1. SONET Systems CET 533

2. North American Digital Hierarchy and SONET TypeChannelsData Rate DS-0164 Kbits/sec DS-1241.533 Mbits/sec DS-367244.736 Mbits/sec OC-1*1 DS-351.84 Mbits/sec 560 System; 560 Mbps; 8064 DS0 = 336DS1 = 12 DS3

3. Optical Leve l Electrical Level Line Rate (Mbps) Payload Rate (Mbps) Overhead Rate (Mbps) SDH Equival ent OC-1STS-151.84050.1121.728- OC-3STS-3155.520150.3365.184STM-1 OC-12STS-12622.080601.34420.736STM-4 OC-48STS-482488.3202405.37682.944STM-16 OC-192STS-1929953.2809621.504331.776STM-64 OC-768STS-76839813.12038486.0161327.104STM-256 SONET and SDH SONET is short for Synchronous Optical NETwork the United States version of the standard published by the American National Standards Institutue SDH is an acronym for Synchronous Digital Hierarchy international version of the standard published by the International Telecommunications Union

4. Segments of a SONET network Linear Topology Add / Drop Multiplexers Line/Path Terminating Element

5. STS Frame 90 Bytes

6. STS -1 Frame (9x90x8) bits/frame x8000 samples/frame = 51.840 Mbps

7. SONET Overheads

8. STS-1 and its position in SPE Transport overhead includes Section and Line overheards

9. Section and Path Overhead http://www.tek.com/Measurement/App_Notes/SONET/overheads.pdf Read

10. Line Overhead

11. Interleaved parity code (BIP-8) byte Applications http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk482/tk607/technologies_tech_note09186a0080124afa.shtml

12. SONET Hierarchy - VT1.5  1.7 Mbps (equivalent to a DS1) - VT is virtual tributary (VT1.5, VT2, VT6)

13. SONET MUX With different Interfaces

14. SONET Ring Application www2.embarq.com/wholesale/socr.html Two SONET rings connected together