1. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Note to Instructor: Internet connection is required to access media assets. No connection? Request a CD/DVD for Wiley owned CyberPsych assets. The following Media-Enriched PowerPoint slides include the core concepts and key terms of Chapter 3 in Psychology in Action (8e). Before presenting these slides, delete all instructor information slides by pressing “delete” on your keyboard. These slides also include links to simulations, animations, and resources on the World Wide Web (www). Please return to this Instructor Companion Site for frequent updates and replacements of broken links.

2. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Note to Instructor (Continued): Media-Rich Assets WWW Links are dispersed throughout the PowerPoint slides where appropriate and are indicated by this icon: CyberPsych: Animations are Wiley owned and placed throughout this presentation. The animations are indicated by this icon: CyberPsych: Psychology in the News Video Clips are also Wiley owned and placed throughout this presentation. The video clips are indicated by this icon:

3. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Note to Instructor (Continued): If you prefer a different background color or design, click on the upper right corner under “design” and select an alternative template. To further personalize and enrich your presentation, check the Psychology in Action (8e) Instructor Companion Site at www.wiley.com/college/huffman for supplemental figures, tables, key terms, etc.Psychology in Action (8e) www.wiley.com/college/huffman

4. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Each topic on the Lecture Outline slide (#6) has been linked for your convenience. When in “presentation mode,” simply click on the topic and you will link directly to the slide(s) of interest. Enjoy! Finally, the last slide of each topic includes a “home” icon, which will return you to the original Lecture Outline slide. This feature enables you to present chapter topics in any order. Ease of navigation and flexibility in presentation are key elements of an Enriched PowerPoint in Action. Enjoy! Note to Instructor (Continued):

5. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Psychology in Action (8e) by Karen Huffman PowerPoint  Lecture Notes Presentation Chapter 3: Stress and Health Psychology Karen Huffman, Palomar College

6. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Lecture Overview Understanding Stress Stress and Illness Health Psychology in Action Health and Stress Management Health and Stress Management

7. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress What is Stress? – A nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it; – the arousal, both physical and mental, to situations or events that we perceive as threatening or challenging.

8. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress

9. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Cataclysmic Events: stressors that occur suddenly and generally affect many people simultaneously

10. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Chronic Stressors: ongoing, long lasting, unpleasant events

11. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Life Changes: life events that require some adjustment in behavior or lifestyle

12. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Hassles:: small, everyday problems that accumulate to become a source of stress

13. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Occupation Burnout:: state of psychological and physical exhaustion resulting from chronic exposure to high levels of stress and little personal control

14. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued) Frustration: unpleasant tension resulting from a blocked goal Conflict: forced choice between two or more incompatible goals or impulses

15. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Sources of Stress (Continued)  Three Types of Conflict Approach-Approach: forced choice between two or more desirable alternatives Avoidance-Avoidance: forced choice between two or more undesirable alternatives Approach-Avoidance: forced choice between two or more alternatives both having desirable and undesirable results

16. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress Sympathetic Nervous System HPA Axis Stress

17. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) Stress and the HPA Axis: Prolonged elevation of cortisol is related to:  increased depression, memory problems, etc.  impairment of the immune system, which leaves the body vulnerable to disease.

18. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) Stress and the Immune System Psychoneuroimmunology: interdisciplinary field that studies the effect of psychological factors on the immune system

19. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Understanding Stress: Effects of Stress (Continued) Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome 1. Alarm 2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion

20. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Stress and Illness Cancer: related to genetic predisposition and environmental factors Cardiovascular Disorders: related to stress hormones, certain personality types, and certain behaviors Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): anxiety disorder following extraordinary stress Gastric Ulcers: caused by bacteria or stress? Or both?

21. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Health Psychology in Action SocialPsychological Biological Health Psychology: studies how biological, psychological, and social factors affect health and illness (the biopsychosocial model)

22. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Health Psychology in Action Major Health Risks: 1. Tobacco 2. Alcohol and Binge Drinking 3. Chronic Pain (lasting over 6 months)

23. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Health and Stress Management Two major approaches to coping with stress: 1. Emotion-focused (changing one's perception of stressful situations) 2. Problem-focused (using problem- solving strategies to decrease or eliminate the source of stress)

24. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Health and Stress Management (Continued) Our emotional reaction to stress largely depends on how we interpret it.

25. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Health and Stress Management (Continued) Resources for Healthy Living 1. Health and Exercise 2. Positive Beliefs 3. Social Skills 4. Social Support 5. Material Resources 6. Control (Internal locus of control) 7. Relaxation

26. ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Psychology in Action (8e) by Karen Huffman PowerPoint  Lecture Notes Presentation End of Chapter 3: Stress and Health Psychology Karen Huffman, Palomar College