1. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #1 Studies comparing CABG vs PTCA have shown that: A) CABG is better B) PTCA is better C) CABG involves more perioperative risk but provides more complete and more longlasting revascularization

2. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #1 Studies comparing CABG vs PTCA have shown that: A) CABG is better B) PTCA is better C) CABG involves more perioperative risk but provides more complete and more longlasting revascularization

3. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #2 Studies comparing on pump vs. off pump (warm heart) CABG have shown: A) Cerebrovascular complications are less common with off pump surgery B) Patients having on pump CABG receive on average more grafts C) Off pump CABG is technically more demanding D) On pump CABG is associated with more bleeding complications E) All of the above

4. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #2 Studies comparing on pump vs. off pump (warm heart) CABG have shown: A) Cerebrovascular complications are less common with off pump surgery B) Patients having on pump CABG receive on average more grafts C) Off pump CABG is technically more demanding D) On pump CABG is associated with more bleeding complications E) All of the above

5. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #3 Minimally invasive cardiac surgical technique: A) Provides quicker patient recovery and less perioperative morbidity B) Is not feasible for most patients C) Can not be performed on warm hearts (off pump surgery) D) None of the above

6. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #3 Minimally invasive cardiac surgical technique: A) Provides quicker patient recovery and less perioperative morbidity B) Is not feasible for most patients C) Can not be performed on warm hearts (off pump surgery) D) None of the above

7. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #4 In respect to mitral valve surgery: A) Mitral valve repair is always feasible B) Mitral valve repair is preferable to mitral valve replacement for most patients with mitral valve prolapse C) Mechanical mitral valve replacement is associated with less perioperative morbidity than mitral valve repair D) Bioprosthetic mitral valves last longer than mechanical or repaired mitral valves

8. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #4 In respect to mitral valve surgery: A) Mitral valve repair is always feasible B) Mitral valve repair is preferable to mitral valve replacement for most patients with mitral valve prolapse C) Mechanical mitral valve replacement is associated with less perioperative morbidity than mitral valve repair D) Bioprosthetic mitral valves last longer than mechanical or repaired mitral valves

9. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #5 Regarding the future of cardiac surgery: A) Improvements in cardiac surgery should reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality B) Robotics will play an increasing role in cardiac surgery C) Training programs will incorporate computer based training software to enhance operating skills D) All of the above

10. CARDIAC SURGERY QUESTION #5 Regarding the future of cardiac surgery: A) Improvements in cardiac surgery should reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality B) Robotics will play an increasing role in cardiac surgery C) Training programs will incorporate computer based training software to enhance operating skills D) All of the above