1. Glacial landscapes and landforms

2. Landscape means the overall look or feel of a place. The photograph shows an icy environment whose steep rugged mountains have sharp edges A landform is an individual feature we find in the landscape – like the pyramidal peak in the photograph Landscapes and landforms Pyramidal Peak © Trevor Cole

3. Glaciers erode the land by abrasion and plucking. Can you remember how these processes work? Big glaciers cut deep wide valleys called U-shaped valleys like the one shown here U-shaped valley with steep sides and ice flowing through it © Simon Oakes

4. The eroding ice carves out steep mountain sides. Ridges called arêtes stand out against the sky. Hollows called corries develop below them on the mountain sides Corrie Arête Pyramidal Peak © Trevor Cole

5. How many pyramidal peaks, arêtes and corries can you spot in this aerial photograph of the Alps? © Simon Oakes

6. Pools of meltwater often form in glaciated regions, especially in summer Glacial meltwater © Trevor Cole

7. Meltwater rivers flow away from glaciers into lowland regions. Water spreads out and loses energy, causing it to deposit gravel and rocks. This material is the remains of those parts of the highlands that glaciers have eroded! Highlands where glaciers are eroding the landscape Meltwater river spreading out over the lowlands Gravel islands © Trevor Cole

8. In the past, Scotland was covered with glacier ice during the last ICE AGE. When the ice melted 10,000 years ago, it revealed many landforms and deposits U-shaped valley is visible here Boulders dropped by the ice as it melted 10,000 years ago © Simon Oakes

9. Here, the glacier ice has melted away to leave a U-shaped valley with a deep depression in it. Meltwater filled the depression to make a lake. © Trevor Cole

10. EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS shown here included New Zealand, South America and the Isle of Arran