© Copyright 2007- 2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1 JUDGE OF STROKE, INSPECTOR OF TURNS & HEAD LANE TIMEKEEPER January, 2009.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 2 Judge of Stroke Stroke Judge Chief Stroke Judge Strokes and Turns Judge Turn Judge Judge of Turns Inspector of Turns For your information …

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 4 1.Inspect the technique of the competitor 2.Observe the turns and the finishes to assist the inspector of turns 3.Note all infractions, disqualify offenders 4.Inform referee and or Technical Advisor (TA) if a SWAD swimmer of any disqualifications 5.Within 15 minutes shall inform the competitor and/or coach (if so instructed by the referee) 6.May be assigned extra duty of judging relay take-over. Function of Judge of Stroke

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 6 1.Observe the swimmer, Commencing from the beginning of the last armstroke before touching and ending with the completion of the first armstroke after turning During the “touch” 2.Note all infractions, disqualify offenders 3.Inform referee of any disqualifications (and TA if SWAD swimmer) 4.Within 15 minutes shall inform the competitor and/or coach (if so instructed by the referee) 5.May be assigned extra duty of judging relay take- over. Function of Inspector of Turns

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 12 Filling out the Card 1:25 pm at 50 m On the back of the card, Write the time of the occurrence Write the distance at which the DQ occurred

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 13 Filling out the Card 1:25 pm On the back of the card, Write the time of the occurrence Write the distance at which the DQ occurred Use correct wording to describe the DQ Non-simultaneous touch at the turn at 50 m

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 14 Filling out the Card 1:25 pm On the back of the card, Write the time of the occurrence Write the distance at which the DQ occurred Use correct wording to describe the DQ Sign the card; Print Your Name Non-simultaneous touch at the turn Bob Marley at 50 m

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 15 Disqualification Form At Cardless Meets, Typically a form with specific locations to be completed Including, The Event number The Heat number The lane number Swimmer’s name (used in Ontario – but not at Nationals or Trials) The time of the occurrence The distance at which the DQ occurred Use correct wording to describe the DQ Sign the card Present to Referee and TA if SWAD swimmer Ensure swimmer or coach has been told

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 18 Head Lane Timer Responsibilities 1.Checking the swimmer’s name for each heat 2.Checking the swimmers are competing in relays in the order stated on the card or lane sheet 3.Taking splits – ensuring that 3 times (splits) are taken on the first leg of a relay 4.Ringing the bell on distance events 5.Judge relay take-over These are duties which the Head Lane Timer may assign prior to the start of the meet.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 19 Head Lane Timer Additional Responsibilities  Ensuring no one touches the timing pads  Ensure 3 manual times are collected for swimmers in senior events and for swimmers with disabilities  Long Distance Events (800m and 1500m events) Verify completed lengths with Chief Timer Ensure split time for each lap is recorded Bell is rung oWith 2 lengths + 5 meters remaining oOver the right hand lane marker oContinuously from wall approach to the backstroke flags

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 20 Did you know? Swimmer may … Stop and stand on the bottom of the pool only in freestyle Hang on to the lane rope (to catch their breath) only in freestyle Come back under the lane rope if they have moved to an incorrect lane (provided in breaststroke they take only one stroke)

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 23 Breaststroke SW 7 The Start A dolphin kick is NOT part of the breaststroke cycle and is ONLY permitted after the start and each turn: During or after the first arm pull Followed by a breaststroke kick While the swimmer is completely submerged A dolphin kick is NOT part of the breaststroke cycle and is ONLY permitted after the start and each turn: During or after the first arm pull Followed by a breaststroke kick While the swimmer is completely submerged Head must break the surface of the water by the time the arms have reached the widest portion of the second arm pull. Each stroke cycle must contain one pull and one kick in that order. During each cycle some part of the swimmer’s head must break the surface of the water. Head must break the surface of the water by the time the arms have reached the widest portion of the second arm pull. Each stroke cycle must contain one pull and one kick in that order. During each cycle some part of the swimmer’s head must break the surface of the water. Swimmers with a disability (SWAD) are not allowed to do a dolphin kick.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 26 The Stroke The arm pull must not go beyond the hips (except for the first underwater pull) The arm pull must not go beyond the hips (except for the first underwater pull) Breaststroke

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 27 The Stroke Breaststroke The elbows shall remain under the water except for …. … the final stroke before the turn, during the turn and for the final stroke at the finish.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 38 The Turn One more time … Breaststroke Watch for any alternating movement. A dolphin kick is NOT part of the breaststroke cycle and is ONLY permitted after the start and each turn: During or after the first arm pull Followed by a breaststroke kick While the swimmer is completely submerged A dolphin kick is NOT part of the breaststroke cycle and is ONLY permitted after the start and each turn: During or after the first arm pull Followed by a breaststroke kick While the swimmer is completely submerged Swimmers with a disability (SWAD) are not allowed to do a dolphin kick

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 39 Masters Swimming Only Breaststroke Some swimmers through age or infirmity may be unable to adhere strictly to the technicalities of the stroke rules. In these cases, the theory of illegally gaining an “unfair advantage” shall apply before a DQ is called. Swimmers are responsible for notifying the Session Referee of any such infirmity before the start of the race.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 41 Backstroke SW 6 The Start The head must have broken the surface not more than 15m after the start or turn. SWAD swimmers must have their toes below the water surface at the start.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 44 The Turn … or the swimmer may roll over into a freestyle turn using a single or double arm pull, as long as it is part of a continuous turning action. During the turn, the swimmer may come in on their back, touch the wall and leave on their back. Backstroke Kicking into the turn is still allowed.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 50 Masters Swimming Sometimes the swimmer turns on his chest as he approaches the wall, grabs the wall, brings his feet up against the wall under him and pushes off on his back to continue the race. This is judged legal. If they take an arm stroke after they turn onto their front, then grab the wall and push off on their back, this is an infraction. Sometimes the swimmer turns on his chest as he approaches the wall, grabs the wall, brings his feet up against the wall under him and pushes off on his back to continue the race. This is judged legal. If they take an arm stroke after they turn onto their front, then grab the wall and push off on their back, this is an infraction. Backstroke

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 51 Backstroke The Finish The body may be submerged at the touch. Upon the finish of the race the swimmer MUST touch the wall while on the back.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 53 Butterfly SW 8 The Start Watch that the swimmer takes no more than one arm pull while totally submerged. This must bring the swimmer to the surface. There is no limit on the number of dolphin kicks executed. The head must have broken the surface not more than 15m after the start or turn.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 57 The Stroke Butterfly Both arms must be brought forward together over the water and brought backward simultaneously throughout the race (subject to the start and turns).

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 58 The Stroke Butterfly All up and down movements of the legs must be simultaneous. The position of the legs or feet need not be on the same level, but they shall not alternate in relation to each other.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 62 Arm Recovery is over the general water level. The Stroke - Arms Butterfly SWAD swimmers MUST recover their arms OVER the water!! SWAD swimmer’s shoulders MUST be in line with the normal water

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 66 The Turn Watch for the two hand, simultaneous touch. Arms must be recovered over the water on the touch. Butterfly This picture shows an underwater recovery which is NOT permitted

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 67 Masters Swimming Only Butterfly The only difference is that Masters’ Swimmers are permitted to do the whip kick and/or the dolphin kick. More senior butterfly swimmers may sometimes have difficulty with arm recovery over the water: hands and elbows are acceptable in this instance.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 77 Individual Medley SW 9.1 Fly Back Breast Free (MUST be any stroke other than Fly, Back or Breast) All strokes, turns and finishes must be performed within the rules assigned to that stroke. Watch that strokes are swum in proper sequence.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 78 Medley Relay SW 9.2 Fly Back Breast Free (MUST be any stroke other than Fly, Back or Breast) All strokes, turns and finishes must be performed within the rules assigned to that stroke. Watch that swimmer and strokes are swum in proper sequence.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 79 Medley Relay Takeovers Swimmer may start from the blocks or the pool deck. If warranted, the swimmer may start in the water (water depth or SWAD). The person starting may be in motion as the swimmer arrives. The person starting may not lose contact with block until the arriving swimmer touches the wall.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 81 Questionnaire Please take 30 minutes to complete the questionnaire Please use the answer sheet provided. We will use the questionnaire for the correct answers. Remember! There may be one or more correct answers for each question.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 82 1. The Judge of Stroke has authority/responsibility to: a) Also serve as a Inspector of Turns; b) Disqualify swimmers for any infraction of the stroke rules which he observes within his assigned zone; c) Serve as lane timer, if so assigned; d) If directed by the Referee, inform the swimmer or his coach of each disqualification and provide the rationale for the DQ; e) Advise swimmers of incorrect/inefficient technique; f) Inform the swimmer before he completes his race that he is going to be disqualified; g) Confer with the Referee / TA or other Judges of Stroke as necessary.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 83 2. The Inspector of Turns has the authority/responsibility to: a) Observe and judge the legality of the ‘approach’, the touch and ‘push-off’ of each turn in his designated lanes; b) Disqualify swimmers for infractions of the Turn Rules which he observes within his assigned zone; c) Serve as relay take-over judge, if so assigned.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 84 a) Along the side of the pool; b) At the starting or turning end of the pool, overlooking the centre lanes; c) At the table with the Clerk of Course. 3. The Judge of Stroke should be positioned:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 85 4. The Inspector of Turns should be positioned: a) At the starting or turning end of the pool, overlooking the lanes to be judged; b) Along the side of the pool, between the backstroke flags; c) At the table with the Chief Finish Judge.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 86 a) Where you can move between the side and the end of the pool; b) Mid-way along each side of the pool; c) High in the stands where you can observe the entire pool. 5. When serving as both Judge of Strokes and Inspector of Turns, you should be positioned:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 87 6. In BREASTSTROKE events, the swimmer can legally: a) Swim with the head submerged for the entire race; b) Swim with the head above the surface of the water at all times; c) Swim with the head submerged, provided it breaks the surface of the water at least once during each complete stroke cycle; d) Dive into the wall, submerging the head on the touch; e) Keep the head submerged after the start or turn, providing it breaks the surface before the widest part of the second arm pull is reached; f) Have the elbows above the water for the final stroke before the turns, during turns and at final stroke at the finish.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 88 7. In BREASTSTROKE events, the swimmer can legally: a) Touch with one hand before the other at the turn; b) Touch with both hands simultaneously but at different levels; c) Touch with both hands simultaneously above, below or at the water’s surface; d) Allow the shoulders to leave the horizontal plane before completing the touch.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 89 8. In BREASTSTROKE events, the swimmer: a) May be on the side when coming out of a turn, after the feet lose contact with the wall, before beginning the first arm-pull; b) May take two complete strokes (arm pulls and leg kicks) before breaking the surface of the water; c) May use a single dolphin kick followed by a breaststroke kick, while wholly submerged after the start and each turn; d) May permit the heels to break the surface of the water; e) May use the flutter kick; f) Must use the dolphin kick throughout he race g) May recover the arms on, under, or over the surface of the water, providing the elbows remain beneath the surface; h) May fully extend the arms backward during each stroke cycle; i) May take a complete stroke cycle underwater for the purpose of returning to the correct lane. 8C Swimmers with a disability (SWAD) are not allowed to do a dolphin kick

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 90 9. In BACKSTROKE events, the swimmer may legally: a) Use a double arm pull; b) Use an alternating arm stroke; c) Use an inverted frog or dolphin kick; d) Use a flutter kick; e) Turn his shoulders past the vertical during the stroke; f) Be submerged after the start and after each turn, provided the head breaks the surface of the water by the 15m mark g) Turn onto the breast and immediately initiate a continuous turning motion; h) Scull towards the wall, if he has missed the touch, as long as he/she did not leave the back during the turn; i) After indicating a continuous turn, lift the head to determine the wall’s location without interrupting the ‘continuous’ nature of the turn.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 91 a) Touch with both hands at the turn or finish; b) Touch while on the back, roll on to the front, grab the gutter and push off on the back; c) Turn before touching the end-wall with the foremost part of the body; d) Turn his shoulders past the vertical at the final touch; e) Dive into the wall and touch below the surface while still on the back; f) Be on the breast when leaving the wall after a turn, but return to the back before starting the first leg kick; g) Kick while still submerged, after a turn h) Kick during a continuous turn. 10. In BACKSTROKE events, the swimmer may:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 92 a) Take more than one kick after the start and each turn before taking the first arm pull; b) Use flutter kick; c) Use the frog kick; d) Alternate between dolphin and frog kick at will; e) Swim with one leg consistently higher than the other; f) Recover the arms underwater during the normal stroke cycle; g) Alternate arm strokes; h) Trail legs with no kicking. 11. In BUTTERFLY events, the swimmer may legally: 8C & D Masters Swimmers may use the frog or whip kick

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 93 a) Kick into the wall for a touch with one or more correct leg kicks and the arms extended; b) Recover the arms underwater to complete a touch; c) Touch below the water line; d) Touch with the hands at different levels; e) Touch with one hand before the other but at same level; f) Touch with one hand; g) Turn on to the side before the touch; h) Dip one shoulder going into the turn, before the touch; i) Be on the side coming out of a turn, before beginning the first arm pull; j) Complete any number of underwater arm pulls before returning to the surface after the start or a turn; k) Kick while on the side before beginning the first arm pull; l) At the start and after each turn, the swimmer may be submerged provided some part of the head breaks the surface of the water before the 15m mark 12. In BUTTERFLY events, the swimmer may:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 94 a) Touch with one hand; b) Touch with one foot; c) Touch with two hands; d) Use the Breaststroke; e) Use the dog-paddle; f) Push off on the back after a turn; g) Push off the bottom after a turn; h) Alternate strokes at will; i) Swim submerged at the start and after each turn as long as the head breaks the water’s surface at or within the 15 m. 13. In FREESTYLE events, the swimmer may:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 95 a) Retain the correct form of stroke until a legal touch has been completed; b) Attain the correct form of the next stroke in accordance with the rules by the beginning of the first stroke; c) Be free to turn in any manner after a legal touch has been made for that stroke; d) Remain on the surface of the water. 14. In the INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY, when changing from one stroke to the next, the swimmer is required to:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 96 15. The last one-fourth of the distance in the INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY or MEDLEY RELAY: a) May be the Front Crawl; b) May be the Sidestroke; c) Shall be the Front Crawl; d) Shall be any stroke but the first three of the Medley.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 97 16. The order of the strokes for the MEDLEY RELAY is: a) Butterfly, Backstroke, Breaststroke, Freestyle; b) Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 98 17. The order of the strokes for the INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY is: a) Butterfly, Backstroke, Breaststroke, Freestyle; b) Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 99 18. A Judge of Stroke/Inspector of Turns may disqualify a swimmer for any stroke or turn infraction which he personally observes: a) Whether or not the swimmer is in his assigned zone; b) Only if the swimmer is in his assigned zone.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 100 19. A Judge of Stroke/Inspector of Turns shall, unless otherwise instructed, report the disqualification directly (verbally) to the: a) Meet Referee; b) Chief Finish Judge; c) Session Referee / TA; d) Chief Timekeeper; e) The swimmer/coach within 15 minutes of the infraction, if so instructed by the referee.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 101 20. A swimmer shall be disqualified for: a) Standing on the bottom of the pool except in freestyle; b) Walking on the bottom of the pool in the direction of the race; c) Using a stroke other than that specified for that event; d) Pulling on a lane marker in the direction of the race; e) Pulling along the side of the pool in the direction of the race; f) Leaving the water and then re-entering to complete the race; g) Holding on to a lane marker or pool wall to catch his breath; h) Interfering with the progress of a swimmer in another lane; i) Pushing off the bottom in the direction of the race; j) Breaking the stroke or the orientation of the stroke during the race except in freestyle.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 102 21. In a relay event, when a relay take- over judge observes an early take- over, he should: a) Immediately inform the remainder of the team that they have been disqualified; b) Wait until the end of the race before informing the team about the disqualification; c) Immediately inform the Referee; d) Inform the Referee / TA at the end of the race.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 103 22. In a relay take-overs, the next swimmer: a) May start from the blocks or the pool deck; b) May start in the water when circumstances warrant (water depth/SWAD); c) May be in motion before the touch is made as long as the toes are in contact with the block or side; d) May return and touch the wall if he feels that his take-over was too early.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 104 23. When a Judge of Stroke/Inspector of Turns notes the details of a DQ on the swimmers card, he should also: a) Indicate on the front of the card that the swimmer is DQ’d (i.e. a rubber stamp, bold diagonal line, etc.); b) Sign the card; c) Indicate the time the disqualification occurred; d) Record the distance at which the infraction occurred. NOTE: IF THERE IS ANY DOUBT, DO NOT DISQUALIFY

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 105 a) Ensure that the assigned swimmer is in his lane; b) Ensure that the correct time card is being used for each heat; c) Determine the finish time of the winner of each heat; d) Ensure that the correct times are being read and recorded in his lane; e) Determine the official time for his lane (when directed by the Chief Timekeeper); f) Ensure that one timer takes split times; g) Determine the placing of the swimmer in his lane; h) Notify the Chief Finish Judge, as directed, if the swimmer has made an apparent light touch; i) Operate the lap counters in long distance events; j) Judge the legality of relay take-over; k) Act as Turn Inspector if qualified and assigned; l) Ensure the swimmer in his lane is informed of his official time. 24. Some of the responsibilities of the Head Lane Timekeeper are to:

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 106 25. When an automatic judging and timing system is in use, the Head Lane Timekeeper should: a) Ensure that no one inadvertently contacts the touch pad; b) Ensure that three manual times are provided; c) Transcribe the automatic time from the display board onto the time card.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 107 26. In long distance events, the Head Lane Timekeeper shall: a) Verify the tabulation of completed lengths with the Chief Timekeeper before ringing the bell; b) Delegate responsibility for tabulating lengths and ringing the bell to another Timekeeper; c) Advise the swimmer in his lane of the number of laps he has completed; d) Ensure that the split time for each lap is recorded (on the time card or other official form).

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 108 27. The bell for the bell lap: a) Shall be rung when the swimmer has two lengths and 5 meters still to be swum; b) Shall be rung over the right-hand lane marker; c) Shall be rung continuously as the swimmer approaches and leaves the wall (from the backstroke flags to the backstroke flags); d) Shall be rung for 800m and 1500m events only.

© Copyright 2007-2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 109 28. When judging takeovers, the Head Lane Timekeeper shall: a) Observe the touch-out and take-off from above the lane; b) Keep one finger in contact with the toe of the swimmer on the block; c) Advise DQ’d swimmers immediately, even before the race is completed; d) Observe the take-over from the side of the pool.

© Copyright 2007- 2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1 JUDGE OF STROKE, INSPECTOR OF TURNS & HEAD LANE TIMEKEEPER January, 2009.

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© Copyright 2007- 2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1 JUDGE OF STROKE, INSPECTOR OF TURNS & HEAD LANE TIMEKEEPER January, 2009.

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Presentation on theme: "© Copyright 2007- 2010 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1 JUDGE OF STROKE, INSPECTOR OF TURNS & HEAD LANE TIMEKEEPER January, 2009."— Presentation transcript:

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