1. 1 2005-2050 THE COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR POWER Graham Ford, CEO HelioDynamics Ltd www.heliodynamics.com Cambridge Energy Forum

2. 2 IRRESISTABLE FORCES OIL & GAS PRICES, GLOBAL WARMING 160 years of crude oil prices, in gold Long range trends?

3. 3 EUROPEAN ENERGY TRANSFORMED CONSERVATION & RENEWABLES Modern energy sustainability: Pan-European grid Demand met by lower cost solar, bio-fuel, wind, wave and sequestered-carbon coal Transport oil-use standards and bio-fuels Materials re-use

4. 4 A CHINK OF LIGHT SOLAR ENERGY BECOMES A BUSINESS In 2005 - 2008, HelioDynamics brought to market 3 concentrated solar energy products The cost of solar energy fell to that of wind and nuclear Europe invested in solar as well as biofuel, wind, wave and sequestration

5. 5 HOW HD TRANSFORMED SOLAR MORE FROM LESS Lower cost Glass concentrating mirrors – made from flat Minimal wind cross-section Easy tracking More value 3 x efficiency 30 x power per wafer 3-day storage S. Europe & N. Africa

6. 6 Rooftop – ‘Harmony’ Product – 1-axis concentrating solar CHP that provides air- conditioning, heat and quiet power. Market – buildings LOWEST COST SOLAR ENERGY Solar CHP - 10 kWheat + 1.5 - 2 kWe per module

7. 7 LOW COST SOLAR ENERGY Distributed power – ‘Concerto’ Product –2-axis concentrating solar that provides electricity highly efficiently. Markets – summer daytime power 2 nd Generation Gallium Arsenide cell technology

8. 8 Process heat & 24/7 Power – ‘Serenade’ Product – 24/7 large scale 2-axis concentrating solar 600 C 3-day storage Markets – Industry and load- following generation LOWEST COST SOLAR ENERGY Solar heat 1000 kW / module

9. 9 HELIODYNAMICS SOLAR PRICE CURVE

10. 10 HELIODYNAMICS GROWTH Through its strong IPR base, HelioDynamics first round funding occurred 2006 Buoyed by its operational achievements, it went public in 2009 Today, it is the largest supplier of new power capacity globally and operates >100 GW of power capacity

11. 11 TRANSFORMED TRANSPORT NEARER, GREENER & LIGHTER Lighter Light-body vehicles, Reduced top speeds, Shared-vehicle commuting Greener Imported bio-diesel & bio-ethanol Corituba-style hybrid buses Bus-bike commuting Nearer Reduced commuting distances to smaller organisations: –multiple skills –web-working from local office or home

12. 12 TRANSFORMED BUILDINGS COMFORT WITHOUT FUEL PASSIVE HOUSES Cut heat losses by 90% Retrofit by cladding Heat from heat pumps, solar or bio-fuel PASSIVE LIGHTING Low-rise buildings day-lit LED lighting standards Solar

13. 13 A PASSION FOR EFFICIENCY JUST LIKE NATURE Efficiency doubling has been achieved through mandated use of: Intelligent controls and web-based demand management Day-lighting, LED and compact fluorescent lighting Solar HVAC and hot-water No direct electric heating of buildings or hot water systems Insulation doubling of buildings, tanks, fridges & freezers High efficiency appliances Low thermal mass cooking ovens Deep materials recycling Mandated maintainability, durability and reliability standards

14. 14 SCALING THE HEIGHTS SUCH RAPID GROWTH It takes 3 – 10 years to implement a pressurised water reactor It takes 3 days to install an offshore wind turbine or a solar distributed power system It takes 6 months to implement a 1 GW solar+biomass steam generator. Just 4% of the land area supplies biomass to meet the grid power requirement not covered by wind, wave & solar.

15. 15 THE SUNLIT UPLANDS ENERGY MIX IN 2050 Primary energy generation mix is: Concentrated solar – 35% using 3-day thermal storage steam & day-time solar CHP Wind – 15% Wave – 15% Biomass – 20% Sequestered coal – 15%

16. 16 2005-2050 THE COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR POWER www.heliodynamics.com Cambridge Energy Forum