1. Biological waste treatment at Lindum Jan Petter Hammer Subject Manager Chemistry/Biology Presentation for Aquateam with Polish guests Lindum, 28. september 2009

2. Norway’s “Agenda 21” Recycling of nutrients Local treatment favorized Nutrients are recycled to where the food is being produced

3. Biological treatment 1) Composting Aerobic degradation C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O 2) biogas production Anaerobic degradation C 6 H 12 O 6  3 CH 4 + 3 CO 2

4. Composting methods at Lindum Windrow composting Matress composting Reactor composting Active large windrow composting AGBAG-kompostering

5. Important criteria The structure needs to be shredded to the right size The mixture must be able to drain moisture and be aerated The mixture must have DM>30% C/N-factor Starting pH > 5 Energy must be removed in the process Optimal degradation at 50-55 ⁰C

6. Process and quality control Temperature CO 2, CH 4 and O 2 DM Odour Energy development Volume reduction Hygiene: TKB and Salmonella Stability: SOUR test, ”rottegrad” Analysis of nutrients Declaration

7. Soil products at Lindum Ecologial compost Agricultural compost Bulk soil mixtures Bagged soil mixtures Garden waste compost Biological roof covers Designed products for customers

8. Sewage sludge treatment

10. Sludge utilization Vikersund

11. 2005 Steinsholt 2006 Statens vegvesen E 134

12. Food waste composting Ecological

13. From food waste To compost and soil

14. The food waste comes from large kitchens and food shops…

15. …. and from private households

16. The food waste is shredded andmixed with bark and lime

17. The mixture is inserted into the reactor composting facility…

18. … where it is transported into separate bins….

19. …. and the composting starts Air is forced through the compost mixture, and it is turned several times each day.

20. Plastics and other reject materials are sifted from the compost and sent to energy recovery.

21. After 10 days, the compost is taken out and put into Ag- Bags for maturing.

22. Agbag ”sausages”

23. The compost is monitored by sampling and analyses.

24. Growth test in our lab

25. Finished compost, ready for use

26. Transport to ecological agriculture

27. Some of the compost is used in Lindum’s own soil mixtures

28. ….and the product is bagged and sold in garden shops, super markets – and at Lindum