1. Six Sigma Foundations Continuous Improvement Training
XY Matrix
Six Sigma Foundations
Continuous Improvement Training
SEGWAY: Yesterday we did Brainstorming on Why you would be late for class. Some of you also Voted on which Reason(X) was important and chose your top 3 items. Today we are going to learn a different method that involves scoring of the X’s and their effect on the Y. This is just another way to prioritize items and which X’s have the largest impact on Y.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

2. Key Learning Points Tool to Quantify Opinions Tool for Prioritization
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

3. What Do You Want to Know? What do you want to know?
What are the inputs (Xs) and outputs (Ys) associated with this project?
How do you want to see it?
The graphical answer should be displayed via a process map.
What type of tool produces this picture?
Excel can provide this analysis via a special worksheet.
What type of data does this tool require?
A list of Xs and Ys is required.
Where and how can you get this data?
This information should come from the process map. All the Xs and Ys of this project should be identified on the map.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

4. XY Matrix Agenda Why do we need an XY matrix?
Who should create an XY matrix?
How to create a useful XY matrix?
Example - Developing an XY Matrix
In-class exercise
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

5. Why Do We Need an XY Matrix?
An XY matrix should allow everyone involved with a process to agree on outputs critical to the product and/or customer.
Through numerical ranking, this matrix will allow your team to assign a level of importance to each output variable.
Through association, the matrix will allow a team to numerically assess the effect of each X on each Y.
This is the team’s first stab at determining Y = f(X).
Finally, this document will lead the way to an area of focus on the process FMEA.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

6. CUSTOMER Input And Verification Is Strongly Suggested.
Who Should Create an XY Matrix?
The focused team working on a breakthrough project.
ANYONE who had or has a role in defining, executing, or changing the process, including:
Operators
Maintenance technicians
Engineers
Supervisors
Managers
Design engineers
CUSTOMER Input And Verification Is Strongly Suggested.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

7. How to Create a Useful XY Matrix
Step 1: Use available information sources like process maps to aid you in your identification of inputs and outputs.
Step 2: List the output variables (Ys) along the top section of the matrix. These are outputs that the team and/or customer deem important. These may be a subset of the list of Ys identified on the process map.
Step 3: Rank each output numerically using an arbitrary scale (possibly 1 to 10). The most important output receives the highest number. Enter these rankings in the Output Ranking row of the matrix.
Step 4: Identify all potential inputs or causes (Xs) that can impact the various Ys and list these along the left side of the matrix.
Step 5: Numerically rate the effect of each X on each Y within the body of the matrix.
Step 6: Use the results page to analyze and prioritize where to focus your effort when creating the preliminary FMEA. The XY matrix is a great team brainstorming tool. It can also facilitate future team activities.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

8. Example Step 1: Review the process map. Ys Xs VA Data VA VA Data NVA
Op loads bracket #1 & housing into weld
fixtureA
Raw Bracket 1
Raw Housings
Loading S.O.P. (1)
Weld Schedules
Air Pressure
Voltage
H20 Circulation
Unloading/Transport S.O.P. (2)
Raw Bracket 2
Subassembly
Loading S.O.P. (3)
Tip Dressing
Unloading/Transport S.O.P. (4)
Gauging/V.I. S.O.P. (5)
Subassembly/Critical Dimensions
Subassembly/Weld Location
Subassembly/Weld Nugget Size
Final Assembly/Critical Dimensions
Initiates cycle start
NVA
Machine clamps VA
Data
Weld (10 welds)
Unclamps subassembly
Operator removes subassembly
NVA
Transports to weld fixture B or C
Op loads subassembly and bracket #2 into
Op loads subassembly and bracket #2 into
fixtureB
fixtureC
Initiates cycle start.
Initiates cycle start.
NVA
NVA
Machine clamps VA
Machine clamps
Weld (20 welds) VA
Weld (20 welds)
Unclamps final assembly.
Unclamps final assembly.
Final Assembly/Weld Location
Final Assembly/Weld Size
Final Assembly/No Weld Flash
All Welds Present?
Operator removes final assembly
Transports to gauge fixture.
NVA
Data
Operator dimensionally gauges
NVA
Visually inspects final assembly.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

9. Example
Step 2: List the important output variables along the top section of the matrix.
Y here is a good part… These are the things that classify if the Housing Welding is a good part.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

10. Example
Project:
Housing Welding
Date:
12/20/96
Output
Variables
Width
Dimension
Length
Nugget Size
Flash Free
All Welds
Present
Rank 7 9 8 10
Inputs 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 12 13 14 15
View Results
Delete
Instructions
DEMO
Step 3: Rank each output numerically using an arbitrary scale. A scale of 1 to 10 is often used.
Setting a scale form 1 to 10=best to give greater dispersion.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

11. Example
Step 4: Identify potential causes (failed Xs) that can impact various outputs, and list each one along the left side of the matrix.
X’s are All the things that effect the part being good. The Y’s are all the Things that go into making the part being good.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

12. Example
Step 5: Numerically rate the effect of each X on each Y within the body of the matrix.
Note: This captures what is known so far about the process.
How important is the X to the overall effect on Y(10 is very important)
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

13. Example
Step 6: Use the resulting ranks to analyze and prioritize future team activities. If no FMEA exists, the highest-ranking inputs from the XY matrix should be addressed first.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

14. In-Class Exercise
Break into your designated groups. Use an already created process map or the machining example on the following page.
Use the six-step methodology explained to create an XY matrix (XYMatrix.xls) for the above process.
Don’t forget to use the Xs and Ys identified on your process map as key information.
Be prepared to report your results.
You have 20 minutes for this exercise.
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

15. In-Class Exercise (Alternate Map)VA
(Xs)
C Rotational Speed
C Traverse Speed
C Tool Type
C Tool Sharpness
C Shaft Material Characteristics
C Shaft Length
C Amount of Material
Removed per Cut
S Part Cleanliness
C Coolant Flow
N Operator Procedures
N Material Variation
N Ambient Temperature
S Coolant Age
Machining a shaft
on a lathe.
Cycle Time = 10 mins
DPU = 0.056
NVA
Re-work: Detailed cutting.
Cycle Time = 40 mins
DPU = 0.00
NVA
Inspection.
Cycle Time = 2 mins
DPU = 0.00
(X,Y): Shafts needing detailed cutting
(under-machined)
(Ys)
Diameter
Taper
Surface Finish
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix

16. Six Sigma Foundations Continuous Improvement Training
XY Matrix
Six Sigma Foundations
Continuous Improvement Training
Continuous Improvement - XY Matrix