1. Nomenclature: Type III and Acids Elizabeth Sikora & Roxanne Schoen

2. Type III : Binary Covalent Compounds Binary covalent compounds are when two non-metals form a chemical compound

3. Type III : Binary Covalent Compounds When naming the first element shown keeps its original name and only uses a prefix when it is greater than one molecule. The second element shown is named according to the anion name ending in –ide and always uses prefixes. When finding formulas there is no criss-crossing of the charges, you tell the number of molecules per element only by the prefix. 1=mono 2=di 3=tri 4=tetra 5=penta 6=hexa 7=hecta 8=octa 9=nona 10=deca

4. Type III : Binary Covalent Compounds Example 1: CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide –Since both elements are nonmetals, you know it is a type III compound. –The first element, Carbon, is a single molecule so it has no prefix –The second element, Oxygen, is presented twice so the prefix di- is added along with the anion ending –ide.

5. Acids Acids are a compound containing the ionizable proton (H + ) When finding a formula for an acid, you must take the element or poloytomic’s charge and criss-crossing it with (H + ) Polytomics with oxygen are named by taking the root of the polyotomic and either dropping the –ate and putting in –ic or by dropping the –ite and putting –ous. Acids which do not contain oxygen are named by adding the prefix hydro- to the root name of the element followed by the suffix –ic

6. Acids with Poloytomics containing oxygen Example 1: H 2 SO 4 = sulfuric acid –Sulfuric Acid is made by taking the polytomic sulfate (SO 4 -2 ) and criss- crossing the charge of H +1 the name is made by dropping the –ate and adding –ic Example 2: H 2 SO 3 = sulfurous acid –Sulfurous Acid is made by taking the polytomic sulfite (SO 3 -2 ) and criss- crossing the charge of H +1 the name is made by dropping the –ite and adding –ic

7. Acids that do not contain oxygen Example 1: H 3 P = Hydrophosphoric Acid –Hydrophosphoric Acid is made by taking the element Phosphorous (P -3 ) and combining it with Hydrogen (H +1 ) and criss-crossing the charges. The name is made by using the root of phosphorous (phospor) and adding the prefix hydro- and suffix -ic

8. Name the chemical compound: HBr Answer: Hydrobromic acid When hydrogen combined with Bromine, you add the hyrdo- and –ic because it is a single element combined with Hydrogen

9. Give the formula for: Phosphorous trioxide Answer: PO 3 Since there is no prefix in front of phosphorus, it means it’s a single molecule whereas oxygen has 3 molecules and is given the prefix -tri

10. Give the formula for: Hydrocyanic Acid Answer: HCN Since cyanide and hydrogen’s charges cancel out, there is only one molecule of each.

11. Give the formula for: Hydroiodic Acid Answer: HI Since the hydrogen and iodine charges cancel each other out, you are just left with the combination of the single molecules.

12. Name the chemical compoud: S 6 F 5 Answer: Hexasulfur Pentafluoride Since there are six sulfur molecules you give the prefix –hexa to sulfur. Since there are five fluorine molecules you add the prefix –penta to the name. Since it is the second element you also add the suffix –ide.

13. Name the chemical compound: H 2 SO 4 Answer: Sulfuric Acid When naming an acid with oxygen, you must use the root of the original polyatomic sulfate (SO 4 -2 ) and drop the –ate ending and replace it with - ic

14. Give the formula for: Phosphorous Acid Answer: H 3 PO 3 When combining H +1 and the polyatomic PO 3 +3 you must cross their charges.

15. Give the formula for: Dinitrogen hexoxide Answer: N2O6 N2O6 The prefix –di on nitrogen means there are two nitrogen molecules and the prefix hex on oxygen means there are six oxygen molecules

16. What is the proper name and formula for the molecular compound: 3 sulfur and 5 chlorine atoms Answer: S 3 Cl 5 and Trisulfur pentachloride

17. What is the proper name and formula for the acid formed when you combine: hydrogen and nitrate Answer: HNO 3 and Nitric Acid

18. Key Points to Remember: Type III: –2 nonmetals, no crossing, use prefixes. Acids: –Cross charges –Polyotomics with oxygen: ate  ic, ite  ous –Single elements: hydro + root of element + ic

19. Biblography http://nobel.scas.bcit.ca/chem0010/unit4/4.3. 2_property_nonmetals.htm (nonmetal periodic table picture)http://nobel.scas.bcit.ca/chem0010/unit4/4.3. 2_property_nonmetals.htm