1. Mass
Definition: The amount of matter in an object.
Units: grams or g

2. Volume
The space occupied by an object or substance
ml or cm3

3. Determining the Volume
Regular Solid (units cm3)
V = l x w x h
Irregular Solid (units mL)
Water displacement
Submerge object in water
Measure water level before and after object is added
Subtract the difference
Volume of Object = Water level After –Water level Before

4. Measuring Volume
Reading the Meniscus at eye level

5. Measuring Volume Determine the Volume Readings…
Using Proper Significant Figures

6. Volume Lab Challenge

7. Lab Challenge! How can we measure the volume of an object?
What can we use to measure???

8. Materials at your lab table See me for other items
What is the volume of an object?
Purpose: Determine the volume of 2 regular objects and 2 irregular objects.
Procedure: Design how you would determine the volume
Goals:
Determine the volume
Check in with me to describe your procedure
Materials
2 regular objects
2 irregular objects
Materials at your lab table
See me for other items

9. Shortcomings of Volume

10. Cork contains air space and it floats in water making it difficult to find its correct volume.

11. Answer the following Questions
What are the units for volume?
When doing a measurement what should the last number you write down represent?
How do you take the volume of an irregular solid?

12. Introduction

13. Explain why the set up looks like this.
How could we get the boxes to balance?
Why is it balanced? (is it just equal numbers?)

14. Steel Ball vs. Marble
What is it about the steel ball that makes the system unbalanced?
What would it take to balance the system?

15. Analysis
What are some similarities and differences between the steel ball and the marble?
Why is one “heavier” that the other if they are the same size?
In what ways could the atoms differ between the two objects?

16. Heavier substance has heavier atoms
Heavier substance has atoms that are more tightly packed

17. Mass vs. Volume Lab
So what is the relationship between mass and volume??
Purpose: To graphically and mathematically determine the relationship between mass and volume

18. Mass vs. Volume Lab Each group is going to be given a piece of metal
Your objective is to determine…
Mass of your object
Volume of your object
We will record the class data
We will create a graph
Mass (g)
Volume (mL)

19. REMINDER Why would we want to…
Find the mass of the object before the volume?
So that the water from the water displacement doesn’t change the mass

20. M vs. V Class Data Object Mass (g) Volume (mL) 1 13 2 14 3 15 4 16 617 7 18 8 19 9 10 11 27 12
117

21. Homework
Finish your graph
WS #1

22. Homework
Finish your graph
WS #1

23. Summarize So…. Based on the results of our mass vs. volume lab…
Does the size, shape or amount of a substance change it’s density?

24. Density Notes

25. Which is more DENSE? Golf ball or a ping pong ball
They are the same SIZE, SHAPE, COLOR, VOLUME

26. So, what is the relationship between mass and volume?
DENSITY!
How much “stuff” is packed into a given space.
It’s the “mass per volume”

27. What is Density? Density is a Characteristic property of matter.
It will always be the same for a kind of matter regardless of shape or size.
Describes how tightly packed together atoms are in different materials.

28. Consider the diagram above. Which circle, A and B, is more dense?
If you said A, YOU’RE CORRECT!
Since A has more particles (mass) in the same volume as B, A would be more dense.

29. Equation g/cm3 OR g/mL Density = mass volume Units: g/cm3
Density is the ratio of mass to volume.
That means you DIVIDE the mass of your object by the volume.
Density = mass
volume
Units: g/cm3 V D M
g/cm3 OR g/mL

30. (Sample Problem)
A 13.0 gram piece of aluminum has a volume of 4.8 cm3. What is the density of the aluminum? G U E S

31. Bell Ringer
A graduated cylinder is filled with mL of water. A 13.0 gram piece of solid is placed into the graduated cylinder causing the water to rise to mL.
What is the density of the solid?
Using IPS pg 58, identify the solid. G U E S

32. Layering Liquids Lab
Density of Liquids

33. Purpose: To make a graduated cylinder of 5 colored liquids that is layered according to their densities.
Prediction: Where will the liquids with the greater density stay (close to the bottom or close to the top)?

34. Procedure Determine the densities of 5 liquids.
Identify each liquid (use IPS pg 58 or CPS pg 107)
Make a data table recording your data.
Make a prediction how the liquids will layer when poured into a cylinder using the lab diagram.
Carefully layer the liquids into a graduated cylinder, using 5-10 mL for each layer. (pour slowly)
Select 2 objects from the table to drop into your layered liquids. Predict which layer they will float in.

36. Properties of Density Heavy vs. Light
Many times when we talk about things being heavy or light what we are really talking about density.
The reason things are “heavy” is because it has a high density and has a greater mass than expected for its volume.
Sink vs. Float
Matter that floats has a lighter density than the substance it is in
Matter that sinks has a greater density than the substance it is in

37. Do liquids have different densities?
Which liquid is oil,
Which liquid is water?
What are the other liquids?

38. Predictions: Why? Coke vs. Diet Coke, which one has a greater density?
If you think of hot and cold water, which has a greater
density, hot water or cold water?
If you think of Carbon Dioxide gas, which has a greater
density, Carbon Dioxide or the “regular” air?

39. Density of a Gas

40. How do densities of substances compare?
Look at table in your packet
What is the range of densities for solids?
0.6 – 22.5 g/cc
What is the range of densities for liquids?
0.07 – 1.6 g/cc
What is the range of densities for gases?
10-5 – 10-3 g/cc
to g/cc

41. Do gases have density?

42. Problems to do right now in your notes.
A parking lot is filled with automobiles.
Does the number of wheels in the lot depend upon the number of autos?
Does the number of wheels per auto depend upon the number or autos?
Is the number of wheels per automobile a characteristic property of autos that distinguishes them from other vehicles?

43. A student has several different amounts of substances A,B, and C
A student has several different amounts of substances A,B, and C. She measures the masses and volumes of these samples and plots the graph shown. Which substance has the greatest density? How do you know?