1. National Mine Safety and Health Academy John G. Tyler 304-256-3541
SURFACE HAULAGE
National Mine Safety and Health Academy John G. Tyler

2. Surface Powered Haulage
Analysis Of Surface Powered Haulage Accidents
January 1, to July 1, 1996

3. Scope of Analysis Surface Powered Haulage Accidents
Self-propelled Mobile Equipment
Serious Accidents

4. Accident Review MSHA Accident and Injury Reports
MSHA Fatal Accident Reports
Mine Operator Accident Reports (Part 50)
U.S. Bureau of Mines Studies

5. Summary of Findings 4,397 Haulage Accidents 1,300 Truck Accidents
640 Truck Accidents Resulting in Traumatic Injury
139 Fatal Accidents

6. Major Factors Steep Road Gradients vs. Load Limits Dump Locations
Roadway and Dump Berms
Defective Equipment
Maintenance Practices
Obstructed Visibility
Truck Loading and Unloading Practices

7. Common Accident Causes
Fatalities
Road Gradients Exceeding 7% 36
Brakes or Steering Failure 20
Trucks Overturning at Dumps 25
Obstructed Vision

9. SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS -1994 THROUGH 1997
Total=161
This total includes classifications (such as machinery) that involved people that were in some way working on, near, or under haulage equipment or performing a haulage function such as grading a haulroad or repairing a truck. They were all haulage related.

10. Surface Loading And Haulage Includes:
Roadways including those providing access to pit areas, dump sites, stockpiles, and reclamation areas.
Trucks
off-road, highway, service, delivery, mantrip
Endloaders
Conveyors
Shovels
electric, hydraulic

11. SURFACE LOADING and HAULAGE INCLUDES: cont’d
Crane carriers (these accidents are classified as machinery)
Scrapers
Back-hoes, gradalls, excavaters, dozers (accidents will be classified as machinery but these pieces are used on fills, to maintain roadways,drainage, etc.- all functions directly related to haulage operations)

12. Surface Loading and Haulage cont’d
Draglines (accidents are not classified as haulage) -but, the operations can affect haulage operations.
Endloaders are used for cleaning drag pits , in certain applications, moving cable trees and cables, and as ground pieces.
Drag maintenance is dependent on service trucks and rubber- tired cranes.

13. Surface Loading and Haulage: cont’d
Graders
Service trucks
tire trucks, flat beds, grease trucks, fuel trucks,welding trucks, mechanic trucks, and water trucks.
Barges

14. MINING INDUSTRY FATALS 1994-1997
Total fatals=358
Total surface mine fatals=232
Total surface haulage fatals=161
45% of all mine fatals were surface haulage related
69% of all surface mine fatals were haulage related

15. SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS 1994-1997
Trucks= 63 Crushers= 5
Maintenance= 19 Draglines= 3
Dozers= Endloaders= 13
Tire work= Graders= 1
Trains= Excavators= 2
Small vehicles= 13 Forklifts= 1
Conveyors= Scrapers= 1
Cranes= 3 Shovels= 2

16. WHERE ARE FATALS OCCURRING AT SURFACE MINES?
Trucks= 39% Cranes=2%
Haulage Maintenance=12% Draglines=2%
Conveyors=9% Shovels=1%
Endloaders=8%
Small Vehicles=8%
Tire Work=3%
Trains=3%
Crushers=3%

17. What were these people doing when they were killed?

18. Truck Drivers
While driving the truck;
traveled out of roadway (some went in water and drowned and others went over embankement )
were not wearing a seat belt ( thrown out or jumped out of truck )
lost control on steep grade
overtraveled over the edge of a dump

19. Truck Drivers (cont’d)
While driving
raised bed into energized power lines ( in one case raised tarp rigging into power )
did not secure bed in travel position before moving
pulled in front of moving train at crossing
did not use positive two way communication

20. Truck Drivers (cont’d)
Other work with truck;
out of truck on ground and was ran over with other equipment
fell off top of truck
ran over by truck because park brake did not hold or was not set
unloading truck and struck by load
truck caught on fire
under bed when it fell

21. Truck Drivers (cont’d)
Other work with truck;
tried to catch runaway truck and was run over by truck
load shifted on truck while driving and mashed cab and driver

22. Maintenance Related To Haulage
Working under raised equipment
not secured or blocked
Not in clear when equipment started or moved
Electric equip. not locked out ( blocked against movement)
Fire
welding or using torches
Tire maintenance not considered here

23. Endloaders Lost control on steep grade Caught by boom or bucket
Riding outside cab
Traveled out of road or over edge of dump
Not wearing seat belt
Ran over another person on ground

24. Powered Haulage Issues
Pre- Operational Equip.Check
Maintenance/Brake
Adj. System Leaks, Hyd.& Air.
Low Air Warning System.
Steering System (Emergency)

25. Powered Haulage Cont.
Haul Roads & Dumping Sites
Visibility
Communications
Industry Statistics