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Published byCory Chase Modified over 9 years ago
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Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton By: Tim Yacoub and Lizette Magdaleno
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Cytoskeleton Overview Cytoskeleton is a “network of fibers that extend[s] throughout the cytoplasm,”(113). It’s three structures: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments It helps with the organization of activities, cell mobility, and structure of the cell
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Cytoskeleton: Microtubules In all eukaryotic cells, Shape: hallow tubes Made from protein called tubulin by centrioles Help shape and support the cell, Compression-resistant, function as roads for mobile organelles to move along. Aid in chromosome separation in cell division. Special arrangement of microtubules form flagella and cilia.
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Cytoskeleton: Microfilaments In all eukaryotic cells, Shape: thin solid rods Made from a globular protein: Actin, (twisted double chain of actin subunits). Functions as a tension bearer, networks inside the plasma membrane to support cell shape, this layer is called a cortex. Well known for its aid in cell movement, actin, along with Myosin interact, for example, to contract muscle cells
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Cytoskeleton: Intermediate Filaments Coiled cables, larger than microfilaments but smaller than microtubules Made of several proteins similar to keratins Only in some animal cells, bears tension (like microfilaments) More of a permanent structure within the cytoskeleton Reinforces shape of cell, and anchors certain organelles within the cytoplasm
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Cytoplasm Overview Cytoplasm is “the contents of the cell bounded by the plasma membrane, in eukaryotes, the portion exclusive of the nucleus.” (G-9)
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Cytoplasm: Structure It is the Fluid where the cellular organelles are suspended. It fills up all the spaces in the cell that are not being filled by the organelles 3 Residents of Cytoplasm: 1.Cytosol 2.Organelles 3.Cytoplasmic Inclusions
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Cytoplasm: Characteristics Fluid substance that fills the space between the cell membrane and cellular organelles High percentage of water It is colloidal It contains proteins 90% water and 10% organic and inorganic compounds
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Cytoplasm: Zones Plasmogel - peripheral zone of cytoplasm that is thick and jelly- like Plasmosol - zone is thin and liquefied
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Cytoplasm: Function Site of many biochemical reactions Place where cell expands and grows Provides a medium for organelles to remain suspended Aids in movement of different cellular elements Break down macromolecules Transport of genetic material
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