1. Unit 7 The Great Depression and New Deal

2. Unit 7 Great Depression and The New Deal
Beginnings of the Great Depression

3. The most severe economic downturn in the nation’s history
Great Depression
The most severe economic downturn in the nation’s history

4. Beginnings OF the Great Depression
Causes of the Great Depression
Overproduction of consumer goods
-More products were manufactured than people could buy
Speculation (Stock Market & Real Estate), most direct impact on economy
-People invested in rising stock prices
-Speculation in real estate holdings, drove up the prices

5. Beginnings of the Great Depression
Causes of the Great Depression
Buying on Margin
--purchasing a stock with a 10% down payment, and using loans for the rest
Uneven Distribution of Income
-to much money in the hands of the top 1%

6. Beginnings of the Great Depression
Causes of the Great Depression
Shaky Banking Practices
-Bankers invested depositors money poorly
Restricted International Trades
-US put up high protective tariffs, restricting international trade

7. Beginnings of the Great Depression
Start of the Great Depression--Oct 29, 1929 “Black Tuesday”
NY Stock Market Crashes (prices fell dramatically)

8. Beginnings of the Great Depression
Begins to spread throughout US and World economy

11. Let’s compare the YEE-HAW game to History
Class Room Experience
US History
Many students selected the “Go for the Gold” option with hopes of earning lots of extra credit
Some students bought Bonanza Chips to increase their gains
Point values decreased dramatically in the last round. All but those who chose to “Hold Tight” lost everything they had and sometimes even more.
Even those who chose to “Play it Safe” lost their extra credit

12. Let’s compare the YEE-HAW game to History
Class Room Experience
US History
Many students selected the “Go for the Gold” option with hopes of earning lots of extra credit
People speculated in the stock market with hopes of getting rich
Some students bought Bonanza Chips to increase their gains
Many investors bought stock on margin to increase their gains
Point values decreased dramatically in the last round. All but those who chose to “Hold Tight” lost everything they had and sometimes even more.
The stock market crashed and Americans lost billions of dollars.
Even those who chose to “Play it Safe” lost their extra credit
Banks failed and many people lost everything they had deposited

13. Key causes and effects of the Great Depression
What caused this economic trend?
What were the effects of this economic trend?
Over Production
Speculation

14. Key causes and effects of the Great Depression
What caused this economic trend?
What were the effects of this economic trend?
Over Production
Mass production techniques increased production of goods
Speculation
People invested in stocks and real estate to make quick money.

15. Key causes and effects of the Great Depression
What caused this economic trend?
What were the effects of this economic trend?
Over Production
Mass production techniques increased production of goods.
More products were in the market than people could afford to buy. People borrowed money to buy products, increasing personal debt
Speculation
People invested in stocks and real estate to make quick money.
Drove prices up, so when prices fell people lost everything and couldn’t repay loans.

16. One last thing!!!!!!
Describe one action that the federal government took that made the Great Depression worse?

17. Notebook Check
Find a blank page in your notebook and write Unit 7 at the top
Write down three causes of the Great Depression?

18. Kinetic Sculpture of the causes of the Great Depression
In groups of no more than 3 and using a piece of butcher paper you will create a kinetic sculpture showing the causes of the Great Depression

19. Kinetic Sculpture of the causes of the Great Depression
Your sculpture must have the following:
At least one piece to represent the five following terms: Overproduction, Speculation, Buying on Margin, Bank Failures and US Tariffs
A picture of each piece and how it works together
A label indicating what causes of the Great Depression each piece represents
A written paragraph explaining your sculpture, making sure to include all five terms and how they work together and relate to the causes of the Great Depression.
Any color or creative touches that you want to add.

20. Unit 7 Great Depression and The New Deal
Human Impact of The Great Depression

21. Human Impact of The Great Depression
Wall Street to Main Street
-Investors lost savings (Can’t pay loans)
-Companies could not sell stocks to raise money (prices drop everywhere)
Corporations have to close down
-Bank failures

22. Human Impact of The Great Depression
-Manufacturers closed down factories (Prices dropped)
-Widespread Unemployment
-People Lost their homes
-Bank Failures
No insurance or safety nets available to anyone, depression begins to affect all areas of society
Human Impact of The Great Depression

23. Human Impact of The Great Depression

24. Human Impact of The Great Depression
Dust Bowl (1930’s)—Drought & Heavy Winds carried top soil away, buried homes, and destroyed harvests.
-over a million farmers were driven off their land, many migrated to California

25. Human Impact of The Great Depression
Mexican Repatriation— about half a million Mexican- American workers were forcibly sent back to Mexico

26. Human Impact of The Great Depression
Recording the Misery
John Steinbeck (Wrote The Grapes of Wrath)— showed the suffering of migrant families and the very poor during the Dust Bowl and Great Depression
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27. Human Impact of The Great Depression
Dorothea Lange— Used her photographs to show the country the misery people were experiencing

28. Grapes of Wrath Book Cover
This excerpt from the Grapes of Wrath includes a lot of imagery (descriptive words). On your half sheet you are going to use that imagery to create a book cover for the Grapes of Wrath.
Your cover should include the following:
Title of the book and author’s name at the top of your half sheet
Five numbered pictures of images from the excerpt that you feel are the most important
A list of the five quotes that you used from the excerpt with the number from the corresponding picture

29. Writing a Depression letter
You have been learning about how ordinary Americans experienced the Great Depression. Just like John Steinbeck and Dorothea Lange you will now report about the Great Depression, using the pictures, sources, facts and you knowledge of the Great Depression you will write a letter describing the effects of the Great Depression on US society. In your letter you must include:
An appropriate date and salutation (Dear President Hoover)
A description of your visit to at least 4 different states (one from each wall), each state description must include:
--a sentence describing 1 of the pictures and the conditions people faced during the Depression
--a sentence describing the letter and how people dealt with the problems of the Depression
--a sentence documenting one of the facts from that state during the Depression
At least five of the following words: change, desperation, destitute, dreadful, encourage, honorable, hope, ideals, pride, self-respect
At the end of your article give 3 suggestions about what the government should do to help people. What should they provide, how should they do it, and whom should they provide it to. Underline these in your paper, Be detailed
* Your article must be at least one full page in length and must include all of the above criteria to receive full credit.

30. Unit 7 Great Depression and The New Deal
Hoover Fails to Halt the Depression

31. Hoover Fails to Halt the Depression
Herbert Hoover—President when Great Depression begins and initially does very little
Hoover didn’t provide direct emergency relief to people because he feared undermining America’s “Rugged Individualism”
Hoover wanted Voluntary Private Organizations providing emergency relief, not the government

32. Hoover Fails to Halt the Depression
Hoover begins to act:
Cut taxes
Established Reconstruction Finance Corporation—made loans to businesses and banks
Federal Reserve Board—reduced the money supply during the Great Depression when they should have expanded it (wanted low prices, so people would spend money)
-the supply of money in the economy affects the rate of economic activity

33. Hoover Fails to Halt the Depression
“Hoovervilles” –Make shift Shanty Towns created by the homeless began to form on the outskirts of major US cities
Many people began to rely on soup kitchens and church charity to live
American family begins to break up with many women having to hold the family together while men are unemployed

34. Hoover Fails to Halt the Depression
Many people feel that Hoover did too little and was too late in taking measures against the Great Depression
In election of 1932 voters were so frustrated with Herbert Hoover that he is defeated by Franklin D Roosevelt in landslide election
Franklin D Roosevelt (FDR)—introduced a New Deal program to get the economy moving again

35. Unit 7 Great Depression and The New Deal
Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal

36. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
FDR’s Philosophy
Federal government responsible for running the economy
Wanted to permanently increase the size and role of the federal government
Passage of 21st amendment repealing Prohibition

37. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
FDR’s Style
Used “Fireside Chats” to communicate, used the radio to speak directly to the American people
Relied on his “Brain Trust”—a group of talented advisers to FDR

38. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
Women in the Great Depression
Women experienced the depression as wives and mothers (Caring for the children and needs of the family)
Women found inspiration in Eleanor Roosevelt and Frances Perkins
Eleanor Roosevelt—a political activist, who served as the eyes and ears to her husband President Roosevelt
Frances Perkins—first female cabinet member as Sec. of Labor

39. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
FDR’s Program for lifting the nation out of the Great Depression
-When FDR took office, he called congress into special session to pass this legislation
-Much of his massive legislation program was enacted by Congress in 100 days
-Consisted of programs focused on “Relief, Recovery, and Reform”

40. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
New Deal Legislation
Relief—short term actions designed to help people until the economy recovered
FDR wanted to fix bank crisis, and help homeowners, farmers and unemployed
Banking Holiday—closed all banks, can only open if financially sound
Gave emergency loans to homeowners

41. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
New Deal Legislation
Created government jobs to get people back to work
-Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)—planting trees & cleaning up forests
-Works Progress Administration (WPA)—hired artists, writers, musicians to create artworks and plays
-Public Work Administration (PWA)—build public projects (schools, roads, bridges)

42. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
New Deal Legislation
Recovery—stimulate demand & restore incentives to produce
Priming the Pump—govt puts money directly into the economy to get it going
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)—legislation to keep the prices of farmed goods up (planting less or govt buying & storing)
National Recovery Administration (NRA)—a series of codes that businesses had to follow that set prices, production limits, and wages

43. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
New Deal Legislation
Reform—create measures to remedy defects of the US economy to prevent future depressions
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)—insured bank deposits to restore people’s confidence in the nations banks
Social Security Act (SSA)--provided a safety net for workers with unemployment insurance, old age pensions, and insurance for families of those who died early; paid for by contributions by both employees and employers

44. Franklin Roosevelt and The New Deal
New Deal Legislation
Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)– a govt agency to watch over the stock market and prevent another collapse
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)—built several dams along the Tennessee river for flood control and electricity

45. Great Depression vs Great Recession

46. Herbert Hoover vs Franklin D. Roosevelt
Ideas on govt and/or steps taken to end the Depression
*wanted businesses to take direct action to revive economy *
*Supported direct action by the federal government
Title for each quote
New Title for each song

47. Title for each quote

48. Title for each Song
Each of the candidates had theme songs to gain popular support for the election of After listening to each of these campaign songs create a new title for each of the songs based on the message of the song and each candidate’s views on how to fix the Great Depression
Herbert Hoover—Brother can you spare a dime
--music
--lyrics
Franklin D. Roosevelt—Happy Days are here Again
--music
--lyrics

49. LETS WRITE ABOUT IT!!!!!!!!
Finally at the bottom of your notebook page write two sentences contrasting Hoover and FDR and their overall ideas and approaches to fixing the Great Depression.

50. New Deal matching
1. Write the following agencies in your notebook
2. Use the clues in the pictures around the room to identify the following New Deal Agencies
3. Write the number next to the correct agency
Works Progress Administration
Tennessee Valley Authority
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Security Exchange Commission
Social Security Administration
Civilian Conservation Corps
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Public Works Administration
National Recovery Administration

51. Number 9

52. New Deal matching
1. Write the following agencies in your notebook
2. Use the clues in the pictures around the room to identify the following New Deal Agencies
3. Write the number next to the correct agency
Works Progress Administration--3
Tennessee Valley Authority--1
Agricultural Adjustment Act--5
Security Exchange Commission--8
Social Security Administration--7
Civilian Conservation Corps--4
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation--2
Public Works Administration--6
National Recovery Administration--9

53. Now its your turn
In your notebook you are going create a poster to represent the three following agencies
Social Security Administration
Security and Exchange Commission
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Your notebook poster must include each of the following:
-A symbol to represent what one agency provides
-A picture of who one agency helps
-A slogan explaining what one agency does
-A sentence describing how each agency continues to affect the lives of US citizens today

54. Unit 7 Great Depression and The New Deal
Reactions to and Impact of the New Deal

55. Reactions to the New Deal
Critics of the New Deal— wanted govt money to go directly to the needy
Liberty League—FDR was creating a dictatorship bordering on socialism
Dr. Francis Townsend— monthly pension for anyone over 65
Father Coughlin—wanted nationalization of banks and utilities, also preached Anti- Semitism
Huey Long—give payment to all families by taxing the rich

56. Reactions to the New Deal
US Supreme Court threatens the New Deal by declaring some parts unconstitutional
Schechter Poultry v US—Supreme Court case that overruled part of the New Deal (codes set by FDR for fair business practices)
Court said that Congress could not give the President powers that were not granted directly or indirectly in the Constitution

57. Reactions to the New Deal
FDR’s Court Packing Plan—Wanted to Stop Supreme Court from blocking New Deal
Roosevelt developed a Court-packing scheme where he proposed that the President appoint an additional Justice to the Court for each one over the age of 70 ½.
This plan was rejected by Congress and the American public as an attempt to upset the traditional balance of power that existed in American Government (Violated Separation of Powers)

58. Analyzing political cartoon
O-Overview- what do you notice at first glance?
P-Parts-List what parts you see
T-Title
I-Interrelationships- How do the objects relate to one another?
C-Conclusion- What is your final conclusion about the cartoon?

59. Impact of the New Deal on State and Federal Governments
Under the New Deal the power of the Federal Government increased dramatically, govt no longer just regulated
Govt now has responsibility to run economy, and control its citizens actions within the economy
Federal & State agencies change govt’s role in society, govt now has a much larger role in people’s everyday life
Govt now has to raise taxes dramatically to fund these programs
The New Deal established a legacy of government agencies, regulations, and procedures that exist today

60. Finally On the bottom half of your paper
The New Deal was a (positive or negative) piece of legislation in that it (helped or hurt) the country during the Great Depression and long after by ________________, _______________, and____________________.

61. Supreme Court Packing Scheme Political Cartoon
In groups of three you will create a political cartoon over FDR’s attempt to pack the Supreme Court
-1st Your political cartoon you will need to have at least 3 of the 5 cartoons to represent the following: FDR, New Deal, Supreme Court, Congress, and America
-2nd You will need to label each of these in your cartoon
-3rd You will also need to come up with a title for your cartoon
-4th Underneath your cartoon you need to explain in two sentences why people were against FDR’s attempt to pack the supreme court?
Things to Remember:
Your cartoon must clearly express the Against/Negative viewpoint in your cartoon
Make sure that your cartoon is colorful and neat
This is due before your quiz #Havefun #HistoryAwesome