration of dust
in respirable range (less then 3
microns)
Sources - from processes
- from fugitive sources
Department of Environment, Malaysia

34. Dust Generating Points Department of Environment, Malaysia
Drilling
Blasting
Loading of trucks
Truck travel
Fugitive dust loss from trucks
Dumping onto primary crusher
Primary, secondary, tertiary crushing
Screening
Transfer points on conveyor systems
Loading onto storage piles from conveyors
Windblown dust from stockpiles and open conveyors
Department of Environment, Malaysia

35. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Mitigation Measures
Some already discussed earlier
Common approach:
- Wet suppression system
- Dry collection system
Department of Environment, Malaysia

36. Agglomerative Wet Suppression System
- Use atomizing nozzles
- Water spray pressures
Exceeding 14 atm (200 psi)
Department of Environment, Malaysia

37. Wet Suppression System Department of Environment, Malaysia
Applicable for both process and
fugitive dust emission
Efficiency: Greater than 70%
Need to enclose dust generation
sources
Department of Environment, Malaysia

38. Examples of Enclosure Types/Forms Department of Environment, Malaysia
Transfer Points
A head box with inlet strip curtain
A seal on underside of feeder belt
Tight chute with a rock box
Tight skirt board for the entire length
of the belt cover
Strip curtain fitted at the front and back discharges of the cover
Department of Environment, Malaysia

39. Enclosure Types/Forms…(cont.) Department of Environment, Malaysia
Screens
Preferably, totally enclosed
If open, the feeder belt must be enclosed with
a head box extending out over the deck and distribution plate
A seal with rubber between deck and hopper
Department of Environment, Malaysia

40. Enclosure Types/Forms…(cont.) Department of Environment, Malaysia
Crushers
Rock box or vault under crusher, with
substantial volume
If no vault, the receiving belt must be skirted
Crusher month to be protected from wind by
wind screen
Department of Environment, Malaysia

41. Enclosure Types/Forms…(cont.) Department of Environment, Malaysia
Dump pockets and hoppers
Custom design enclosure
Hopper top - use of solid sheet material/
tarp fabric/wind fence material
Baffles or turning vans
Department of Environment, Malaysia

42. Department of Environment, Malaysia
DRY COLLECTION SYSTEM
Advantage:
- More efficient
Disadvantage:
- Capital intensive
- Power consumptive
- High maintenance
- Applicable only to sources which can
be enclosed
Department of Environment, Malaysia

43. Dry collection system consist of: Department of Environment, Malaysia
- Extraction system (hoods, ducting, fans)
- Bag house (filters; filtration velocity)
Department of Environment, Malaysia

44. Drilling for blast charge: Department of Environment, Malaysia
Use wet suppression system or
Hooding plus cyclone
Department of Environment, Malaysia

45. Crushing operation (primary, secondary, tertiary)
Primary Crushers
All crushers must be enclosed
Wet suppression system (spray above and
below crushers)
Crushers can be inter-linked with water
flow detectors
Department of Environment, Malaysia

46. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Secondary Crushers
Sources:
- transfer into crusher
- crusher itself
Dust control:
- enclosure
- vent though bag house
Department of Environment, Malaysia

47. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Screening and Material Transfer
Sources:
- Screens
- Transfer points
- Load outs (from hoppers and
conveyors)
Dust control:
- enclosure
- vent though bag house
Department of Environment, Malaysia

48. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Conveying
Control:
- Spraying with water or conditioning
agents at or below discharge points
from the conveyer
Department of Environment, Malaysia

49. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Stockpiling
Control:
- Storage bays
- Covers
- Water spraying (plus suppressants)
- Reduce fall height
- Use stone ladder
- Limit height of stockpile
- No open storage of material under 3 mm
- Stockpile at sheltered points
- Areas used by vehicles to be consolidated
or kept wet
Department of Environment, Malaysia

50. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Truck Out Areas
(From quarry site to public roadways)
Control:
Paving (minimum 30 m)
Use wash station
Department of Environment, Malaysia

51. Department of Environment, Malaysia
MAINTENANCE/ MONITORING AND RECORD KEEPING
Department of Environment, Malaysia

52. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Visible emission monitoring
Visible emission due to particle size range of 0.1 to 200 microns
Operator should monitor visible emission
Visual observation indicates effectiveness of dust control on site
Department of Environment, Malaysia

53. Other Dust Monitoring Techniques: Department of Environment, Malaysia
Use simple dust deposition
gages
Department of Environment, Malaysia

54. Record Keeping of Visible Department of Environment, Malaysia
Emission Monitoring
Keep a record of (in a log):
- Visible emission monitoring
activity
- Corrective actions taken
Department of Environment, Malaysia

55. Performance Monitoring of Air Pollution Control System
Performance monitoring and record keeping requirement for bag filters to follow the Guidance Document published by the DOE entitled:
Technical Guidance Document Series Number DOE APCS-II
“Technical Guidance on Performance Monitoring of Air Pollution Control systems”
Department of Environment, Malaysia

56. Performance Monitoring of Storm Water and Erosion &
Sediment Control Measures
Inspection required:
To ensure continued performance of storm
water and erosion control measures
Visual inspection during general
inspection round by quarry supervisor
Department of Environment, Malaysia

57. Storm Water and Erosion & Sediment Control Measures
Inspection frequency
- Every 7 days or
- within 24 hours after any storm event
greater than 1 cm of rain per 24 hours
period
Sampling conducted during/after storm
event
Department of Environment, Malaysia

58. Department of Environment, Malaysia
Record Keeping
Keep a log of:
- Visual inspection
- Sampling activity
- Corrective actions
Department of Environment, Malaysia

59. Department of Environment, Malaysia
CONCLUSION
Department of Environment, Malaysia

60. Department of Environment, Malaysia
CONCLUSION
A need for a new and comprehensive approach to environmental management in quarry industry in Malaysia
Best management practices/best available techniques are available to mitigate impacts to acceptable levels
Hence quarries and other land users can co-exist harmoniously
Department of Environment, Malaysia

61. Contact : sham@doe.gov.my Department of Environment, Malaysia
THAT'S ALL
&
THANK YOU
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Department of Environment, Malaysia