1. Geology and Rock Type The most important feature of a coast is often the type of rock in the area. Some rocks are resistant to erosion, whereas other rocks are more easily eroded. Resistant rocks= hard igneous rocks e.g. Granite and basalt, which are resistant to erosion Fairly resistant= sedimentary rocks e.g. Sandstone, chalk and limestone Least resistant= weak sedimentary rocks e.g. Clay and shale. These will erode at a faster rate

2. Task: Complete a hierarchy from MOST to LEAST resistant coastal rocks.

4. Contrasts in the cliffs in hard rock and in soft rock areas. Annotate your photographs to show the contrasts using the table page 70 Land’s End, Cornwall Granite cliffs Boulder clay cliffs, Holderness coastline

5. Concordant and discordant coasts This is a DISCORDANT Coastline. This is where the coastline is made up of BOTH hard and soft rock. They are usually at right angles to the coast. This picture shows Swanage on the Dorset coast- it has a mixture of erosional features including headlands and bays which are there because of the alternating hard and soft rock types.

6. Dorset coastline

7. Swanage Bay An example of headlands and bays on the Dorset coastline.

8. Discordant coastline

9. Concordant and discordant coasts This is a CONCORDANT Coastline. This is where the coastline is made up of hard and soft rock that run parallel to the coastline. This means the rock erodes at different rates. This is a picture of Lulworth Cove on the Dorset Coast. Waves have cut through the narrow entrance to the cove and then rapidly eroded the softer rock behind it.

11. Use page 75, Geography GCSE,Edexcel B, to label the rock types on the diagram.

12. Lulworth Cove Where is the band of limestone rock? Where is the band of clay? Label the band of chalk Explain how the cove was formed

13. Plenary Exam Question  Explain how geological structure and rock type have a major influence on coastal development and landforms (6)