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Agri-environmental indicators and GIS-based models - Instruments to assess sustainability of land use systems on regional level Karl-Otto Wenkel and Alfred.

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Presentation on theme: "Agri-environmental indicators and GIS-based models - Instruments to assess sustainability of land use systems on regional level Karl-Otto Wenkel and Alfred."— Presentation transcript:

1 Agri-environmental indicators and GIS-based models - Instruments to assess sustainability of land use systems on regional level Karl-Otto Wenkel and Alfred Schultz Institute for Landscape Systems Analysis Centre for Agricultural Landscape and Land Use Research, Müncheberg

2 1Conceptual determination, and thematic and spatial aspects of sustainability 2Determination of sustainability indicator values using simulation models and spatial data (simulation model - GIS - coupling) 3 Exemplary case studies  Scenario case study (1): Crane habitat quality  Scenario case study (2): N leaching effects of organic farming 4Conclusions - Research needs Outline of presentation Institute for Landscape Systems Analysis

3 environmental aspects social aspects economic aspects  so far no general and uniform understanding of sustainability, but  sustainability should address: Conceptual determination of sustainability

4 [one possible] Solution:  provide information on state and trends of environment by using indicators  determinate indicator values by monitoring or simulation Problem: conceptual and methodological determination of sustainability  What does it mean?  How can it be operationalized (that is quantitatively determined in order to evaluate and compare)?

5 agri-environmental indicator: agri-environmental indicator is a measure of change, or the risk of change, in resources used or affected by land use systems... provides information that can be used to achieve economic, environmental and social goals... current state or future trends of indicator values can be observed, measured or simulated Definition of agri-environmental indicator

6 Indicator classes of sustainable land use and indicator examples habitat availability for certain plants and animals habitat availability for certain plants and animals environmental functions economic functions social functions sustainability indicators agri-environmental indicators  soil fertility  water availability  biological integrity ...  available agricultural area  biological productivity  inhabitant's income ...  employment  recreation value  landscape scenery ...

7 Biological integrity - What is actually investigated ? habitat availability for certain plants and animals habitat availability for certain plants and animals environmental functions economic functions social functions sustainability indicators agri-environmental indicators  soil fertility  water availability  biological integrity ...  available agricultural area  biological productivity  inhabitant's income ...  employment rate  recreation value  landscape scenery ...  availability of habitats for certain landscape specific plants and animals  structural properties of landscape (dissection, fragmentation, connectivity, shape, pattern)  diversity of landscape elements  development potential of landscape

8 Determination of sustainability - Indicators, monitoring and models sustainability operationalization by indicators evaluation by monitoring and/or simulation methodology for integrated sustainability assessment of land use systems agri-environmental indicators indicator monitoring systems computer based indicator models future trends current states

9 Indicator and model based sustainability assessment

10 Sustainability assesssment - Selection and application of models different indicators and different spatio- temporal resolutions for different hierarchic levels

11 landscape level abiotic indicator biotic indicator habitat quality water quality Sustainability assesssment - Hierarchic indicator selection (example) general biotic landscape potential (landscape structure indicators, biotopes, biotope patterns and networks, landscape dissections,...) habitat quality of animals with large area demand within and across ecosystems and biotopes habitat quality of animals with small area demand within specific ecosystems and biotopes amount and quality of water in rivers and lakes (river catchment discharge) amount and quality of ground water in subterranean catchments (regional aquifer) ground water levels in damp ecosystems; ground water recharge and nitrate concentration local level ecotope, ecosystem level

12 Sustainability assessment - Decision Support Systems (DSS) modell guided Decision Support System

13 Sustainability assessment - Indicator related component models different spatio- temporal resolutions for different hierarchic levels

14 Biotic Indicator: Animal habitats affected by agriculture

15 Selected bird species and indicator functions Agricultural landscapes with multifaceted use, including grassland component; richly structured agricultural area Open agrarian landscape with intact kettle-holes; richly structured, non-segmented landscape Fire-bellied Toad (Bombina bombina) Spacious open agrarian landscape; forests, swamps, mires, as factors of complex landscapes; low-disturbance landscape Common Crane (Grus grus) Barn Owl (Tyto alba)

16 Institute for Landscape Systems Analysis Scenario case study (1): Investigation of potential Common Crane habitats in the Uckermark-Barnim region

17 Scenario case study (1): Common Crane Habitat Quality Situation Particularly on account of economic reasons the intensity of production (fertilizers, pesticides) is decreased and a part of agricultural area is set aside. Problem What does happen with the quality of Common Crane breeding and resting habitats? Scenario assumptions  10 % of agricultural area is set aside  mineral fertilization is completely stopped

18 Scenario case study (1): Impact of set-aside current land use situation set-aside area is increased by 10 % of agricultural area Voss, Wilkening, Lutze, Wieland & Schultz 2000

19 Scenario case study (1): Impact of stopping mineral fertilization mineral fertilization is completely stopped current land use situation Voss, Wilkening, Lutze, Wieland & Schultz 2000

20 Institute for Landscape Systems Analysis Institute for Land Use Systems and Landscape Ecology Scenario case study (2): Model based investigation of N leaching effects of organic farming compared to present agricultural practice in Brandenburg

21 Scenario case study (2): N leaching from different farming systems Situation Under current agricultural practice N leaching can be a phenomenon with harmful effects on water quality dependent on site conditions and farming practice. Problem What does happen with N indicator variables when switching to organic farming? Scenario assumptions The whole agricultural area in Brandenburg is used for organic farming.

22 Scenario case study (2): N-model - GIS - coupling

23 Scenario case study (2): Simulated annual nitrate leaching in Brandenburg Kersebaum & Piorr, 1999

24 Scenario case study (2): Comparison of selected indicators Kersebaum, Piorr & Stachow, 1999

25 Conclusions - Research needs  work to identify and define appropriate sustainability indicators in order to analyze and to evaluate the impacts of different land use systems is to continue particular problems:  indicators for slowly acting landscape processes and for  long-term effects of pesticides and animal medicaments  methods to combine and weight different thematic indicators in order to evaluate and compare land use variants integratively  continue development of spatial models for ecological and socio-economic landscape indicators  deepen the knowledge on scale dependence or invariance of landscape processes

26 Thank you for attention ! Questions?


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