1. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Click to continue Hodder Education Revision Lessons Changing housing and service provision in more developed countries

2. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Click to continue How has housing in urban and rural areas changed? Why is more housing in urban areas being built on brownfield sites? Restricting housing developments on greenfield sites and greenbelts. Will this change? What does sustainable housing mean and what effects does it have? Should we demolish or improve existing housing?

3. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Brownfield sites are derelict sites where buildings may have been left empty or demolished. Question: Explain three advantages of building on a brownfield site instead of building on a greenfield site. Click to continue Building housing in urban areas on brownfield sites

4. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Three advantages of building on a brownfield site instead of building on a greenfield site: It removes an eyesore, so local house prices will increase. It means that habitats are not destroyed, so animals are not displaced. There is existing infrastructure, e.g. roads, electricity and water, so it will be cheaper to build. Click to continue Building housing in urban areas on brownfield sites

5. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 A greenfield site is land that has not been used previously for building but it can be built on. A green belt is land on the edge of urban areas that has not been used previously for building and it cannot be built on. Question: Explain three advantages of building on a greenfield site instead of building on a brownfield site. Click to continue Restricting housing developments on greenfield sites and green belts

6. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Three advantages of building on a greenfield site instead of building on a brownfield site: There are no buildings to demolish, so it is cheaper and easier to start development. Greenfield sites provide space for gardens, so it is better for families who will have safe places to play. There are no existing road plans to restrict your planning, so you can build what is best for the development. Click to continue Restricting housing developments on greenfield sites and green belts

7. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Greenbelts were created to try to reduce urban sprawl. This is where the urban area increases outwards. Question: Explain two problems caused by urban sprawl. Click to continue Reproduced from Ordnance Survey map data by permission of the Ordnance Survey © Crown copyright 2011 Restricting housing developments on greenfield sites and green belts

8. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Answers could include: Increased length of journeys, as people commute to the CBD from the edge of the city for work or to use shops/services, so there is more congestion and air/noise pollution. An increasing amount of land is concreted with roads, so there is an increased flood risk. Loss of habitats, so animals are displaced. Click to continue Restricting housing developments on greenfield sites and green belts

9. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Our houses use a lot of energy and this contributes to climate change. Eco or sustainable housing tries to meet housing needs for people now and in the future. Our housing needs to be sustainable economically, environmentally and socially. (1) How can housing be socially sustainable? (2) How can housing be economically sustainable? (3) How can housing be environmentally sustainable? Click to continue What does sustainable housing mean and what effects does it have?

10. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 What does sustainable housing mean and what effects does it have? (1) How can housing be socially sustainable? Houses must be good for the community, now and in the future. For example: social areas for people to meet and mix, e.g. parks, green spaces, community centres mixed tenure so creates a positive mixed community mixed house types so people don’t have to move away as their needs change

11. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Click to continue (2) How can housing be economically sustainable? Houses must be affordable, now and in the future. For example: shared ownership with housing association help for first-time buyers, e.g. no stamp duty stepped ownership where the tenant buys more of the property over time (3) How can housing be environmentally sustainable? Housing must not damage the environment, now and in the future. For example: solar panels, wind turbines, double/triple glazing and insulation all reduce energy needs and therefore the amount of carbon dioxide produced plant roofs reduce flood risks What does sustainable housing mean and what effects does it have?

12. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Some of the housing in our urban areas is unfit for use and can either be demolished for new developments or improved. Tower blocks were built in many urban areas in the UK in the 1950s and 1960s. Since then, many of these tower blocks have been demolished. However, some have been improved to make them better places for people to live. Question: Explain how tower blocks could be made more sustainable. Click to continue Should we demolish or improve existing housing?

13. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Click to continue How could tower blocks be made more sustainable? Some of the flats could be made bigger by knocking two small flats into one. The space could be used to create more bedrooms, which would be good for families or a larger living space for people who want to live nearer to the city centre. Provide more double/triple glazing with larger windows. This will reduce the need for heating/lighting and mean lower bills and also is better for the environment because less carbon dioxide is produced. Remove some of the flats to create community space like play areas or meeting areas, or use it for car parking which would help local residents. Can you think of any others? Should we demolish or improve existing housing?

14. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Question: Explain the advantages of improving tower blocks instead of demolishing them. What does sustainable housing mean and what effects will it have?

15. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 4 Advantages of improving tower blocks instead of demolishing them: It is cheaper to refurbish than to demolish and rebuild, so this saves money for the council. Tower blocks don’t use up a lot of land, so there is less green space lost, so fewer habitats are destroyed. It doesn’t create landfill and less energy is used in constructing the new building, so there is a lower impact on climate change. Can you think of any others? What does sustainable housing mean and what effects will it have?