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Chapter 29 Review Stars.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 29 Review Stars."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 29 Review Stars

2 Which correctly lists objects in order of decreasing mass?
Solar System, Jupiter, Earth, Sun Solar System, Jupiter, Sun, Earth Sun, Solar System, Jupiter, Earth Solar System, Sun, Jupiter, Earth

3 Which line on the graph best represents the way in which the number of sunspots changes over time?
D

4 Which planet has composition and density most similar to the Sun?
Saturn Mars Mercury Venus

5 A scientist comparing the properties of a large number of different stars could expect to find the most variation in the data describing the stars’ luminosity diameter composition temperature

6 The line on this graph best describes the relationship between
the temperature of a star and its luminosity the temperature of a star and its distance from Earth the temperature of a star and its composition the temperature of a star and its location in the universe

7 The timeline shows the sequence of events that occurs during the formation of a star. What is the correct label for the blank in the diagram? nuclear fusion begins internal temperature drops gravity ceases to act rotation begins

8 Which point on the timeline most correctly identifies the Sun’s current point in its lifecycle?
A B C D

9 Use the table to calculate which of the following units represents the greatest distance.
meter parsec light year kilometer

10 A scientist using parallax to determine the distance to a star will notice the greatest shift in a star’s apparent position when measured at 6-month intervals during Earth’s coldest weather at the midpoint of the star’s rotation at the peak of the star’s blueshift

11 Most of the light emitted by the Sun comes from the
chromosphere corona photosphere prominence

12 When the polarity of the Sun's magnetic field is taken into account, the solar activity cycle lasts
22.4 years 22.2 years 11.2 years 11.4 years

13 What causes the dark bands observed in a solar spectrum?
the emission of specific elements different chemical elements which absorb light at specific wavelengths highly compressed, glowing gas warmer gas in front of a source that emits a continuous spectrum

14 The apparent shift in a star’s position caused by the motion of the observer is called
luminosity apparent magnitude absolute magnitude parallax

15 A star that is gravitationally bound to another star can either be part of a star cluster or a ____ star. constellation white dwarf binary red giant

16 All stars, including the Sun, have the following identical composition:
25 percent hydrogen; 73 percent helium; and 2 percent oxygen 25 percent helium; 73 percent hydrogen; and 2 percent other 25 percent helium; 73 percent hydrogen; and 2 percent oxygen 25 percent hydrogen; 73 percent helium; and 2 percent other

17 The ____ of a star determines its temperature, luminosity, and diameter.
mass composition energy output density

18 Combining of lightweight nuclei into heavier nuclei, such as four hydrogen nuclei combining to form a helium nucleus black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

19 Cloud of interstellar gas and dust that collapses on itself to form a new star
black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

20 Visible light arranged according to wavelengths
black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

21 Group of bright stars named for an animal, a mythological character, or an everyday object
black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

22 Minimum to maximum sunspots, a reversal of polarity, and minimum to maximum sunspots over a period of 22.4 years black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

23 Lowest layer of the Sun’s surface from which most of the light emitted by the Sun comes
black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

24 Section of the H-R diagram into which about 90 percent of stars fall
black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

25 Small, massive, dense object that has a gravity so immense that nothing—not even light—can escape it
black hole photosphere fusion constellation main sequence nebula solar activity cycle spectrum

26 The density of gas in coronal holes is greater than the density of the entire corona.
True False

27 The Sun is almost entirely composed of hydrogen and helium.
True False

28 A parsec is a greater distance than a light year.
True False

29 The shaded area of the graph correctly represents the percentage of stars that are in the main sequence of an HR diagram. True False

30 Stars more massive than the Sun use up their fuel at a slower rate.
True False

31 The corona is visible only during eclipses because it is the coolest layer of the Sun’s atmosphere.
True False

32 When hydrogen nuclei fuse, they produce helium.
True False

33 The state of matter found in the Sun’s interior is plasma.
True False

34 The greatest proportion of elements in the universe are those with the smallest masses.
True False

35 Scientists gather evidence about the Sun’s composition by directly sampling material from the Sun.
True False

36 Other than the use of special instruments, the chromosphere is only visible during a solar eclipse when the photosphere is blocked. True False

37 In the modern classification of apparent magnitude, a difference of 5 magnitudes corresponds to a factor of 100 in brightness. True False

38 When the core of a star collapses forever, the extremely dense object that remains is called a(n) neutron star. True False

39 As a star ages, its internal composition changes as nuclear reactions in the star’s core convert one element into another. True False

40 Astronomers can sometimes identify binary stars even if only one star is visible.
True False

41 Absolute magnitude takes distance into account when indicating the surface temperature of a star.
True False

42 Using the parallax technique, astronomers can accurately measure the distance of stars up to 300 pc away. True False

43 The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (H-R) diagram, first plotted in the nineteenth century, demonstrates the relationship of luminosity and temperature. True False

44 Stars are assigned a spectral type, with M being the hottest stars.
True False

45 The mass of a star determines the star’s temperature, luminosity, and constellation.
True False


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