1. Listen to your partner speak for 30 seconds (or record it). Write down any “features of speech” that you notice. Extension – List all the differences between spoken and written language that you can think of

2. LO To recognise the differences between written and spoken language To understand some key features of a transcript

3. A transcript is spoken language written down, so it is easier to analyse the features and make comments. Written language C: A can of coke please. S: Diet coke or regular coke? C: Regular please. S: That’s sixty five pence please. C: No, I want two can. S: That’s one pound thirty then. Spoken language C: Er (2) can of coke please S: Diet or regular? C: (2) Regular please S: Sixty five p then please (coughs) C: No, I want two cans S: (tut) (.) that’ll be one thirty then Act out the transcript using the symbols to help you. Extension What do you learn from the spoken version that you wouldn’t from a standard written version?

4. SymbolWhat the symbol means (.)A pause less than half a second long (2)Pause of two seconds Underlined wordExtra emphasis on word Sixty five p then please No, I want two cans Overlapping – it shows words that are said at the same time (coughs)Coughing sound (tuts)Tutting sound C, SInitials of speakers

5. No, I’m not going to London tomorrow No (.) I’m not going to London tomorrow (smiles) No I’m not going to London tomorrow I’m not going to London I’m going somewhere else No(.) I’m not going to London tomorrow

6. In pairs read the transcript checking what the symbols mean using the table provided.

7. The class takes place in a secondary school, first lesson of the day on a Tuesday. It is a history lesson for Year 11 pupils, both male and female.T = Teacher; S1, S2, S3 = students in the class T: right everyone, settle down (.) settle down (.) are we all here then? (.) ok (1) Ravi, where were you on Monday? (.) not like you to be off (.) nothing to do with the homework was it? S1: no sir T: (.) ok then (.) let’s see what you’ve remembered (1) why do most historians say we should study the D-Day landings? S2: sir, erm (.) because it was the biggest sea-borne invasion ever? T: yes, good Susan (1) and what reasons do other historians give? S3: was it cos Roosevelt wanted to get Europe back before winter sir? T: hmm (1) you’re all very sharp today, we must have had three shredded wheat. (1) ok (.) what was the code name for the landings (.) Jane? S3: Overlord sir T: very good Jane (.) and the code names of the beaches where the US Army landed? You might remember it from the film Saving Private Ryan S2: Utah? T: excellent (.) yes Utah and Omaha beach as well

8. 1What effect does the situation or context have here? Classrooms have unwritten rules that everyone follows. Can you suggest some? 2Who sets the topic? How does the teacher signal that the lesson is about to start, and get it going in the right direction? 3.Which words used here are specific to the subject? Specialist language is always a feature of language change. Examples from the transcript are: historians, sea-borne invasion, Roosevelt. Can you find any more? 4Who uses questions? Who uses the most questions in the transcript? Why? Total number of questions asked by the teacher = Total number of questions asked by the students = Who asks closed questions (ones that require a correct answer)? Who gives answers in the form of a question to show they are not sure? S3 does this, who else? 5Who uses a command (an instruction) here? Teachers usually make their commands and their ways of saying ‘wrong’ polite, e.g. not quite. Why do you think that is? 6Pauses are important – what do they say? Find examples of pauses. Why does the teacher pause? 7How to be in charge politely Use ‘we’. Find an example in the transcript. 8. Offer praise and encouragement. Find an example. Make a joke, even if it’s not very good, e.g. ‘must have had three shredded wheat’

9. What is the difference between spoken language and written language???

10. Speech is….Writing is… spontaneousStatic Key features of speechKey features of writing Intonation, volume…Pages

11. 10 5 our mo waz ssstood at the livin’ room windar and she said ( 1 ) ooh look ( 2 ) wish whash wrong wid yer farther, oh my god what’s wrong widdun and this man waz comin up the road’n ’e had a job to put one foot in front of the uther (. ) so she says oh my god there’s summats wrong widdun (.) well when ’e come in ’e was a bath o’ sweat ( 2 ) and ’e says to our mum Nell for God’s sake give us a ’and (.) ’e took ’iz overcoat off (.) and wrapped round in (. ) waz curtain material (. )and our mo waz pullin az ’e was going round like a top (.) and near the end of all this (. ) our mum ’ad enough er curtain material to make curtains for the front of the house(.) and for her three daughters all to have a dress

13. 3 Plenary/Self-assessment Students self-assess and compare what was the most difficult part of using a transcript. Take feedback and discuss with the class. How much transcribing do they think will be necessary for a language change, choice or variation task?

14. AccentoverlapPhatic (fatic) talk slangSpoken Standard English Turn taking accentdialectEmphasis /stress Minimal response interrupt ion Non- standard spoken English fillersjargoncontext

15. accent dialect Emphasis/stress Interruption Minimal response Non-Standard Spoken Englis Overlap pause Phatic (fatic) talk fillers Jargon Slang Spoken Standard English Turn Taking Context

18. A type of language consisting of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal (colloquial), are more common in speech that in writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people. Slang – describes informal language - uses non standard words and phrases - typical of SPOKEN language e

19. Purposes -subversive and therefore reflects the desire to rebel against society’s norms and values -entertain + create humour -Express membership of a group, can exclude non members -Secret language which expresses solidarity

20. What slang words do you use & when??