1. Terri Allain November 19, 2007 Canto 22 The Divine Comedy

2. Where and Who Dante and Virgil are in the 5 th bulge of Circle 8 (Simple Fraud) The sinners here are Barraters/Grafters They are punished by living forever in boiling tar. If they come up to ease their backs for too long, the devils push them back under.

3. Characters The sinner from Navarre- a corrupt politician Fra Gomita and Don Michael Zanche- other souls from Italy; punished in the boiling tar Calcabrina and Alichino- two demons who fall into the boiling tar

4. Malebranche Vs. Barraters The sinners often raise from the boiling tar to try and ease the pain. One of the sinners took too long to go back under, so the devil grabbed him by the hair and snatched him out of the tar. Before the devil tore the sinner to pieces, Dante asked if he could learn about the man’s history.

5. Meeting the Barrater The sinner tells Dante that he comes from the city of Navarre. He stole from the king, which is why he was paying for his sins in the boiling tar. He tells Dante of other Italians in the tar, such as Fra Gomita and Don Michael Zanche. The sinner from Navarre tries to avoid his destruction by making a deal with the devils. He tells them that he will whistle as though he has been set free, so that his sinner friends would reveal themselves. This would create entertainment for the devils, so they agreed. Instead of doing as he said he would, the man from Navarre jumped back into the boiling pitch to escape.

6. The devils were so upset that they started fighting with each other, causing both of them to fall into the boiling tar, ruining their wings, never to get out. The rest of the devils form a rescue party, and the two poets use the opportunity to get away without being noticed. Virgil and Dante’s escape