2. Write on your post it you think a smart/modern material is and give an example of where it might be used. You have 1 minute. Starter Activity KS4 Graphic Products

3. Understand the properties of smart materials and Learning Objective their applications You should be able to describe the uses, advantages & disadvantages of modern and smart materials when manufacturing products. KS4 Graphic Products

4. A smart material is defined KS4 Graphic Products Learning Objective as a material that reacts to an outside stimulus, and then once that stimulus has been removed, changes back into its original state. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgrIDibPm Jo

5. Polymorph At room temperature it is as strong as a normal polymer but at 60oC it becomes soft and mouldable. It can be made mouldable by using hot water and coloured using food colours Uses One-off mouldings for hand-held devices to test ergonomics, or vacuum forming moulds and impressions moulds that can be used for making several copies of the same component KS4 Graphic Products

6. Thermochromic liquid crystal and film KS4 Graphic Products Thermochromic pigments change colour at specific temperatures. They are incorporated into a special ink and printed onto products. Applications include: baby feeding products, kettles, steam irons and thermal warning patches. At normal room temperature the pigment appears coloured, but at 27°C the colour disappears.

7. Thermochromic liquid crystal and film KS4 Graphic Products Thermochromic crystals uses include forehead thermometers, battery test panels and special printing effects for promotional items. Special printing inks are available to enhance printed materials ie thermoreactive inks can be used to reveal graphics if a warm hand is placed over them or put in a fridge Some inks react to UV radiation in natural sunlight – called photochromic inks

8. Liquid crystal displays KS4 Grapic Products A voltage is applied and light falls on it making it appear to go ‘dark’ Numbers are made to appear on an LCD clock by applying a voltage to certain segments which go dark Only needs small amounts of power Full colour LCD is common on laptops and TVS.

9. Liquid crystal displays KS4 Graphic Products Benefits of LD displays: – Thinner, so TVs, computer screens, laptop casings can be slimmer – less material used – Have a higher resolution – better picture quality than cathode ray tube which tend flicker due to lower resolution – Use far less energy – Weigh less than CRTs so therefore more portable

10. Reactive Glass KS4 Graphic Products Advantages: ability to change colour in response to UV or an applied voltage. replaces the need for separate reading and sunglasses. Disadvantages: expensive to manufacture smart glass is expensive to install. time delay photochromic glasses can cause difficulties when driving. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEZp2xJEWZA

11. Electronic paper display (e-paper) KS4 Graphic Products Electronic paper display (EPD) is a display technology designed to mimic the appearance of ordinary ink on paper. Backlighting on computers flickers and hard on the human eye E-paper reflects the light, easier to read at an angle than a flat screen. Its durable, lightweight and highly flexible compared to other display technologies. But not as flexible as paper …. yet. Further development – newspapers where headlines and images are constantly update … think the Daily profet Currently used for electronic books. Needs no power to maintain an image as the pixels are extremely stable. Only draws on power when text is refreshed.

12. Electronic paper display (e-paper) KS4 Graphic Products Further development – newspapers where headlines and images are constantly update … think the Daily Prophet!

13. Transdermal prescription drug patches KS4 Graphic Products A medicated adhesive patch that delivers a specific dose of medication through the skin into the bloodstream. The drug reservoir is sandwiched between a non permeable back layer and permeable adhesive layer. The drug leaches out over a 24 hour period.

14. Transdermal prescription drug patches KS4 Graphic Products Benefits compared with injections – provides a controlled release of medicine over a period time delivers the medication painlessly it’s clean – no dangerous needles to dispose of

15. Your task KS4 Graphic Products 1.Why would transdermal patches be good for giving children their medicine? 2.Why would electronic paper be good for your exercise and text books at school? Remember to EXPLAIN your answers. End

16. Task 2 KS4 Graphic Products Plenary Without using your notes sum up one of the following with your partner: Polymorph Photochromic liquid crystals Liquid crystal displays Electronic paper Remember to include advantages, disadvantages and applications. You have 2 minutes. 2:001:591:581:571:561:551:541:531:521:511:501:491:481:471:461:451:441:431:421:411:401:391:381:371:361:351:341:331:321:311:301:291:281:271:261:251:241:231:221:211:201:191:181:171:161:151:141:131:121:111:101:091:081:071:061:051:041:031:021:011:000:590:580:570:560:550:540:530:520:510:500:490:480:470:460:450:440:430:420:410:400:390:380:370:360:350:340:330:320:310:300:290:280:270:260:250:240:230:220:210:200:190:180:170:160:150:140:130:120:110:100:090:080:070:060:050:040:030:020:01End

17. Try it! KS4 Graphic Products Starter next lesson – test your knowledge Working with your partner, take it in turns to state an advantage and a disadvantage of a modern or smart material. Polymorph Photochromic liquid crystals Liquid crystal displays Electronic paper Transdermal patches You have 2 minutes. 2:001:591:581:571:561:551:541:531:521:511:501:491:481:471:461:451:441:431:421:411:401:391:381:371:361:351:341:331:321:311:301:291:281:271:261:251:241:231:221:211:201:191:181:171:161:151:141:131:121:111:101:091:081:071:061:051:041:031:021:011:000:590:580:570:560:550:540:530:520:510:500:490:480:470:460:450:440:430:420:410:400:390:380:370:360:350:340:330:320:310:300:290:280:270:260:250:240:230:220:210:200:190:180:170:160:150:140:130:120:110:100:090:080:070:060:050:040:030:020:01End

18. Quick Notes KS4 Resistant Materials Plenary Reactive glass can reversibly change colour in UV light or it a voltage is applied. It is widely used in glasses and windows but is expensive. Carbon nanotubes are tough and strong, good electrical conductors and chemically inert. They are added to other materials to improve them. They are often used in paint and cars but expensive and toxic.

19. Exam questions KS4 Resistant Materials Plenary Explain one advantage for a business of using reactive glass in its office windows. (2 marks) Excellent answer: No need to by curtains or blinds because of the opaque nature of the glass, as people outside would not be able to see inside.