1. Thursday, February 3, 20001 Management of Information Systems: 45-870 Mini-3 Spring 2000

2. Thursday, February 3, 20002 Agenda Announcements Technology Byte Presentations Database Trends Telecommunications and Internetworking Technologies Information about Mid-Term

3. Thursday, February 3, 20003 Announcements Technology Byte Presentations Thursday (2/3): Section A: Digital Agents, Hyperlinks Section B: Alwin & the Chipmunks, Cash Money Brothers

4. Thursday, February 3, 20004 Announcements IT Exercise II due no later than midnight this Friday, 2/4/00 Submit one set of answers for your team You can email to me as an MS Word attachment or submit as hard copy Technology Byte Report Due on no later than midnight this Friday, 2/4/00 Submit as a web page linked to your team’s home page that you had created in the first IT exercise

5. Thursday, February 3, 20005 Technology Byte Presentations Section A: Digital Agents Hyperlinks Section B: Alwin & the Chipmunks Cash Money Brothers

6. Thursday, February 3, 20006 The Information Technology Platform: Building Blocks HARDWARE SOFTWARE & DATA TELECOMMUNICATIONS

7. Thursday, February 3, 20007 DATABASE TRENDS DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING: Multiple Geographical / Functional Systems Connected with Network Web Databases DISTRIBUTED DATABASE: Data Physically Stored in more than one Location PARTIONED DUPLICATE

8. Thursday, February 3, 20008 DATABASE TRENDS OBJECT- ORIENTED: Data and Procedures Stored Together; can be Retrieved, Shared HYPERMEDIA: Nodes Contain Text, Graphics, Sound, Video, Programs. Organizes Data as Nodes. MULTIDIMENSIONAL: 3D (or higher) Groupings to Store Complex Data

9. Thursday, February 3, 20009 DATABASE TRENDS DATA WAREHOUSE: Organization’s Electronic Library Stores Consolidated Current & Historic Data for Management Reporting & Analysis

10. Thursday, February 3, 200010 Network Server Network Server External Databases on the Internet & Online Services Client PC or NC Operational Databases of the Organization Analytical Databases of Critical Organization Data End User Databases Distributed Databases on Intranets & Other Networks Data Warehouse Databases in the IT Architecture

11. Thursday, February 3, 200011 The Information Technology Platform: Building Blocks HARDWARE SOFTWARE & DATA TELECOMMUNICATIONS

12. Thursday, February 3, 200012 Telecommunications Software Telecommunications Software 1 2 3 5 2 PCs, NCs, and Other Terminals 4 Computers Telecommunications Channels and Media Telecommunications Processors Basic Components in a Telecommunications Network

13. Thursday, February 3, 200013 Network Component Examples Media Processors Software Twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optics, microwave radio, communications satellites, cellular phone systems, radio, infrared Modems, multiplexers, switches, routers, hubs, gateways Network operating systems, telecommunications monitors, middleware Channels Analog/digital switched/nonswitched, circuit/message/packet/cell switching, bandwidth alternatives Topology/ Architecture Topology/ Architecture LAN, WAN, VAN, VPN, Client-Server, Internetworked Enterprise Telecommunications Components

14. Thursday, February 3, 200014 Telecommunications Media MEANS BY WHICH DATA ARE TRANSMITTED: TWISTED PAIR ( Copper Wires) COAXIAL CABLE: (Insulated Copper Wires) FIBER-OPTIC CABLE WIRELESS

15. Thursday, February 3, 200015 Telecommunications Processors Modems Multiplexers Switches Routers Hubs Gateways Examples: Typical use of Telecommunications Processors CMU’s use of Telecommunications Processors

16. Thursday, February 3, 200016 Communications Software Network Operating Systems Telecommunications Monitors Middleware

17. Thursday, February 3, 200017 Telecommunications Channels Analog vs. Digital Switched vs. non-switched Switching Alternatives Transmission Speed: Bits per Second (BPS) or Baud Bandwidth: Capacity of Channel; Difference between Highest & Lowest Frequencies

18. Thursday, February 3, 200018 Network Server Network Server Shared Database and Software Packages Shared Printer Internetwork Processor to Other Networks PC Telecommunications Topologies: Local Area Network (LAN)

19. Thursday, February 3, 200019 LAN Topologies HOST HOST USER USER STAR

20. Thursday, February 3, 200020 LAN Topologies BUS USER USER

21. Thursday, February 3, 200021 LAN Topologies USER USER RING

22. Thursday, February 3, 200022 Wide Area Network (WAN) NETWORK SPANS LARGE GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCES CAN INCLUDE CABLE, SATELLITE, MICROWAVE SWITCHED LINES: Route Determined by Current Traffic DEDICATED LINES: Constantly Available for High-Volume Traffic

23. Thursday, February 3, 200023 Value-Added Networks (VAN) and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) VANs: PRIVATE; MULTIPATH; DATA ONLY 3rd PARTY MANAGED USED BY SEVERAL ORGANIZATIONS SUBSCRIPTION BASIS VPNs:

24. Thursday, February 3, 200024 Client-Server Networks Distributes computing power End user PC or NC are clients Clients interconnected by LANS to network servers LANs interconnected to other LANs and WANs

25. Thursday, February 3, 200025 Inter-networks Brief History of the Internet ARPANET, 1969 ARPANET & Milnet, 1980s = “the Internet” NSFNET, 1986 ARPANET retired 1990 Web users, 1996 = 25 million Web users, 2000 > 160 million Internet vs. Web

26. Thursday, February 3, 200026 Connecting to the Internet How to connect: phone cable satellite LAN Types of connection services: Internet connection providers (ISPs) Proprietary Content Providers (AOL)

27. Thursday, February 3, 200027 Internet Characteristics Open standards and protocols (TCP/IP) Asynchronous transmission of data: ROUTER Information Packets Header Destination IP Address

28. Thursday, February 3, 200028 Internet Bandwidth What is bandwidth important for the Internet? Internet Technology Bandwidths and Uses Modem ISDN Ethernet LAN Leased Lines (T1 and T3) ATM

29. Thursday, February 3, 200029 Internet Security Internet Commerce Encryption and Digital Certificates Firewalls

30. Thursday, February 3, 200030 Organizational Uses of Internetworking Technologies Intranet Extranet

31. Thursday, February 3, 200031 The Internet Company Intranets Customer Supplier Intranet Other Company Locations Extranet The Inter-networked Enterprise

32. Thursday, February 3, 200032 More electronic commerce, enterprise collaboration, online business operations etc. via networks More vendors, carriers, alliances, and network services,accelerated by deregulation & Internet Growth More Internet, interconnected local & global digital networks, improved transmission channels Industry Trends Technology Trends Application Trends Telecommunications Trends

33. Thursday, February 3, 200033 Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Logistics and Location can use laptops in GSIA 152 or use PCs in ELC or manually write answers in blue books we will use the network printer for printing ELC is reserved so you can print your answers there

34. Thursday, February 3, 200034 Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Format: you will have 90 minutes to complete it, excluding print time this is an individual, not team effort Be sure to: ATQ: answer the question! Be very specific and precise in your answers – general or vague answers will not receive full credit open book, open note, open network, except: NO E-MAILING TO CLASSMATES TO SHARE ANSWERS !!

35. Thursday, February 3, 200035 Questions: consists of 4-6 short answer questions and 1-2 longer answer questions Questions have multiple parts short answer questions are technical (i.e., definitions) and longer answer questions are application oriented (i.e., like in-class exercises, homework exercises, etc.) Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8

36. Thursday, February 3, 200036 Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Some Sample Technical Questions: What are some important trends in micro-processors? Will micro-processor performance continue to improve dramatically? Why or why not? How is a relational database different than a traditional “flat” file? Provide a specific example to illustrate your answer. What is the difference between a network computer and a personal computer? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? How is a primary key different from a concatenated key different from a foreign key? Provide examples to illustrate. What is normalization? Why is it important to normalize? Provide an example to illustrate. What is the difference between a LAN and a WAN? In what situations would a company prefer to use a LAN? a WAN? What is middleware and why is it an important technology for organizations?

37. Thursday, February 3, 200037 Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Some Sample Application Questions: Consider the IT called “artificial intelligence”. What is artificial intelligence? Describe how you think this IT will change business in the future. What are the business opportunities of this IT? What are the primary dangers, threats, or business challenges associated with this IT? Describe an effective process for companies to use in creating web pages in their intra/inter/extra/nets. That is, should they centralize or de-centralize the design, development, implementation and maintenance? Should they use an HTML generator or code HTML by hand? Should they standardize or allow autonomy in web design? Justify your choices.

38. Thursday, February 3, 200038 Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 Preparation and Review Covers material: Discussed or presented in class In Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7 of text In handouts (e.g., database handout, FrontPage handouts) On Course Web Site In in-class exercises Suggest outlining or organizing your material so you know where to find things during the exam

39. Thursday, February 3, 200039 Mid-Term Exam: Feb. 8 If you are unable to take the exam on Feb. 8 you must notify me no later than Feb. 7, 2000 and explain why you cannot take the exam. I must excuse you, and we will set up a date and time for make up of the exam. Note that the make-up exam will have different questions than the exam administered in class Unexcused absences will result in a grade of zero on the exam