1. THE LAW OFFICE AS A HEALTHY & HAPPY WORKPLACE Challenges Through Substance Abuse, Dissatisfaction & Gender Differences Stephanie Cox, Abigail Townsend & Amy Jiang

2. Being a Healthy Lawyer Stephanie Cox

3. The Legal Profession High stress Demanding Long hours Deadline driven http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/ 30/americans-now-view-40-hou_n_888231.html

4. Common Issues Substance Abuse  Alcohol  Illegal drugs  Prescription drugs Depression Anxiety

5. Common Issues Annual Report 2010-2011: Meeting New Challenges, Lawyers’ Assistance Program (2010-2011), http://www.illinoislap.org/annual-report

6. Alcohol What is alcoholism?  Alcoholism is a primary disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestation. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by continuous or periodic impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, the most notable being denial of a problem. National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependency and the American Society of Addiction Medicine

7. What are the signs of a problem? CAGE questionnaire Have you ever felt you should Cut down on your drinking? Have people Annoyed you by criticizing your drinking? Have you ever felt bad or Guilty about your drinking? Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or to get rid of a hangover? One “yes” response suggests a possible problem. If you responded “yes” to more than one question, it is likely a problem exists.

8. Here are more questions to help you assess your use of alcohol or drugs. 1. Are your associates, clients, secretary or family unjustly alleging that your drinking or drug use is interfering with your work or home life? 2. Have you failed to show up or showed up late at the office or court because of a hangover or showed up under the influence of alcohol or drugs? 3. Are you drinking or using drugs during the work day? 4. Have you commingled, borrowed, or otherwise misused client’s trust or escrow funds? 5. Are you missing deadlines, neglecting to process mail, or failing to keep appointments or answer phone calls?

9. Questions continued 6. Do you ever really crave a drink or a fix to steady your nerves? 7. Have you lied to cover up your drinking or use of drugs? 8. Have you consumed alcohol or used drugs before a meeting or court appearance to calm your nerves, gain courage, or improve performance? 9. Have you experienced loss of memory (blackout) after drinking or use of drugs? 10. Have you ever had another attorney cover for you because of alcohol, drugs, or a hangover?

10. Rates of Chemical Dependency Annual Report 2010-2011: Meeting New Challenges, Lawyers’ Assistance Program (2010-2011), http://www.illinoislap.org/annual-report

11. Depression A serious condition where intense feelings of sadness, loneliness, and hopelessness are daily occurrences Depression, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH Publication No. 11-3561 (2011), http://www.nimh. nih. gov/health/publications /depression/depression-booklet.pdf Annual Report 2010-2011: Meeting New Challenges, Lawyers’ Assistance Program (2010-2011), http://www.illinoislap.org/annual-report

12. Rules of Professional Conduct Rule 8.4 Misconduct  It is professional misconduct for a lawyer to:  (b) commit a criminal act that reflects adversely on the lawyer's honesty, trustworthiness or fitness as a lawyer in other respects Rule 1.3 Diligence  A lawyer shall act with reasonable diligence and promptness in representing a client Rule 8.3 Reporting Professional Misconduct  (a) A lawyer who knows that another lawyer has committed a violation of the Rules of Professional Conduct that raises a substantial question as to that lawyer's honesty, trustworthiness or fitness as a lawyer in other respects, shall inform the appropriate professional authority.  (b) A lawyer who knows that a judge has committed a violation of applicable rules of judicial conduct that raises a substantial question as to the judge's fitness for office shall inform the appropriate authority

13. Consequences Malpractice suits Bar discipline  Depression as mitigating factor Disbarment

14. Statistics Age Practice Area

15. Suicide Suicide experts say statistics on its relation to occupation are not clear American Psychological Association Canadian study says suicide is the third leading cause of death among lawyers  69 suicide related deaths per 100,000 lawyers 6 times the rate of suicide for the general population

16. Lawyers Helping Lawyers Administered by the LHL Assistance Program Committee Confidential hotline handled by an outside service Lawyer is referred directly to an LHL Committee member who then begins a confidential referral and continues to assist the lawyer in seeking help

18. DISSATISFACTION IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION Causes of the Problem and Solutions to Keep Lawyers in Legal Careers Abigail E. Townsend – Lawyering in the 21 st Century

19. Legal Career Consultants Monica R. Parker Graduated from Harvard College and Harvard Law LeavingtheLaw.com “Empowering unhappy lawyers to find work outside of the law and create the lives of their dreams.”

20. Legal Career Consultants Casey Berman – LeaveLawBehind.com Jennifer Alvey – leavinglaw.wordpress.com

21. ABA Pulse of the Legal Profession Stephanie Francis Ward, Pulse of the Legal Profession, ABA Journal (Oct. 1, 2007, 1:12 PM), http://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/pulse_of_the_legal_profession/.

22. Are lawyers leaving the practice of law? ABA Young Lawyers Division: Only 21% of lawyers surveyed were “very satisfied” with the practice of law National Association for Law Placement (NALP): “…between five and ten percent of law school graduates report that they are working outside of the legal profession within six to nine months after graduation.” New York Times (1990): Approximately 40,000 lawyers left the practice of law yearly

23. Why are lawyers increasingly dissatisfied with the practice of law? Decreasing civility between lawyers Deterioration of committed relationships between clients and lawyers Rising costs of litigation Misconceptions about the legal profession – gap between expectations and reality Work-life balance

24. Decreasing civility between lawyers… Stephanie Francis Ward, Pulse of the Legal Profession, ABA Journal (Oct. 1, 2007, 1:12 PM), http://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/pulse_of_the_legal_profession/.

25. Solutions to prevent lawyers from leaving legal practice: What law schools can do Mentorships with practicing attorneys Courses on how law firms operate “Legal Career Options Day” Myers-Briggs Personality Test

26. Solutions to prevent lawyers from leaving legal practice: What law firms can do Offering professional coaching and career development “Clear sense of one’s professional identity” – better performance More satisfied associates – less turnover Loyalty, culture, morale

27. Solutions to prevent lawyers from leaving legal practice: What individual lawyers can do First, evaluate yourself and find out your own career goals and standards for the work place. Then, adjust your practice of law to align with your character and professional goals.

28. Solutions to prevent lawyers from leaving legal practice: What individual lawyers can do Search for creative ways to practice law beyond traditional practice Try a firm of a different size… or try solo practice. Switch from private practice to public service. Work as in-house counsel.

30. Challenges to Women Lawyers on the Road to Leadership Lawyering in the 21 st Century Amy Jiang Spring 2012

31. Percentage of Female Law Students and Female lawyers on the rise

32. Percentage of Women Lawyers in Leadership positions remains low A Current Glance at Women in the Law (2011)

34. Challenge 1: stereotypic perception of leadership characteristics C ATALYST, T HE D OUBLE -B IND D ILEMMA FOR W OMEN IN L EADERSHIP : D AMNED IF Y OU D O, D OOMED IF Y OU D ON ’ T (2007)

35. Challenge 1: Both men and women exhibit gender-based stereotypic perception. Gender-based stereotypic perception from leaders prevent women lawyers’ advancement toward leadership position. MenWomen Already in leadership position ✔✔✔ Seeking leadership position ✔✔

36. Challenge 2: lack of a balanced hours policy Average billable hours worked: 1800 hours average total hours worked: 2000 hours Catalyst, Women in Law: Making the Case (2001)

37. Balanced hours policy and alternative work schedules Balanced hours policyTraditional part-time Reduced hours ✔✔ Reduced compensation ✔✔ Partnership track ✔✖ Balanced hours policyFlex-timeTelecommuting Reduced hours ✔✗✗

38. Model balanced hours policy Balanced hours lawyers receive the same type of work assignment as standard hours lawyers. Balanced hours lawyers has the same client development opportunities as standard hours lawyers. IT support. Promotion of balanced hours lawyers to partners.

39. Challenge 3: mentoring Female mentor – female mentee Male mentor – female mentee ProblemHard to find female mentor Less opportunity to participate in informal mentoring SolutionFemale lawyers in leadership positions volunteer as mentors Formal mentoring program