1. Class II Division 2 Occupancy Sensors James Fisher Michael Gazda Russell Gee JoAnne Hitchcock Gledi Progonati Christopher Zannoni Presented on October 15, 2012 by: ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

2. Team Members Chris Zannoni (ECE, CompE) Chris Zannoni (ECE, CompE) Gledi Progonati (ECE) Gledi Progonati (ECE) JoAnne Hitchcock (ECE) JoAnne Hitchcock (ECE) Russell Gee (Eng Phys) Russell Gee (Eng Phys) James Fisher (ME) James Fisher (ME) Michael Gazda (ME) Michael Gazda (ME) Dr. George Lykotrafitis (ME) Dr. George Lykotrafitis (ME) Dr. Sung Yeul Park (ECE) Dr. Sung Yeul Park (ECE) Sponsered By Sensor Switch Sponsered By Sensor Switch Advisors ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

3. Agenda 1.Occupancy Sensor Technology 2.Hazardous Environment Classification 3.Design Considerations 4.Budget 5.Timeline ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

4. What are Occupancy Sensors? ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

5. Occupancy Sensor Technology PIR-Passive Infrared PIR-Passive Infrared Cannot "see" through materials, including glass Cannot "see" through materials, including glass Multiple individual beams look at the area Multiple individual beams look at the area Two (or more) consecutive beams detect a difference in temperature Two (or more) consecutive beams detect a difference in temperature Signal sent to indicate occupancy Signal sent to indicate occupancy Microphonics Microphonics Microphones pick up sound to indicate continued occupancy without movement Microphones pick up sound to indicate continued occupancy without movement ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

6. Occupancy Sensor Technology Relay and Power Supply for Sensor Sensor Luminaire Line Voltage Sensor Power (Low Voltage<200 mW) Control Signal Manual Switch ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

7. Why use Occupancy Sensors? Energy Savings Electricity Bill Savings Convenience ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

8. Hazardous Environments III 1 Gas frequently present Dust frequently present 2 Gas present abnormally Dust present abnormally Class Div ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

9. Groups of Hazardous Dusts Group E: Metal dusts (conductive, and explosive) (resistivity <100 kΩ/cm) Aluminum Calcium Silicide Titanium Aluminum Calcium Silicide Titanium ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

10. Groups of Hazardous Dusts Group F: Carbon dusts (some are conductive, and all are explosive) (100 kΩ/cm < resistivity <100 MΩ/cm) Group F: Carbon dusts (some are conductive, and all are explosive) (100 kΩ/cm < resistivity <100 MΩ/cm) Carbon Black Charcoal (Activated) Asphalt Carbon Black Charcoal (Activated) Asphalt ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

11. Groups of Hazardous Dusts Group G: Flour, starch, grain, combustible plastic or chemical dust (explosive) (resistivity >100 kΩ/cm) Flour Grain (Dust Cloud) Cinnamon Flour Grain (Dust Cloud) Cinnamon ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

12. Intrinsic Safety limits energy in device, removing possibility of ignition Intrinsic Safety limits energy in device, removing possibility of ignition Cheap Cheap Lower installation cost Lower installation cost Universally accepted Universally accepted What makes a circuit intrinsically safe? What makes a circuit intrinsically safe? Design Restrictions: Inherent Safety ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

13. Intrinsic Safety Composed of Simple apparatues Composed of Simple apparatues Passive components that store no, or little energy Passive components that store no, or little energy Ignition curves Ignition curves Temperature limitations Temperature limitations Energy limiting barrier (Zener Barrier) Energy limiting barrier (Zener Barrier) ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

14. Ignition Curves for Resistive Circuits ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

15. Ignition Curves for Capacitive Circuits ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

16. Ignition Curves for Inductive Circuits ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

17. Temperature Regulations ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

18. Electrical Barriers Relay and Power Supply for Sensor Sensor Luminaire Line Voltage Manual Switch Zener diode barrier ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

19. o Dust ignition proof: o OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) standard “The apparatus is enclosed in a manner that will exclude ignitable amounts of dusts and will not permit arcs, sparks or heat generated or liberated inside the enclosures to cause ignition of exterior dust accumulations on the enclosure or of atmospheric dust suspensions in the vicinity of the enclosure.” -(National Electric Code) Enclosure Considerations ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

20. 20 o Enclosure material must meet certain requirements: Corrosion Resistance Wireless communication restriction due to transmissibility of metals Raceways/conduit must be made of metal or PVC and must be sealed Wires must be supported to eliminate tension in wire Low heat transfer, thermal conductivity Crucial to prevent combustion Dust layers/clouds can ignite due to heat transfer from components enclosed in the box Enclosure Considerations ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

21. List of Class II, Division 2 dusts with the lowest ignition temperatures 21 Class II Div. 2 Combustible Dusts Group Min. Ignition Temp. (°C) Min. Ignition Temp. (°C) SevinG140 FerbamG150 Violet 200 Dye G175 Soy Flour G190 SulfurG220 Enclosure Considerations ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

22. Cost Considerations o Cost (< $430-$1200 based on money saved in 3 years) Cheapest material that meets requirements Cheapest material that meets requirements Material with lowest production cost Material with lowest production cost Injection mold plastics Injection mold plastics Low installation cost Low installation cost Enclosure design should limit installation time Enclosure design should limit installation time Reduce installation cost Reduce installation cost Reduce overall cost of final product Reduce overall cost of final product Low component cost Low component cost ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

23. Budget 3D printing 3D printing Barriers (Phy,Elec.) Barriers (Phy,Elec.) Relays Relays Communication Modules Communication Modules Connectors/Receptacles Connectors/Receptacles Production PCB's Production PCB's Testing ? (Could be large amount) Testing ? (Could be large amount) Documentation (Manuals, Codes) Documentation (Manuals, Codes) $9-11k for M.E. $1k for ECE ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

24. Timeline

25. Please visit our website to follow the project and for more info (link on main ECE senior design page, Team 166)

26. Questions? ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

27. References "Alma Aquaculture Research Station | University of Guelph." Alma Aquaculture Research Station | University of Guelph. University of Guelph, 2007. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Aluminium (Powder)." Pyro Aluminum (UK: Aluminium). N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Avoiding and Overcoming Installation Problems With Occupancy-Sensing Lighting Control Systems." Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2 Dec. 2002. Web. 10 Oct. 2012.. Bower, Lisa. "Baking with Different Types of Flour." Life123. N.p., 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Carbon Black (N220, N660, N550)." Made-in-China.com. N.p., 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Cinnamon Spice." Cinnamon-spice Has Very Unique Healing Abilities You Want to Be Aware Of! Natures Health Foods, n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Ebay Targets India Growth." HSBC Global Connections, 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Energy Efficiency | Outside the Box Construcion." Outside the Box Construction, 2010. Web. 13 Oct. 2012.. "Exposure to Mold and Dust in Grain." Iowa State University Extension and Outreach. Iowa State University, 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Ferro Alloys Product." Metal Alloys (India). N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Hazardous (Classified) Locations." Hazardous (Classified) Locations. OSHA, May 1996. Web. 10 Oct. 2012.. "Houston Blogs: TheVote." : The Money Trail #GOP2012: Updated. ABC13, 15 Oct. 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2012.. ECE Senior Design 2012-2013

28. References "Intrinsic Safety "i" Type of Protection." Siemens, 2012. Web. 12 Oct. 2012.. "Light Guide: Occupant Sensors." Light Guide: Occupant Sensors. Inter.Light, 2012. Web. 10 Oct. 2012.. Lilly, Paul. "Amped Wireless AP20000G Wireless Router Promises Up to 7,500 Square Feet of Coverage." Maximum PC. N.p., 18 Sept. 2012. Web. 13 Oct. 2012.. "Lutron MS-OPS2-WH Maestro 250 Watt Single Pole Occupancy Sensor Switch, White.“ Amazon, 2012. Web. 13 Oct. 2012.. "Maximize Your Energy Savings with a Quality Furnace." American Weathermakers, n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012.. "Precious Metals: Titanium Jewelry." Precious Metals: Titanium Jewelry. All About Gemstones, 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. "Sensor Switch." Sensor Switch. Acuity Brands, 2012. Web. 12 Oct. 2012.. Stahl, R. "Innovative Global Explosion Protection." Automation Catalog 8000. R Stahl, 2012. Web. 26 Sept. 2012. "What You Should Know about Coal Tar Sealant." Springfield News-Leader. Gannett, 6 Feb. 2010. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.. ECE Senior Design 2012-2013