1. Bluetooth and java – a perfect match? Sean O Sullivan ceo Nordic Bluetooth, October 5th, 2001

2. overview Introduction to Java Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) The Standard Java Bluetooth APIs Jini and Javaspaces: Service Discovery JXTA : Peer to Peer

3. Introduction to Java Java is both a language and a platform Language + Object oriented + No pointers + Compiled to Bytecode + Executes on a Virtual Machine (VM) Wherever a VM can go – so can Java The VM aspect of Java underpins the platform

4. Java 2 platform technologies

5. why care about java – especially j2me? Momentum in the wireless world + over 30% developers using Java for wireless Application Development(*) + Equipment vendors backing it –Nokia : 150M Java Phones next 2 years –Siemens : Phones, PDAs – shipping now –Motorola : Phones, PDAs – shipping now Java complements Bluetooth + provides core abstractions for service discovery, peer-to- peer and ad-hoc networking (see later) * Source: Evans Data Corporation, 2000

6. Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) : platform for wireless Focus: Wireless and Embedded Composed of + Configurations + Profiles Configuration + Minimum set of classes and VM features that must be present for a category of devices Profile + Targeted at Application Developers + Layered on top of Configurations + APIs for a particular set of devices

7. configurations and profiles Connected Device Configuration (CDC) Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) PDA Profile (PDAP) Java 2 Micro Edition

8. CLDC is a subset of CDC J2SE CDC CLDC

9. J2ME architecture: key elements Profile + API exposing the functionality on a specific class of target devices, and necessary to support a particular set of services Optional Package + API exposing a specific functionality; includes a list of API dependencies; must be deployed with a profile that supports the dependencies Configuration + the minimal sized, pre –existing profile defined for the specific VM it is deployed against

10. CDC Targeted for devices that have + 2 MB or more total available memory + Memory dedicated to J2ME environment + More than 2 MB ROM/Flash + More than 512 KB RAM + Network connectivity Full Java 2 VM specification (CVM)

11. smallest consumer devices – CLDC and MIDP Smallest mobile information devices + Cell phones, pagers, some PDAs,... + Small screens—approximately 100x100 + Limited battery life / low power consumption + 128K to 512KB for J2ME environment and applications + 16/32 bit processor + Connectivity to some network, often not IP, intermittent

12. CLDC and MIDP CLDC provides + A fast, small footprint virtual machine (the KVM) + A stripped down Java API subset MIDP provides + A set of User Interface components + A persistence mechanism + A HTTP connection capability A PDA Profile is being worked on (chaired by Palm) For use in mobile phones, PDAs and other handheld mobile devices.

13. standard Bluetooth APIs in Java – JSR82 Java Community Process (JCP) + Issues Java Specification Requests (JSRs) JSR82 + Expert group to define Standardised Bluetooth APIs for Java + Goal: standardize a set of APIs to allow Java technology- enabled devices to integrate into a Bluetooth environment + Chaired by Motorola + Other members: Rococo Software, Ericsson, Nokia, Extended Systems, … Due for completion end 2001

14. JSR82 – benefits for Bluetooth Portability of code + Standard API allows same code to work on different devices, different Bluetooth Stacks Increases Bluetooth Adoption, reduces time-to-application + Code in Java versus C, C++ + World’s fastest-growing Dev Community –2.5M Java developers worldwide

15. JSR82 Target Platform + Devices for the J2ME™ platform + API will depend ONLY on CLDC APIs + Use CLDC Generic Connection Framework + APIs will work on all platforms that have/will have Generic Connection Framework

16. support for profiles Number of Bluetooth Profiles keeps growing + API will provide support for the fundamental profiles –GAP –SDAP –Serial Port –GOEP (generic object exchange protocol) + API assumes Bluetooth stack supports these fundamentla profiles

17. JSR82 profile support API to expose core layers and basic profiles + 1. RFCOMM/SPP + 2. SDP/SDAP + 3. L2CAP + 4. GAP/HCI/Device Management + 5. GOEP

18. CLDC and Bluetooth architecture

19. CLDC and MIDP and Bluetooth architecture

20. JSR82 status Version 0.5 in September Community Review—Oct/Nov Public Review—Nov/Dec Release 1.0 - Jan 2001 (estimated) JSR and specification + http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/communityprocess/jsr/jsr_082 _bluetooth.html http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/communityprocess/jsr/jsr_082 _bluetooth.html

21. Jini : service discovery Pronouncing it … + Don’t say Jinny, say “Genie” Jini + Helps build and deploy distributed systems using federations of services + A service can be anything – any funtionality that a computer, device, person wishes to expose over the network

22. Jini architecture

23. Jini – a service-oriented view of the world Allow late binding between client and service + Allow services to change + Enables reliable applications from unreliable parts + Networked object components + Breaks the tie between –What is to be done –Who is going to do it

24. Jini components Discovery Protocol Join Protocol Lookup Service Distributed Security System Distributed Transaction Interfaces Leasing Interface Event & Notification Interfaces

25. service publishes proxy object

26. Where Jini and Bluetooth meet Both facilitate loosely-coupled networks where participants + Join and leave the network regularly + Discover and use services offered by other participants + Can themselves offer services to the network Bluetooth provides the hardware/low-level software platform to allow dynamic networks to form Jini provides the higher level software framework to facilitate powerful application development

27. JXTA background Goal + Build a small, lightweight platform as the foundation of all peer-to-peer systems Originated at Sun – quickly moved to a neutral, community based organisation, and opensourced www.jxta.org

28. JXTA architecture

29. JXTA – key concepts Peers and groups + Any entity capable of the necessary protocols Advertisement + Structured XML document Messaging + Unreliable, asynchronous, uni-directional Pipe + Virtual communication channel

30. JXTA protocols Discovery protocol + Find advertisements from other peers Resolver protocol + Locate peers, groups, pipes, etc. Information protocol + Query other peers’ status Membership protocol + Obtain membership information, apply, receive, and update group membership, Pipe binding protocol + Bind a pipe advertisement to an actual endpoint Routing protocol + Find a route to reach a peer

31. where Bluetooth and JXTA meet Bluetooth, by its very nature, faciliates peer-to-peer collaboration JXTA can provide a standard framework for peer-to-peer interaction JXTA may provide important technology to underpin 2 nd and 3 rd generation Bluetooth applications

32. summary Java is important for Bluetooth + Many BT devices will run J2ME as the core platform for applications + Standard APIs for BT will speed new application development + Ad-hoc and peer-to-peer technologies such as Jini, JavaSpaces and JXTA will provide software infrastructure that allows us to realise the potential of Bluetooth networks

33. for more information contact Sean O’ Sullivan, sos@rococosoft.com