1. Characterization of the chemicals and water vapour distribution in the upper-troposphere lower-stratosphere from the M55 aircraft observations during the AMMA campaign Francesco Cairo (CNR), Kathy Law (SA-IPSL-CNRS), Hans Schlager (DLR), Federico Fierli (CNR), Stephan Borrmann (U. Mainz), M. Streibel (SCOUT Ozone Unit), C. Schiller (FZ), M. Volk (U. Frankfurt), S. Viciani (CNR), V. Yushkov (CAO), I. Bouarar (SA), C. Blom (MPI-K), F. Ravegnani (CNR), F. Stroh (FZ), S. Arabas (U. Warsaw), E. Kerstel (Utrecht), P. Mazzinghi (CNR), A. Ulanovsky, AMMA-AOC and many others… M55 Flights in AMMA-SCOUT 12:50-16:23TTL characterization/ CALIPSO13/08/06 13:27-17:13 4:10-7:51 Transfers: Ouaga-Marrakech- Verona 16-17/08/06 8:26-12:13TTL characterization - LRT04/08/06 12:15-16:07Deep convection - MCS close-up07/08/06 11:45-15:51CALIPSO validation08/08/06 14;45-18:22Deep convection - aged outflow11/08/06 21:25-01:17 11:00-15:00 Transfers: Verona-Marrakech- Ouaga 31/07/06 01/08/06 Time (UTC)Type of flightDate See http://www.isac.cnr.it/~utls/m55amma/ In Darwin, convection was observed reaching higher In WA, CPT was warmer and lower in altitude. Isoentropes were also lower. Sampled LS airmasses with very different characteristics 1 Aug 2006: Transfer flight Marrakesh – Ouagadougou Also CFC11/CFC12 as indicator of different air age shows peculiar behaviour N2O and CFC11 mixing ratio Show airmasses of different origins 4 Aug 2006: LRT, with FALCON following same route, earlier and lower An aerosol nucleation event was detected, in clear air A second aerosol nucleation event was detected, during the dive Biomass Burning influence Enhanced CCN was observed with very low fine mode fraction, at the top of the sounding INCREASED CCN IN LS 7 Aug 2006: MCS flight, with the DLR falcon Enhanced CO in a dry environment TTL Moister Than Darwin Moist layer in the MCS wake, above a cirrus deck NOy, CO and CCN Enhancement in NOy in clouds, coincident with enhanced CO and a nucleation event 8 Aug 2006 CALIPSO flight. Enhancement in water, coincident with decrease in CO and increase in CO2 Nucleation event Slightly above a subvisible cirrus at the tropopause Ozone with layered structure Enhanced CO2 above that levelLS richer in O3 11 Aug 2006 (volcano?) Not depolarizing aerosol at 460K With reduced N2O, CCN and increased O3, water 13 Aug 2006 During the Dive, enhanced CO2 and CCN. Biomass burning Large water content at the hygropause, and water enhanced above. Ozone reduced in the stratosphere 16 Aug 2006 low CCN on ascent inside a cloud, with a very low (0.1) ratio of non volatile fraction high NOy and low CO2 were also detected. water enhanced in LS Conclusions Tropical Stratosphere: Only last local Ouagadougou flight reaches into isolated tropical pipe Observation region is inactive in terms of isentropic mixing across subtropical barrier TTL: No evidence for isentropic inmixing from extratropical stratosphere below tropopause CONVECTION: Max. outflow level @ 360 K or 14-15 km. Evidences of BB catchment, Vertical mixing: CO shows small overshooting signature, not in CO2 Volcanic aerosol observed on one flight Ouaga TTL wetter and warmer than in Darwin, Ouaga isoentropes lower, In our observation, Ouaga convection reached lower than in Darwin. CCN and O3 in LS are much higher in Ouaga.