1. Semester 1 Final Exam review 6 th Social Studies

3. 1. Why are many of Europeans major cities located along rivers and sea coasts? They offer access to trade routes for travel and trade.

4. 2. Why did the people of Chernobyl, Ukraine abandon the city in 1986? The nuclear power plant exploded and radiation levels were unsafe

5. 3. What are the major environmental concerns in the United Kingdom and Germany? United Kingdom: Air quality Germany: Acid rain

6. 4. Why does Great Britain have a strong navy and a large fleet of trading ships? Because of its geographic location

7. 5. Define monotheism. The belief in one god

8. 6. Define literacy. The ability to read and write

9. 7. What are the monotheistic religions practiced in Europe? Christianity Islam Judaism

10. 8. What countries in Europe speak English as their first language? United Kingdom

11. 9. What countries speak French as their first language? France

12. 10. What countries speak German as their first language? Germany

13. 11. How can a citizen of a democratic nation influence the government? By voting

14. 12. Which government would abolish all opposing political parties and free speech? Communist

15. 13. In what government does the legislature elect the leader? Parliamentary democracy

16. 14. What is the leader of Parliament called? Prime Minister

17. 15. How is a parliamentary democracy different than a presidential democracy? The head of the government is a member of the legislature

18. 16. Describe the parliamentary system of the United Kingdom. In a parliamentary system, the prime minister is not directly chosen by the voters.

19. 17. What type of government do the United Kingdom, Russia, and Germany have? United Kingdom: Parliamentary Democracy Germany: Federal System Russia: Federation

20. 18. What is the main purpose of the European Union? Strengthen the economic, political, and defense ties of member nations

21. 19. What are the benefits of using the Euro?  Many countries will be able to trade without exchanging the currency  People are able to travel freely between the countries in the Eu  Higher standard of living  Training for jobs

22. 20. What are the three basic economic questions? – What to produce? – How it will be produced? – For whom to produce?

23. 21. Define market economy. An economic system that allows business owners to compete in the market with little to no government interference.

24. 22. Define mixed economy. An economic system that has features of traditional, command, and market systems.

25. 23. Define traditional economy. An economic system in which social roles and culture determine how goods are made, sold, and bought.

26. 24. Define command economy. – An economic system in which the government decides what goods will be produced, how they will be produce, and how they will be distributed

27. 25. In what economic system do the people own the land, factories, and businesses? – Market

28. 26. What is a tariff? – A fee (tax) placed on imported or exported goods by a country’s government in order to limit trade.

29. 27. What are trade barriers? A geographic (or government created) feature that prevents or slows trade.

30. 28. Define GDP. – The total value of the goods and services produced in a country in a given period of time (usually a year)

31. 29. Define natural resources. – Raw materials used to make goods. Examples include land, water, forests, minerals, soil, and climate.

32. 30. Define Human resources. – Workers needed with the appropriate knowledge, skills, and experience to make goods or provide services

33. 31. Define capital resources. – Machines, factories, and supplies needed to produce goods and services

34. 32. Define entrepreneurship. – The people who bring natural resources, labor resources, and capital resources together to produce goods and services

35. 33. What country began the Age of Exploration? – Portugal

36. 34. What country colonized Australia? – United Kingdom

37. 35. What did the pope determine the boundaries of? – The Spanish and the Portuguese empires

38. 36. Who helped Portugal take the lead in exploration and provide money for students to study navigation? – Prince Henry the Navigator

39. 37. Why did the Europeans explore? – To find a sea route to the spices of Asia – To find gold, silver, and precious stones – To expand their knowledge of the world – To control a larger empire – To expand Christianity – GOLD, GOD, AND GLORY

40. 38. What did Captain James Cook do? – Claimed Australia for Great Britain

41. 39. What 4 things contributed to the outbreak of WWI? – Imperialism, Militarism, Nationalism, Alliances

42. 40. What treaty ended WWI? – Treaty of Versailles

43. 41. What were the effects of the Russian Revolutions? – Stopped Russia’s participation in the war – Czar was overthrown – Russia became the Soviet Union

44. 42. What were the stipulations to the Treaty of Versailles? – Required Germany to take full responsibility for the war – They had to give up overseas colonies – Make their armed forces smaller – Pay reparations for the war.

45. 43. Who are the allies during WWII? – United Kingdom, Russia, France, Italy, and Japan

46. 44. Who are the central powers during WWII? – Germany, Austria – Hungary, Ottoman Empire

47. 45. What were the Nazi’s? – National Socialist German Workers Party

48. 46. What is the Berlin Wall? – A wall built by the communist to make it hard for anyone to escape from communist East Berlin to democratic West Berlin

49. 47. What is the Iron Curtain? – Iron Curtain came to symbolize the dividing line that separated Western Europe and Eastern Europe.

50. 48. What is the holocaust? – Where the Nazi’s removed millions from their homes and sent them to prison camps. 6 million people were killed.

51. 49. What two countries were the superpowers after WWII? – United States and the Soviet Union

52. 50. What is a major cause of the Cold War? – Both had nuclear weapons. – Neither trusted each other. – Great tension existed between the two. – People feared that this tension would one day result in nuclear war.

53. 51. What was the effect of the Berlin Wall coming down? – Reunification of Germany