1. 1
The Human Body: An Orientation

2. ___________ is the study of the body's structure.
Histology
Anatomy
Embryology
Physiology
Answer: b. Anatomy
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3. ___________ is the study of the body's structure.
Histology
Anatomy
Embryology
Physiology
Answer: b. Anatomy
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4. The anatomy of a body part is intimately tied to its specific function
The anatomy of a body part is intimately tied to its specific function. Scientists call this the principle of ___________.
hierarchical organization
complementarity
homeostasis
negative feedback
Answer: b. complementary nature of structure and function
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5. The anatomy of a body part is intimately tied to its specific function
The anatomy of a body part is intimately tied to its specific function. Scientists call this the principle of ___________.
hierarchical organization
complementarity
homeostasis
negative feedback
Answer: b. complementary nature of structure and function
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6. Which of the following is a logical organization?
Atoms, cells, molecules, tissues
Molecules, atoms, cells, tissues
Atoms, tissues, molecules, cells
Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues
Answer: d. Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues
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7. Which of the following is a logical organization?
Atoms, cells, molecules, tissues
Molecules, atoms, cells, tissues
Atoms, tissues, molecules, cells
Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues
Answer: d. Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues
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8. Which body system is responsible for manipulating the environment?
Lymphatic system
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Muscular system
Answer: d. Muscular system
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9. Which body system is responsible for manipulating the environment?
Lymphatic system
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Muscular system
Answer: d. Muscular system
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10. Of the eight necessary life functions, which of the following is not required for an individual's survival?
Maintaining boundaries
Metabolism
Reproduction (organismal)
Excretion
Answer: c. Reproduction (organismal)
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11. Of the eight necessary life functions, which of the following is not required for an individual's survival?
Maintaining boundaries
Metabolism
Reproduction (organismal)
Excretion
Answer: c. Reproduction (organismal)
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12. One survival need of humans is appropriate atmospheric pressure
One survival need of humans is appropriate atmospheric pressure. At high altitudes where atmospheric pressure is lower, you might expect that oxygen acquisition would ____________.
decrease
increase twofold
increase threefold
remain unchanged
Answer: a. decrease
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13. One survival need of humans is appropriate atmospheric pressure
One survival need of humans is appropriate atmospheric pressure. At high altitudes where atmospheric pressure is lower, you might expect that oxygen acquisition would ____________.
decrease
increase twofold
increase threefold
remain unchanged
Answer: a. decrease
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14. What is the definition of homeostasis?
The ability to maintain relatively stable external conditions even though the inside world changes continuously
When the output shuts off the original effect of the stimulus
The response enhances the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated
The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously
Answer: d. The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously
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15. What is the definition of homeostasis?
The ability to maintain relatively stable external conditions even though the inside world changes continuously
When the output shuts off the original effect of the stimulus
The response enhances the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated
The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously
Answer: d. The ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously
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16. Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism?
During labor, as uterine contractions begin, levels of the hormone oxytocin continuously rise to further stimulate more contractions.
The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone under the influence of the hormone TSH. TSH release decreases when thyroid hormone levels reach their set point.
An individual who is incapable of synthesizing thyroid hormone will often develop an enlarged thyroid gland due to continuous TSH stimulation.
Answer: b. The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone under the influence of the hormone TSH. TSH release decreases when thyroid hormone levels reach their set point.
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17. Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism?
During labor, as uterine contractions begin, levels of the hormone oxytocin continuously rise to further stimulate more contractions.
The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone under the influence of the hormone TSH. TSH release decreases when thyroid hormone levels reach their set point.
An individual who is incapable of synthesizing thyroid hormone will often develop an enlarged thyroid gland due to continuous TSH stimulation.
Answer: b. The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormone under the influence of the hormone TSH. TSH release decreases when thyroid hormone levels reach their set point.
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18. If someone has broken a leg, he or she has damaged the ________ division of the body.
dorsal
appendicular
superficial
axial
Answer: b. appendicular
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19. If someone has broken a leg, he or she has damaged the ________ division of the body.
dorsal
appendicular
superficial
axial
Answer: b. appendicular
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20. The term ___________ refers to internal organs, while the term _________ refers to body cavity walls.
serosa; pleural
visceral; ventral
serosa; parietal
visceral; parietal
Answer: d. visceral; parietal
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21. The term ___________ refers to internal organs, while the term _________ refers to body cavity walls.
serosa; pleural
visceral; ventral
serosa; parietal
visceral; parietal
Answer: d. visceral; parietal
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22. Which single abdominopelvic region/quadrant is the bladder located in?
Epigastric region
Hypogastric region
Right and left iliac regions
Right and left lower quadrants
Answer: b. Hypogastric region
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23. Which single abdominopelvic region/quadrant is the bladder located in?
Epigastric region
Hypogastric region
Right and left iliac regions
Right and left lower quadrants
Answer: b. Hypogastric region
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