1. Successful Implementation of GIS Techniques for Route Alignment & Surveys of Power Transmission Projects of POWERGRID Power Grid Corporation Of India Ltd

2.  To optimize cost of transmission line Line length, number of locations, deviations Minimum river crossings Minimum forest areas Accessibility, right of way considerations To assess route constraints and do construction planning  To ensure statutory clearances Ground clearance Horizontal/Right of way clearance Clearances from power lines, railway lines, road crossings etc. Why Surveying Is Important ?

3. UHV Transmission Lines - 765 kV, Requiring Large ROW

4. Long Distance Transmission Lines – 500 kV HVDC

5. Transmission Lines thru’ Agricultural fields

6. Transmission Lines in Hilly areas

7. Multiple Transmission Lines Through Same Corridor

8. Transmission Line River Crossings

9.  Project Conceptualization / Project Feasibility Stage  Faster and accurate techniques required to evaluate various line routes  Pre-Construction Stage  Route alignment, Detailed Mapping of right of way, ground profiling, finalisation of tower locations with geo technical details  Detailed contouring of undulated terrain for estimation of benching and revetment quantities  Project Construction Stage  Check Survey only Transmission Line Surveying

10. Large Quantity variations during execution stage avoided Constraints assessed in advance Engineering activities can be taken in advance Construction work can be taken up immediately after contract award Reduction in IDC due to reduction in project execution time – offsetting cost of survey using modern techniques Reduction of even 1-2 kms line length would offset cost of surveying using modern techniques Advantages of Conducting Detailed Survey in Advance

11. Detailed Survey – Modern Techniques  Route Alignment using latest satellite imageries (PAN + LISS III Merged products) superimposed on Survey of India Topographical Maps  Digital terrain modeling in hilly terrain using contouring data  Detailed Survey using GPS, Total stations or alternatively ALTM  Digitized contouring at undulated / hilly tower locations  Identification of Route constraints,  Identification of infrastructure details

12. Detailed Survey – Modern Techniques  Tower spotting & optimization of locations using commercial software like PLS CADD  Estimation Of BOQ  Preparation Of Survey reports  Soil Investigation

13. METHODOLOGY Acquisition of Remote Sensing Data Digitization of Base details from SOI sheets Preparation of Updated Digitized Maps Selection of corridors/alternatives Route Selection Reconnaissance Survey GPS/Total Station Survey Digitized Profiling Computer-aided tower spotting BOQ Estimation, Reports etc. Geotechnical Investigations

14. Digitized Toposheet Survey of India Topo Sheet Corresponding Digitized Map indicating relevant information

15. Digitized Satellite Image Satellite Imagery (5.8/20 m resolution) Corresponding Digitized Image indicating relevant information

16. Selection of Alternative Routes Bee Line Existing Line Alternative 3 Alternative 2 Alternative 1

17. Computerized Route Optimization by Study of Alternative Routes Bee Line Existing Line Alternative 3 Alternative 2 Alternative 1

18. Digital Terrain Model Computerized Three Dimensional Image Bee Line Alternative-3 Alternative-1 Alternative-2

19. Advantages of Modern Survey Techniques over Traditional survey Method

20. Topographic Sheet – Indicates only Nala

21. Satellite Image – Indicates Large waterbody

22. Topographic Sheet – Indicates only a part of Canal

23. Satellite Image – Indicates Another Branch of Canal

24. Topographic Sheet – Not many details

25. Satellite Image – Indicates Recent Infrastructure Developments, Landslide Areas

27. Transmission Line Survey through GIS Change of River Course

28. Detailed Survey on Selected Route  Detailed Survey is done on the selected route using Total Stations.  Plotting of Surveyed Route on the Topographical Maps  Tower Spotting and profiling is done using PLS-CADD Software.

29. PLS CADD Software Power Line Systems Computer Aided Design and Drafting (PLS CADD) is a software developed by Power line systems Inc. USA.  The software is used for Tower Spotting.  The software automatically provide SAG Clearances.  The software automatically calculates wind & Weight Span.  The software prepares the “Plan & Profile View” of the T/L line.  Report Generation. The overall organization of the PLS CADD software is shown in the following slide.

30. PLS CADD Software 3-D Model of Line in Corridor 3-D Terrain Survey Data Feature Codes Design Criteria LoadsClearances Structures GeometryStrength Cables All Properties Reports Material List SpecificationEtc. Drawings Plan & Profile Exported to CAD system Archiving LineManagementFutureModifications Corridor Terrain Ground + Obstacles Installation SpottingAutomaticManualStringingSaggingEtc. Calculations Sag Tension ClearancesStruct-StrengthSwingsEtc. LibrariesInputProcessingOutput

31. Plan & Profile Drawing

32. Key Advantages  PLS Cadd – software used for preparing “Plan & Profile Drawing” and “Report Generation”  Eliminates manual error in Report generation.  Empowers Managers to move / modify structures and see the effect on the Line.  Reports / Calculations of modified structures can be viewed instantly.

33. Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping(ALTM) First reflection (first pulse) Last reflection (last pulse) The laser locator installed onboard records both returns from the vegetation cover and objects on the ground (that is the first pulse) and from the terrain under the vegetation (that is the last pulse). This system together with data processing software are used to create digital terrain model not affected by the vegetation.

34. New Line Construction Knowing exact geometry along the route with as many details desirable as it makes design process much more productive. With laser survey much more efficient and fast to collect the information along the route for new power line design and construction.

35. Evaluation Of Clearances

36. Thermal Uprate Studies Thermal uprate study will become much less complicated process with laser survey data. Three-dimensional information about actual power line geometry and condition brings all relevant details along the route of the power line.

37.  TEESTA-V (Route Alignment using satellite imagery)  SRINAGAR-LEH (Route Alignment using satellite imagery)  PARBATI-II, KOLDAM  KAHALGAON  BARH  KUDAMKULAM  NEYVELI  RANCHI-SIPAT  RAPP-5&6  MAITHON  WR STRENGTHENING  PARBATI-III  URI-II  etc. etc. DETAILED SURVEY USING MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR PROJECTS – COMPLETED / UNDER IMPLEMENTATION

38. Thank You