1. Sister Callista Roy, PhD, RN, FAAN Professor and Nurse Theorist

2.  Born in LA on October 14,1939, and worked as a pantry girl at a hospital by age 14, then a maid, and later became a Nurse’s Aide.  BSN – 1963 - Mount Saint Mary’s  MSN, 1966; MA in sociology, 1973; Ph.D. in Sociology, 1977 - University of California, LA  Dr. Roy is with the Sisters of Saint Joseph of Carondelet. (this is what led her to nursing).

3. Professional Contributions  Research: 163 studies: 1970-94.  Books: 1. The Roy Adaptation Model: The Definition Statement; 2. The Roy Adaptation: Model-Based Research: 25 years of contribution to Nursing Science.  Journal Publications- Research & papers on nursing knowledge have appeared in Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship.  Her model has been used to develop nursing school curriculum and in 1987 over 100,000 nurses graduated from schools emphasizing the Roy Adaptation Model.

4. Awards  1989 Fulbright Senior Scholar Award from Australian-American Educational Foundation (to fund the translation of her books into French, Italian, Spanish, Finnish, Chinese, Korean, and Japanese).  1991 National League for Nursing honored her with the Martha Rogers Award for advancing nursing science.  1991 The Sister Callista Roy Lectureship was established.

5. Callista Roy’s Definition of Nursing  A scientific discipline that is practice-oriented.  A theoretical system of knowledge which prescribes a process of analysis and action r/t the care of the ill or potentially ill.  An interpersonal process that is initiated by the individual’s maladaptation to changes in the environment.  Nursing actions are directed to reduce or removing stimuli and to enhancing the adaptive level of the individual.

6. Nursing: The 4 Modes  Physiological mode- 5 basic physiological needs (Oxygenation, nutrition, elimination, activity and rest, and protection) and 4 regulator processes.  Self concept-The composition of beliefs and feelings that a person holds about himself.  Interdependence- maintaining integrity. Involves a willingness and ability to love, respect, and value others and to accept love.  Output- outcome of the system. The person’s behaviors characterized as adaptive responses or ineffective responses.

7. Goals of Nursing  The promotion of adaptation in each of 4 modes: physiological needs, self concept, role function, interdependence thereby contributing to the person’s health, quality of life or death with dignity.  Nursing aims to increase the adaptive responses and to decrease ineffective responses.

8. Catchment/Release Mechanism  Overall, her theory proposes that a primary goal of nursing be the "promotion of Patient adaptation.“  Thus, when a person is not adapting positively, he is of concern to nursing.  Once a person manifests effective behavior, he no longer needs nursing attention

9. Nursing: 3 Major Propositions  Nursing action can increase a person’s adaptive responses.  Nursing actions can decrease a person’s ineffective responses.  People interact with changing environments in an attempt to achieve adaptation and health.