1. MEDIA OF PRESENTATION Arlinah IR Arlinah@petra.ac.id Surabaya, October 21, 2002

2. CLASS ACTIVITY Brainstorming Lectures Exercises discussion

3. TYPES AND PURPOSES OF PRESENTATIONS Promotional ( selling, marketing) Informational ( training) Down-line, up-line ( internal presentation ) TO PERSUADE

4. WHY USING MEDIA 43 % more likely to be persuaded ( UNIV OF MINNESOTA) Learning is improved up to 200 % ( UNIV OF WISCONSIN) Retention is improved up to 38 % ( HARVARD & COLUMBIA) Time to explain complex subject is reduced by 25 – 40 % ( WHARTON SCHOOL OF BUSINESS) More interesting More persuasive Better prepared More professional More credible SOURCE: Peoples, David A. Presentations plus

5. EFFECTIVE MEDIA Clarifying concepts or data Highlights most significant point Increasing audience retention Focusing audience attention Creating interest Stimulating thoughts Injecting humor

6. TYPES OF MEDIA 1 DISPLAY FORMATS :  CHALK BOARDS, WHITEBOARDS, FLIPCHARTS AUDIO MEDIA  CASSETTES, CDS NON-PROJECTED VISUALS REALIA, STILL PICTURES, GRAPHIC MATERIALS, REAL OBJECTS PROJECTED VISUALS OVERHEAD PROJECTION, FILMSTRIPS, SLIDES

7. TYPES OF MEDIA 2 VIDEO AND FILMS VIDEO, FILM, VCD, DVD ELECTRONIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS RADIO, TELEVISION COMPUTER-BASED MEDIA : PRESENTATION TOOLS : POWER POINT INTERNET-BASED : FRONTPAGE, DREAMWEAVER CAD, CD-ROM MULTIMEDIA KITS SOUND-SLIDES, CD ROM

8. MEDIA & PRODUCTION PREPARATION Real timeSimple prep.Complicated prep. Display format Audio media Non-projected visual Projected visual Video & films Electronic Distribution Games & simulations Computer-based Multimedia kits

9. MEDIA & TYPE OF COMMUNICATION One-wayTwo-ways ( interactive) Display format Audio media Non-projected visual Projected visual Video & films Electronic Distribution Games & simulations Computer-based Multimedia kits

10. CHARACTERISTICS OF DISPLAY FORMAT Economical Easy to prepare Effective for small group Lights on ( bright room) Atmosphere of informality Real time writing Facilitating interactivity/user participation, spontaneity Easy to change, add, keep current Difficult to save

11. CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED FORMATS ( ES. TRANSPARANCIES) Relatively economical Relatively easy to prepare Group up to 300 Lights on Atmosphere of informality Real time writing Facilitating interactivity/user participation Easy to maintain, kept current Convenient for travel Able to skip material Handouts available Easy to use Need a projector Keep facing the audience Damaged easily Professional looking ( if done properly)

12. CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED FORMATS - SLIDES RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE NEED SKILLS ON PHOTOGRAPHIES LIGHTS OFF FORMAL, IMPERSONAL CAN NOT BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED PICTURES NOT WORDS

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECTED FORMATS – FILMS, VIDEO, VCD, DVD RELATIVELY EXPENSIVE NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT AND USE EFFECTIVELY CAN NOT BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED REAL WORLD LARGE NUMBER OF AUDIENCE

14. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER- BASED MEDIA FORMATS – POWER POINT RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE THE COMPUTER AND USE EFFECTIVELY ( PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL SKILLS) CAN BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED WORDS, PICTURES, ANIMATED, SOUNDS EASY TO BE SAVED CONVENIENT FOR TRAVEL DISKETTES ARE EASILY DAMAGED

15. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER- BASED MEDIA FORMATS – WEB-BASED RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE NEED SPECIFIC SKILLS TO PREPARE, TO OPERATE THE COMPUTER AND USE EFFECTIVELY ( PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL SKILLS) CAN BE CHANGED/KEPT UPDATED EASILY MULTIMEDIA CONVENIENT FOR TRAVEL NEED INTERNET ACCESS NON STRUCTURED PRESENTATION ( HYPERLINK) NO LIMIT OF SPACE AND TIME INTERACTIVE

16. GOOD PRESENTATION simple, clear, short, right to the point One key point per page Not using complete sentence Consistency No full page of numbers Using graphs, charts, pictures and cartoons Using color ( at least 2, no more than 3) 50-85 % effective for selling 55 – 78 % accelerate learning, retention, recall 73 % improves and increases comprehension creative

17. SELECTING THE RIGHT MEDIA Messages/subject-matter of the content Objectives (introducing, motivating, training) Audiences ( age, gender, occupation/profession, educational level, learning style, skills, experiences, needs) Setting ( Group size, location, seating arrangement) Mood/atmosphere ( informal, formal, intense etc.) Resources ( equipments, facilities, costs) Time constraint ( preparation, usage) your skills, preferences, experiences

18. REFERENCES Arredondo, Lani. Business Presentations. New York : McGraw- Hill, 1994 Arredondo, Lani. How To Present Like a Pro: Getting People To See Things Your Way. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1991 Heinich, Robert. Instructional Media: and The New Technologies of Instruction. New York: Macmillan, 1990 Heller, David & Dorothy Heller. Multimedia Business Presentations. New York : McGraw-Hill, 1996 Peoples, David A. Presentations Plus. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1992

19. A good aid is like a window, it should not call attention to itself, it should just let in the light.