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Making Mobile Backhaul 4G Ready

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Presentation on theme: "Making Mobile Backhaul 4G Ready"— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Making Mobile Backhaul 4G Ready
Delivering Transitional Mobile Backhaul Solutions

3 Enabling Mobile Broadband ADTRAN Mobile Backhaul Leadership
Leadership in enabling mobile services over any access Dominant T1 backhaul provider in U.S.A. TDM (HDSLx), SONET(OPTI-6100), Ethernet (NetVanta/TA5000) Copper, Fiber, Microwave Focused on Ethernet backhaul for demanding IP services Ethernet over Fiber, GPON Resilient architectures Advanced Cos/ QoS features Innovation to drive down cost of delivering IP and legacy services Integrated tools/function to reduce cost Automated installation processes Simplified operational models Packet/ Ethernet based timing History of helping mobile service providers facilitate new service delivery, regardless of Access type Dominant Market share leader for HDSL technology (T1 access) as sole supplier to all Top 8 U.S. LECs, RBOCs Driving migration to Ethernet-based services e.g. LTE Optical Ethernet Access --- NetVanta 8044 GPON Access, Ring Access --- ONT and ERPS Timing over Packet --- Adaptive timing via PWE3, Future SyncE and 1588v2 paths Innovation geared at Driving down the Expense of delivering New IP and Existing TDM services Backhaul Pre-qualification tools ---TScan Packaging and Power --- NetVanta 838 OSP (outside plant to remove requirement for expensive cabinets, OPTI-SMX wallmount requires no rack space to install. TDM Fault Management --- M13 with suite of loopback tools MX2800/2820 TDM/SONET Optimization --- M13 to allow DS3 and OC3 breakout for fiber and microwave; Pseudowire Carrier Ethernet --- EoCu, EoTDM, EoF 3

4 Mobile Broadband is here 10X bandwidth w/o corresponding profit
Mobile TV is here i.TV 2.0 for iPhone coming soon Enjoy full NBC videos on your iPhone CBS releases TV.com iPhone app Hulu coming to the iPhone? 4G technology being deployed Rivals Wireline Broadband speeds VzW deploying LTE Sprint/Clearwire WiMAX All WSP have 4G plans for TV program watched on Smart Phone Evolution from 2G  3G  4G

5 Mobile Broadband hammers Profitability Data usage way up; disproportionate ARPU
Revenue and OpEx were once linear. Voice and text messages drove majority of current revenue as well as majority of backhaul impact. All you can Eat Pricing Models drives demand to lower cost per bit delivered to user Revenue per bit delivered is driven to lowest levels. Significantly expand data capacity to enable new devices, services and applications  ARPU growth LTE is 1st generation wireless network built as a data network All-you-can-eat Pricing Lots of ‘fat’ users Reliance on TDM leasing Copper dominance 1-2 E1/T1  4-6E1/T1  E1/T1 DS3 popular, sustainable? Mbps per cell site becoming requirement LTE the back-breaker? Source: Light Reading

6 Demand for Next-Gen Mobile Backhaul Ethernet Access Missing link to Profitability
Wireless (Mobile) Network Operators moving to Packet-networks drive down Operational Cost Core Networks and Applications Infrastructure have moved to packet, IP/MPLS upgrades. First Packet-based RF technologies being deployed at cell sites Mobile Backhaul Access last hold-out to All-Packet Network Realization 100s or 1000s of Base Stations served LTE is Packet IMS and EPC are packet Mobile Backhaul (Access) Connection needs to be Packet Mobile Telephone Switching Offices (MTSO)

7 Hybrid Backhaul Model Baby step toward All-IP Convergence
Key backhaul transformation required for 4G (LTE) LTE forecast to be 80%+ of traffic, 50 – 100Mbps required Desire to freeze, decouple TDM leased line growth Leaves Voice Network Undisturbed - Revenue Protection No changes to Network Timing, Operational Processes Service Cell Site Access & Aggregation Central Office/Mobile Core TDM/SDH PSTN Circuit Core On this new chart we look at the concept of Hybrid Backhaul Model also known as HSDPA or 1xEV-DO Offload – named for the 4G technologies the concept targets. READ CHART How best to deliver solutions to offload growing pakcet based services from the strained TDM networks but de-risk the current key business being well served by TDM. 2G 3G Two Networks IP/Ethernet 4G Packet Core Internet PDSN Access: 2G: T1/E1 (PDH) 3G: ATM IMA/PDH 3G: ML-PPP/PDH 4G: Ethernet over X Aggregation: 2G: SDH/FIber 3G: ATM/SDH 3G: ML-PPP/SDH 4G: Ethernet over GE Fiber Cost /bit Backhaul HA Scale

8 Key Attributes for an Ethernet NTU Robust enough for Mobile Backhaul
Low Cost/Scalable Bandwidth Ethernet over Fiber (EoF) – first choice 4G/LTE Bandwidth, 100Mbps+ 10x increase in data rate, 1Gbps through-put available Time to Market for Service Ubiquity, Every cell site must be served launch EoF not everywhere, can use alternative EoX Allows Services Convergence Path to all-packet architecture Retire leased lines, integral sync capabilities SLA Management CoS support e.g. Real-time vs. Best-Effort Resiliency 99.99% service availability Hardened for cell site deployment Robust operating range, metallic interface protection All-IP Low Cost/Scalable To most people this means Ethernet, AND this means Fiber Not TDM or SONET (But many are rethinking this due to innovation) 4G/LTE Bandwidth, 10x increase in data rate, through-put available 100Mbps with path to 300Mbps as more RF carriers added for growth Guaranteed CIR. Some this means EoS circuits not VLANs Available today or soon, EoF not everywhere 4G services are rolling out now and over the next 3 years. To many this means Ethernet over SONET (Carrier Ethernet is nascent) Path to All-packet architecture, Desire to have leased lines retired Timing over Packet e.g. SyncE and/or 1588v2 Support for legacy 2G and 3G services backhaul e.g. CES or PWE3 SLA Management, CoS support e.g. Real-time vs. Best-Effort 4/8 CoS Queues to separate and manage different flows (eNB QCI map) OAM mechanisms for troubleshooting and network planning Resiliency, High availability (99.99%) Redundant Power, Resilient links, Diverse paths Cell site Approved In BTS or eNB enclosures Single RMU in size In CO or Street Cabinet NEBS, IEC compliance In uncontrolled environments Temperature hardened Near Tower Surge protected/isolated interfaces e.g. cell site is a lightning rod No space, rack or GR-487 cabinet Rack as well as wall mounting options OSP options +24V & -48VDC powering options Resilient, Dual feed powering 8 8

9 A Cell site is not a Wiring Closet Flexible mounting/powering options
In BTS or eNB enclosures Single RMU in size In CO or Street Cabinet NEBS, IEC compliance In uncontrolled environments Temperature hardened Near Tower Surge protected/isolated interfaces e.g. cell site is a lightning rod No space, rack or GR-487 cabinet Rack as well as wall mounting options OSP options +24V & -48VDC powering options Resilient, Dual feed powering LTE eNB Enhanced Protection on Data Interfaces DS1 Isolation and surge protection Electrical Ethernet interfaces isolation and surge protection Protect against voltage surge and ground potential rise GR 1089 Issue 4 for Type 4 equipment port defines 2.5kv isolation Powering Options Redundant +24/-48VDC version 24VDC prevalent at cell site installations Redundant power feeds mandatory Redundant power supplies highly desirable GR 1089 Issue 4 Type 8 protection Grounding via Post & Lug type connection OSP EAD

10 Fiber cell sites grow in all regions
The number and portion of cell sites with fiber grows in each region in each year through 2013, and won’t stop there

11 EoCu, EoTDM, EoF, EoS equals EoX Completing the customer reach puzzle
EoCu – Ethernet over Copper Optimized bandwidth per loop Perfect for short to medium length loops Requires local deployments & loop access EoTDM – Ethernet over TDM Predictable bandwidth per circuit Time to Market effective deployments Minimizes CapEx by centralizing aggregation platform EoF - Ethernet over Fiber Active Ethernet for higher rate business services PON for cost-effective SOHO service offer EoS - Ethernet over SONET/SDH Outstanding reputation Resiliency Proven TDM/Synchronization for mobile backhaul Ethernet over SONET Outstanding reputation Resiliency TDM/Synchronization for mobile backhaul

12 Same service, Varied Deployments 10Mbps to 1Gbps Service Delivery
Outdoor, Copper-fed Mobile Exchange BTS/Node B Total Access 5000 Carrier Ethernet Aggregation NetVanta 838 OSP NTU Up to 8 pairs e.SDHSL Copper Typical 10, 20, 30, 40Mbps Carrier Ethernet via GigE Mobile Exchange Total Access 5000 Carrier Ethernet Aggregation BTS/Node B NetVanta 8044 Ethernet Access Device (EAD) Carrier Ethernet via GigE 100Mbps or GE Optical Fiber Indoor, Fiber-fed

13 Carrier Ethernet Service Coverage Uncontrolled Environmental Conditions
Key Application is Mobile Backhaul GR-487 Compliant Hardening and Environmental sealed Outside Plant (OSP) Options Enhanced Protection (EP) for Lightning Isolation for WAN, LAN and Power interfaces Environmental Alarming NetVanta 838 EP NetVanta 838 OSP

14 Key Attributes for an Ethernet NTU Robust enough for Mobile Backhaul
Low Cost/Scalable Bandwidth Ethernet over Fiber (EoF) – first choice 4G/LTE Bandwidth, 100Mbps+ 10x increase in data rate, 1Gbps through-put available Time to Market for Service Ubiquity, Every cell site must be served launch EoF not everywhere, can use alternative EoX Allows Services Convergence Path to all-packet architecture Retire leased lines, integral sync capabilities SLA Management CoS support e.g. Real-time vs. Best-Effort Resiliency 99.99% service availability Hardened for cell site deployment Robust operating range, metallic interface protection All-IP Low Cost/Scalable To most people this means Ethernet, AND this means Fiber Not TDM or SONET (But many are rethinking this due to innovation) 4G/LTE Bandwidth, 10x increase in data rate, through-put available 100Mbps with path to 300Mbps as more RF carriers added for growth Guaranteed CIR. Some this means EoS circuits not VLANs Available today or soon, EoF not everywhere 4G services are rolling out now and over the next 3 years. To many this means Ethernet over SONET (Carrier Ethernet is nascent) Path to All-packet architecture, Desire to have leased lines retired Timing over Packet e.g. SyncE and/or 1588v2 Support for legacy 2G and 3G services backhaul e.g. CES or PWE3 SLA Management, CoS support e.g. Real-time vs. Best-Effort 4/8 CoS Queues to separate and manage different flows (eNB QCI map) OAM mechanisms for troubleshooting and network planning Resiliency, High availability (99.99%) Redundant Power, Resilient links, Diverse paths Cell site Approved In BTS or eNB enclosures Single RMU in size In CO or Street Cabinet NEBS, IEC compliance In uncontrolled environments Temperature hardened Near Tower Surge protected/isolated interfaces e.g. cell site is a lightning rod No space, rack or GR-487 cabinet Rack as well as wall mounting options OSP options +24V & -48VDC powering options Resilient, Dual feed powering 14 14

15 Mobile Backhaul Convergence
Service Cell Site Access & Aggregation Central Office Core 2G, 3G Voice Clock Sync PSTN IAD TDM/SONET 2G EAD/NTE 3G Internet 4G Ethernet TA5000 2G, 3G, 4G Data PSTN IAD 2G 2G, 3G Voice EAD/NTE 2G, 3G Voice Clock Sync 3G Internet 4G Ethernet 2G, 3G, 4G Data TA5000

16 Pseudowire and Circuit Emulation Required for all-IP backhaul
Bridge 2G, 3G services a.k.a Circuit Emulation or Pseudowire ATM IMA (UMTS) support TDM (GSM, CDMA) support ML-PPP (EV-DO, HSPA) support SAToP DS1 or E1 over Packet ITU Y.1453, RFC 4553, MEF 8 CESoPSN DSO visibility ITU Y.1453, IETF pwe3-cesopsn, MEF 8 ATM IMA over E1/T1 Backhaul over SAToP ATM PW saves DCS ports

17 Traditional Network Timing Distro Sync Networks Deliver … Sync
Traditional Network Timing Distro Sync Networks Deliver … Sync. Very well. ;p GNSS/GPS Primary Reference Source Frequency Phase Time-of-Day T1/E1 Secondary Reference Source Traceability There are valid reasons to move away from TDM and SDH to Packet networks, a demand for a better network timing distribution solution was not one of them SONET/SDH Network SONET/SDH or PDH T1/E1 SONET/SDH Frequency 17 17

18 Three Aspects of Synchronization
Frequency This is what SONET/SDH delivers today All that’s needed for the vast majority of network services Synchronous Ethernet is an excellent replacement for SONET/SDH based sync distribution Phase Required by Time Division Duplex (TDD) based mobile solutions Beyond the capabilities of PHY based sync distribution (SONET/SDH or SyncE) Today, typically delivered by GPS/Satellite 1588v2 can provide this requirement in band Time-of-Day Required for a CDMA2000 operation

19 Key: Not Breaking the Sync Chain Considerations of Migrating Standards
Timing Standard Entire Path is Sync Aware it delivers… Implication of non-Sync-aware node SONET/SDH/PDH Frequency Sync Path Broken Adaptive/Differential Not dependent on full NE awareness to pass sync Synchronous Ethernet GPS/Satellite Phase Time-of-Day 1588v2 Dependent upon number of ‘unaware hops’ and network loading

20 Clock Synchronization/Recovery Requirements
Precision Timing Protocol defined by IEEE 1588v2 Synchronous Ethernet defined by ITU-T G.8261/8262 ADTRAN Differential and Adaptive timing methods defined by ADTRAN pseudowire solution implementation/specifications Table 1: Sync Requirements in Mobile Networks (ON-SITE* error limits) Technology Frequency limit* Phase limit Time of Day Limit GSM, WCDMA FDD, LTE FDD +/- 16 ppb on site +/- 50 ppb on air +/- 5 us Ref to BTS +/- 10us BTS to BTS None WCDMA TDD, LTE TDD +/- 1.25us Ref to BTS +/- 2.5us BTS to BTS WiMAX +/- 1.0us BTS to BTS CDMA +/- 3.0 us *Note: on-site (to the BTS/NodeB) limits shown not on air limits such as +/- 50 ppb

21 Service Assurance Higher Availability Business Continuity
SLA Attributes Considered Long-term availability Switchover/recovery options Remote Cabinet Aggregation for Increased Copper Data Rate ITU-T G EFM Bonding with Redundant Loops LACP for Network Resiliency Fiber Access Central Office/Exchange Aggregation at Ethernet Point of Presence Small Business or Suburban Base Station Ring Protection Switching for Access Resiliency Metro Base Station Multi-Tenant Building eSHDSL 1 eSHDSL 2 eSHDSL 3 eSHDSL 4 eSHDSL 5 eSHDSL 6 eSHDSL 7 eSHDSL 8 UNI Bonding Group Enabling Standards/Technology IEEE 802.3ad (LACP) Link Agg. Control Protocol ITU-T G.8032 (ERPS) Ethernet Ring Protection ITU-T G.998.2/IEEE 802.3ah Copper Bonding Protection 21

22 Quality of Experience (QoE) Delivering Low Latency, Jitter
ADTRAN Carrier Ethernet solutions incorporate the following features to support latency sensitive traffic requirements. Ingress traffic mapping/ prioritization based on port, customer VLAN or p-bit marking. Up to 8 Class of Service queues per port Strict and Weighted Fair Queuing Priority based rate shaping on egress ports

23 Service Level Agreement Requirements
Table 2: SLA requirements for Mobile Networks (error limits) SLA attribute MUST support SHOULD support 2-way Latency (ms) 10 <5 Jitter (ms) +/- 1 BER & FER & 10-6 10-11 & 10-7 Availability (%) 99.99 99.999 MTTR (Hrs) 4 2 Failover (ms) 50(150 for Voice) 50

24 CIR and EIR Bandwidth Profiles Configurable, Guaranteed Connections
Total UNI Bandwidth Confugurable BW profiles per EVC CIR – Committed Information Rate Frame delivery obligation per SLA EIR – Excess Information Rate Excess frame delivery allowed – not subject to SLA if available CBS, EBS - size of burst window (ms) for allowed CIR / EIR rates EVC1 CIR EIR EVC2 EVC3 2 rate, 3 Colour marking Marking typically done at ingress port of service provider equipment Green Forwarded frames – CIR conforming traffic Yellow Discard Eligible frames – Over CIR , within EIR Red Discarded frames – Exceeds EIR Application Per UNI port Per EVC Per CoS on an EVC Committed Information Rate (CIR) Excess Information Rate (EIR) Configurable CIR and EIR settings 100 Kbps steps up to 2 Mbps; 1Mbps steps beyond 2 Mbps steps up to 10Mbps; 2 Mbps steps beyond 10Mbps and up to 50Mbps 5 Mbps steps beyond 50Mbps and up to 100 Mbps 50 Mbps steps beyond 100Mpbs and up to 1Gbps 500 Mbps steps beyond 1Gbps Configurable Burst through EBS, CBS settings

25 Configurable Weighted Fair Queuing Any set of 4 or 8 Queues (EF, 2 or 6 AF, BE)
TA5000 AM and NV8044M Ingress Ports P Configurable for up to 8 queues Egress shaping done here Per port and / or per port per queue N*64 kbps granularity P User-1 Classifier P P EF P P P P Assign To Queues Based On Class of Service AF User-2 Classifier P Strict/ WRR P Expedited Forwarding queue handled as strict priority Assured Forwarding queues support configurable queue weights for control of egress traffic handling under congestion Best Effort queue supported . P Egress Port P . P P User-N BE Classifier P P P P EF=expedited forwarding AF=assured forwarding BE=best effort

26 Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) Performance Management
ADTRAN Ethernet OAM IEEE 802.1ag ITU-T Y.1731 Detection Notification Verification Isolation IETF TWAMP Delay Jitter Loss IEEE 802.3ah Link OAM Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) Performance Management Multiple paths for both Fault & Performance Management

27 Quick Reference Guide – EthOAM
Standard Protocol/Mechanism Detection – There is a loss of signal 802.1ag/Y.1731 ETH-CC Loss of connectivity Unintended connectivity between two MAs or within an MA; Incorrect MD Level or period 802.3ah Link monitoring Loss of link Failure to receive Information OAMPDU Standard Protocol/Mechanism Notification – Fault triggers 802.1ag/Y.1731 RDI bit of CCM Loss of CCMs Y.1731 ETH-AIS Loss of CCMs Local defect E-LMI Status EVC change 802.3ah RFI bit of OAMPDU Link Fault; Dying Gasp; Critical Event Event Notification Threshold crossing Standard Protocol Fault Verification – Has the circuit failed? 802.1ag ETH-LB Verify connectivity between two MEPs Y.1731 Verify connectivity between one MEP & all peer MEPs Standard Protocol Fault Isolation - Where has the circuit failed? 802.1ag/Y.1731 ETH-LT Determine points of reach Discover MIPs

28 ADTRAN Operations Environment
Intelligent Service Activation Application awareness OSS integration via Robust Modular Gateway/Network Automation Interface (TL1/XML) Strong Decision Support Fault Response Advanced testing, troubleshooting and diagnostics Flexible Integrated Security Advanced PM, Traffic and Capacity Management Performance Monitoring/Trending Traffic Engineering/Network Tuning VQM/DQM All ADTRAN management resources leveraged to meet common service oriented management architecture Fully Integrated from Planning to Operations to Customer Service 28

29 Barrier to Next-Gen Mobile Backhaul Lack of Single, Simple Operational Model
Lack of Fiber to Cell sites Less than 20% penetration Lack of Single, Simple Operational Solutions: Need the new T1. Many different ad hoc Operational models for different mobile models TDM ATM Microwave Fiber DS DS3 SONET/SDH

30 A Single Centralized Solution Single Platform, Common OAM&P, Full Coverage
Single Service and Maintenance Launch Point Full suite of dedicated, low cost Ethernet Access Gateway for every access medium

31 Increased Bandwidth Demand
Hybrid Copper / Fiber NetVanta Fiber trench can be time, cost prohibitive TA5000 10/100/1000 Mbps Initial EoCu provides time-to-market and revenue capture Planned EoF facility Initial EoCu Facility provides diverse path EoF facility available Increased Bandwidth Demand ADTRAN NetVanta 8044M Modular NTE Customer Interfaces/ Services remain untouched No secondary site visit to install/commision EoF service No re-provisioning of service. Service/SLA transparency ‘One-button’ service push; Bandwidth on Demand Service Accelerated Time To Market for 100Mbps 4G/LTE/NGMN Graceful Path to Fiber Access

32 Introducing Modular Ethernet Access Delivering the New T1 (and E1)
Complete Vision of Single Operational Model Single Service and Maintenance Launch Point Single, Versatile, High Value Ethernet Access Gateway for every access medium One of the industry’s most versatile solutions, the NetVanta 8044M allows service providers to minimize the operational churn required to transition from legacy to next-generation services, access and network synchronization methods as the demand for mobile broadband networks drive the transformation to IP and Ethernet with the deployment of new technologies, such as Long-term Evolution (LTE). At the cell site, the ADTRAN NetVanta 8044M, delivers intelligent Ethernet services. The comprehensive solution delivers QoS-based Ethernet services while supporting transition from legacy TDM service via pseudowire standards as well as delivering a robust clock recovery mechanism over packet-based access. Modularity makes this solution unique, allowing it to be the only device on the market today that can enable carriers to terminate copper, fiber and bonded TDM services economically from a single platform. The ADTRAN NetVanta 8044M Ethernet Access Device meets virtually every need of a multi-access, next-generation, mobile backhaul network. The NetVanta 8044M works in concert with the Total Access to allow an operator to universally aggregate and deliver Ethernet and TDM services over a plethora of access methods. The key value on the solution is the common operational model that greatly simplifies the deployment and migration of Ethernet services delivery over various interim access methods. Operators reduce the time to market for LTE services by leveraging the gamut of Ethernet access technologies: Ethernet over Fiber (GPON, Point to Point and Ring-based Ethernet) bonded copper access using e.SHDSL and VDSL2/ADSL2+ technologies as well as Ethernet delivery over bonded circuit access using both EFM and GFP-based TDM and SONET/SDH interfaces.

33 Introducing the NetVanta 8044M
TA port Gigabit Ethernet Access Module 8 GigE SFP cages Link Aggregation Link OAM NetVanta 8044M 4 -10/100/1000BaseT WAN or LAN 4 - GigE SFP WAN or LAN 2 - Expansion Slots 1 and 2.5G ERPS Ring support with optical bypass option. Clock Sync over Packet Ready e.g. G.8261/62 SyncE Dual fed DC options (+/-24V, -48V DC) Carrier Ethernet MEF 9, 14, 18 Eth OAM CFM and PM TACASC+ and RADIUS Authentication, Authorization 8-port GigE Access Module NetVanta 8044M Modular NTE 33 33

34 NetVanta 8044M Expansion Modules
TDM over Packet Service Delivery CESoPSN, SAToP, MEF8 standards GR-1089 Metallic Isolation GPON Access 2.5Gbps Fixed Optics OMCI & Carrier Ethernet Mgmt Ethernet over Copper Access Ethernet over Copper (ULL) ITU-T G Bonding (45Mbps) Other Expansion Modules for Phase II 2-port OC3/12 STM1/4 Access 8-port DS1/E1 GFP Access 8-port 10/100 BaseT Service 4-port VDLS2 Access 1-port DS3 GFP Access 8-port DS1/E1 CES Service Module GPON ONU Network Module 8-port e.SHDSL Network Module NetVanta 8044M Modular NTE

35 GigE to the Cell Site Service Expansion to Multiple WSP
Carrier Ethernet Network Central Office/ Exchange GigE 10/100/1000 8xDS1 & Clock Sync Cell Site 8 port EoFiber AM CWDM Modular NTE NV8044M NetVanta 8044M 8 port PW Service Module DS1 2xGE or 2x10GE TA5000 MSAP

36 GPON to the Cell Site Justifying FTTH to Low Density Areas

37 Mobile Backhaul ERPS Application Drop & Continue Ethernet & TDM service
SyncE Continue Down Stream Remainder of 1Gbps or 2.5Gbps ERPS Ring Capacity From Up Stream 1Gbps or 2.5Gbps ERPS Ring Drop Customer 1 – 1000 Mbps Ethernet Service - E.G. avg. 150Mbps Drop Customer TDM DS1/E1 Service Any to any ELAN 1-500Mbps Ethernet Up to 64 nodes 1-16 x DS1/E1 1- 16 x DS1/E1 1-16 x DS1/E1 1-500Mbps Ethernet typical 1/2.5Gbps ERPS Ring 3Gbps LAG 3rd party Eth Switch 3Gbps LAG 4Gbps LAG via TA port GigE AM OR CES traffic

38 Barriers to Packet-backhaul
Fiber/Ethernet availability, weak Ethernet business case, and lack of confidence in packet-based solutions hold back lower cost solutions Source: Infonetics 2009 ADTRAN solutions focused on eliminating these barriers

39 Question and Answers 39


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