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Current Nanospin related theory topics in Prague in collaboration with Texas and Warsaw based primarily on Nottingham and Hitachi experimental activities.

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Presentation on theme: "Current Nanospin related theory topics in Prague in collaboration with Texas and Warsaw based primarily on Nottingham and Hitachi experimental activities."— Presentation transcript:

1 Current Nanospin related theory topics in Prague in collaboration with Texas and Warsaw based primarily on Nottingham and Hitachi experimental activities

2 Range of materials or model systems -2D models with simple Rashba spin-orbit coupled bands -Dilute-moment ferromagnetic semiconductors: still simple bands yet strongly exchange and SO split dilute moment – tunable, weak dipolar fields, smaller STT currentsAsGa Mn -Systems with complex bands but room T c : FeNi, CoFe, CoPt,….

3 Technical issues -Analytical calculations (Rashba model) k.p semiphenomenological modelling (typical for semiconductors) extensive library of home-made routines spd-tight-binding modelling (half way between phenomenological and ab initio) home-made codes Full ab initio heavy numerics (transition metals based structures) standard full-potential libraries, home-made relativistic ab-initio codes -Conclusions derived from bulk band structures total energy calculations, Boltzmann and Kubo transport equations Device specific modeling Landauer-Buttiker formalism

4 Extraordinary magnetoresistance (AHE/SHE, AMR, STT) B V I _ + + + + + + + + + + + + + _ _ _ _ _ FLFL Ordinary magnetoresistance: response in normal metals to external magnetic field via classical Lorentz force Extraordinary magnetoresistance: response to internal magnetization in ferromagnets via quantum-relativistic spin-orbit coupling e.g. ordinary (quantum) Hall effect I _ F SO _ _ _ majority minority V e.g. anomalous Hall effect or anisotropic magnetoresistance

5 Intrinsic vs. extrinsic AHE in Rashba 2D systems semicalssical Boltzmann eq. intrinsic skew scatteringside jump group velocity distribution function quantum Kubo formula int.skew side jump sc. Solvable analytically

6 Proposed experimental setup skew scattering term: - absent in 2DEG for two-band occupation - absent in 2DHG for any band occupation extenting the study to: - 4-band spherical Kohn-Luttinger model - full 6(multi)-band model of DMSs - ab initio band structures of metals Rashba spherical K-L model so far microscopic calculations of intrinsic AHE only in these systems

7 Origin of non-crystalline and crystalline AMR in GaMnAs ~(k. s) 2 ~M x. s x SO-coupling – spherical model FM exchange spiitting hot spots for scattering of states moving  M  R(M  I)> R(M || I) Boltzmann eq. in relax. time approximation1 st order Born approximation 4-band spherical Kohn-Luttinger model kyky kxkx kxkx kxkx kyky kyky M M 1/  k (M)

8 M [110] current ) )   theory exp. spherical model: non-crystalline AMR only full 6-band Hamiltonian: non-crystalline and crystalline AMR - explains sign of non-crystalline AMR - consistent with experimentally seen increasing role of crystalline terms with increasing compensation - large AMR dominated by crystalline terms in ultrathin layers not explained by bulk theory M current ) 

9 Mn Ga As Mn Ferromagnetism mediated by As p-orbital-like band states: - basic SO coupling related symmetries similar to familiar GaAs, unchanged by Mn Ga - carriers with strong SO coupling and exchange splitting due to hybridization with Mn Ga d-orbitals pxpx pypy - straightforward means for relating intuitive physical pictures with microscopic calculations - compare with ferro metals: model of scattering of non-SO-coupled non-exchange-split s-state carriers to localized d-states  difficult to match with ab initio theories with mixed s-d carriers

10 Strain and doping-depent magnetocrystalline anisotropy macroscopic elastic theory simulations of strains GaMnAs microscopic magneto- crystalline anisotropies

11 New device functionalities and new opportunity for exploring the rich phenomenology of magnetocrystalline anisotropies in (Ga,Mn)As

12 Close relatives to GaMnAs with new degrees of freedom n-type DMSs, higher T c,… III = I + II  Ga = Li + Zn GaAs and LiZnAs are twin semiconductors Prediction that Mn-doped are also twin ferromagnetic semiconductors No limit for Mn-Zn (II-II) substitution Independent carrier doping by Li-Zn stoichiometry adjustment Limited confidence in ab initio calc. Reasonable confidence when comparing to GaMnAs bench-mark material

13 L As p-orb. Ga s-orb. As p-orb. EFEF Electron mediated Mn-Mn coupling in n-type Li(Zn,Mn)As similar to hole mediated coupling in p-type (Ga,Mn)As Tc~Tc~

14 Family of I-II-V hosts

15 - theoretical exploration of I-II-V’s  I-Mn-V’s  I-(II,Mn)V DMSs - MOCVD growth of the most promising theory candidates - MBE growth to achieve better stoichiometry control for the promising MOCVD materials

16 Mn I formation in mixed (Al,Ga)As and Ga(As,P) higher in (Al,Ga)As and Ga(As,P) than in GaAs smaller interstitial space only in Ga(As,P) Less interstitials in Ga(As,P) more interstitials in (Al,Ga)As

17 L As p-orb. Ga s-orb. As p-orb. EFEF n-type AlAs with int. Mn only Comparable T c to n-type hosts with substitutional Mn moments electrons can mediate FM coupling for both subst. and int. Mn


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