1. AJ Heroux with Teresa Montaruli

2. Playing in the Snow!! Outline –What is IceCube? History Deployment DOMS IceTop –Shadow of the moon Motivation Methods Results –Future Work –Work done with DOMs

3. AMANDA was the precursor to IceCube Roughly 600 PMTs Buried at depths from 1500- 2000 m Pioneered the hot water drilling used in IceCube Still functional, will be able to work with IceCube

4. IceCube – The Next Generation 4800 PMT Buried at depths from 1500 to 2500 m Much greater sensitivity and accuracy over AMANDA Coincidences and veto by IceTop will help streamline analysis

5. Cherenkov Radiation and Neutrino Detection Created by ultra- relativistic particles This light is what the AMANDA/IceCube DOMs detect Similar to sonic boom or shockwave, but EM based For AMANDA/IceCube, produced by muons from muon neutrinos When DOMS are triggered in a row, there is a chance for a signal

6. Shadow of the Moon Motivations Calibration Absolute Pointing Accuracy Angular resolution

7. Methods for Calibration Known neutrino sources – AGN, Supernovae, Accreting Black Holes…. or not Moon/Sun Shadow with Atmospheric Muons from Cosmic Rays

8. How to find the Shadow? Need to know where it is –Albrecht Karle’s code –My code: SLALIB –NASA JPL Ephemerides Accuracy –10’ longitude, 3” latitude Result: My code will be implemented in IceCube software Sun Moon Declination in Degrees Sun and Moon Declination in Degrees - 2005

9. Calculating the Muon Deficit Need to know several key values –Atmospheric Muon Flux –Effective Area of IceCube –Radius of the Moon disc and Search Bin From there we calculate –Expected Muon Events –Blocked Muon Events –Significance of the Deficit

10. Cosmic Ray Muon Flux Images from Paolo Desiati, AMANDA Collaboration

11. Calculations for the Moon Based on 2005 Data Cosmic Muon Flux Search Bin Size of Moon Effective Area of IceCube Expected Background Blocked Events Significance of Deficit

12. AMANDA vs IceCube 31.39σ in 64 days1.88σ in 64 days38.92 in 98 days2.34σ in 98 days Significance 21898 959 33679 1010 Events Absorbed 486568 121444 748356 186756 Events Expected 0.18 or 64 days 0.27 or 98 days Moon above 20۫۫ 10 6 m²3·10 4 m²10 6 m² 3·10 4 m² Effective Area 1°3°1°3° Angular Resolution 8.5·10 -9 cm -2 sec -1 sr -1 Cosmic Ray Flux IceCubeAMANDAIceCubeAMANDA-II SunMoon

13. Future Work It will now be possible to calibrate IceCube every month using this method. Starting in 2014, the moon will not reach the 20 degree cutoff until around 2017

14. STF Work: My Program Sorts through any test results generated by ReadSTFTest.pl from Hagar Landsman. Sorts data based on temperature of test, date of test, or on separate value from test. Multiple output options, and changing code from test to test is contained within first few lines of code.

15. Results good bad good

16. Acknowledgements Teresa Montaruli – IceCube Collaboration Hagar Landsman – IceCube Collaboration Ed Mierkiewicz – UW Astronomy Dept Bob Benjamin – UWW Physics Dept The whole IceCube group especially JuanCarlos Diaz-Valez, Jonathan Dumm, Alessio Tamburro, Albrecht Karle The other REU Students