1. Scientific Naming System
Nomenclature
Scientific Naming System

2. What is the difference between an element and a compound?

3. Definitions
Elements cannot be broken down by physical or chemical changes.
Compounds are composed of 2 or more elements that can be broken down by chemical change.
What type of matter can be broken down by physical changes?

4. Ions
Ions are elements with a charge. The reference table lists these charges for each element.
If the element is positive, it is called a cation.
Cations are named the same as the element.
(Example: Ca=Calcium atom / Ca+2=Calcium ion)
If the element in negative, it is called an anion.
Anions are named ending with “-ide”
(Example: N=Nitrogen atom / N-3 = Nitride ion)

5. You try:
Mg+2 K+
O-2 F-
Li+ I-

6. Binary Compounds
Binary Compounds consist of only two of elements. To name: write the complete name of the first element. The second element should then be named, ending in “- ide.”
NaCl sodium chloride
KI potassium iodide
MgCl2
Ca3N2
magnesium chloride
calcium nitride

7. You try…
Li3P
Al2S3
SrBr2
Rb2O
BaSe
CsI

8. Criss-cross Rule
To write a formula, write the two ions separately showing their charges. Charges are on the periodic table. Then, swap the two numbers and drop the sign:
Calcium nitride:Ca N-3
Ca3N2
Lithium oxide: Li+ O-2
Li2O
Notice, we don’t write ones!

9. Problem:
FeCl2 and FeCl3 are different compounds but seem to have the same name. How can we name them different?
FeCl2 is iron (II) chloride FeCl3 is iron (III) chloride.
What do the roman numerals represent?

10. Transition Metals and nonmetals
Transition Metals are in the middle group of the periodic table. I II
Nonmetals are on the right side of the staircase.
III
They have multiple charges or oxidation numbers and so you must show which charge you are using with roman numerals: IV V VI
VII

11. Try these…
FeCl2 CuF ZnO N2O3 SO4 PCl3 CH4

12. Careful: This rule doesn’t ALWAYS work for cations
Careful: This rule doesn’t ALWAYS work for cations. Find the anion’s charge and equalize that with the cation’s charge as a check.

13. Try these… Potassium iodide Magnesium chloride Aluminum sulfide
Hydrogen oxide
Barium selenide
Cesium phosphide
Strontium phosphide
Copper (II) flouride
Iron (III) telluride

14. Tertiary Compounds
When compounds have more than 2 elements, it contains a polyatomic ion.
Polyatomic ion are a group of 2 or more atoms that are bonded very strongly and act as one ion.
AgNO3 silver nitrate

15. Polyatomic ions CaCO3 calcium carbonate LiClO2 lithium chlorite
You are given a list of polyatomic ions. Naming compounds with these ions are easy once you familiarize yourself with the list.
CaCO3 calcium carbonate
LiClO2 lithium chlorite
NaOH sodium hydroxide
(NH4)3PO4 ammonium phosphate

16. You try…
K2SO4
CsNO2
Ba(SCN)2
SrClO3
Al(HCO3)3
RbCN

17. Try These… Name: Write the formula: Fe(SCN)2 Nickel (III) Nitride
CoCl3 Manganese (II) sulfite
NiBr2 Zinc sulfate
CuO Titanium (II) carbonate
MnI4 Gold (III) oxide
Ag2S Iron (III) Chloride

18. Game
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19. Covalent Compounds
In some cases, binary covalent compounds (compounds with nonmetals only) are named using prefixes and end in “-ide.” The prefixes used are listed below.
1 mono-
2 di-
3 tri-
4 tetra-
5 penta-
6 hexa-
7 hepta-
8 oct-
9 non-

20. Name or write the formula:NO
H2O
PCl5
Cl2O7
Carbon tetrachloride
Phosphorous tribromide
Silicon dioxide