1. Source apportionment of PM in the ADMS model David Carruthers Workshop on Source Apportionment of Particulate Matter Imperial College London Friday, 23 April 2010

2. Contents Modelling methodology London Marylebone Road Resuspension Other

3. Models all source groups within the urban area – typically hour by hour calculation Explicitly models major road sources, major industrial sources. Includes street canyon model Other sources modelled as grid sources (e.g.1km* 1km Regional pollution from rural monitoring sites or from larger area model (e.g. WRF/CMAQ or Pre’vair/Chimere) Model ADMS-Urban Model Methodology

4. Model verification at AURN Sites – PM 10 & PM 2.5 London (2001) PM 10 PM 2.5 Annual Mean90.4 th percentile

5. Contributions of source groups to total PM 10 concentrations 2010

6. Source apportionment of PM 10 from vehicle exhaust emissions 2010

7. Source apportionment of PM 10 traffic emissions. Mean all London AURN sites

8. MeasuredModelled Annual average (µg/m³)43.843.4 No. exceedences of 50µg/m³11494 90.41 st percentile of daily averages (equivalent to 35 exceedences) 64.157.0 Marylebone Road 2001 – Modelled time series and Number of exceedences of limit values

9. Source contributions to modelled annual average PM10 concentration Source contribution of vehicle types Marylebone Road

10. Modelled source contributions to modelled daily average PM10 concentrations, Marylebone Road 2001

11. Source contributions to exceedences of the 50µg/m³ objective value, ordered by background contribution and major road contribution

12. Major road and background contribution compared to total concentration Comparison of major road and rural background concentrations

13. Non-Exhaust Emissions of PM DEFRA Project –TRL, University of Birmingham, CERC Review of methodologies for tyre wear, brake wear and road wear Focus resuspension

14. Non-exhaust study- Resuspension Estimated from measurements at Marylebone Road & Bloomsbury. E TOTAL, NON-EX = E TYRE + E BRAKE + E ROAD + E RESUSP E TYRE, EB RAKE & E ROAD determined using several methods –Existing EMEP method –RAINS database –CEPMEIP database PM 2.5 = exhaust (94%), PM 2.5-10 = non-exhaust + exhaust (6%) E RESUSP dominated by HDV 116mg/km,(LDV 0.02mg/km)

15. Non-exhaust study - dispersion modelling sites 4 TRAMAQ sites ( Birmingham Selly Oak, Park Lane, Elephant and Castle, High Holborn) –PM 10 and PM 2.5 –Kerbside and background –Chemical component data available 9 London DEFRA sites –2 with PM 10 and PM 2.5 –7 with PM 10 only

16. Non-exhaust study Road Traffic Emission totals 2002 London

17. Traffic source contribution to modelled concentrations (London 2002) PM 10 PM 2.5 PM coarse

18. Non-Exhaust study Dispersion modelling - PM 10 Annual average PM 10 concentrations

19. Annual average PM 2.5 concentrations Non Exhaust Study Dispersion modelling - PM 2.5

20. Non-exhaust study Dispersion modelling - source apportionment Annual average PM 10 concentrations

21. Non-exhaust study: Resuspension – Uncertainty Dependence on wind speed

22. Non-exhaust study Resuspension Uncertainty - source properties

23. Singapore Harrison Chemical Speciation model based on chemical sampling vs PM measurements