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5. Thyroid & Parathyroid PancreasGrab Bag 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 10 Point 20 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points 30 Points 40 Points 50 Points Adrenal Glands Pituitary Gland & Hypothalamus

6. Location of pituitary gland in relation to the hypothalamus (be specific!).

7. What is… attached to inferior part of hypothalamus?

8. The 2 hormones produced by the posterior pituitary gland.

9. What are…. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin (OT)?

10. Another name for the anterior pituitary gland and the posterior pituitary gland.

11. What is…. adenohypophysis (anterior) and neurohypophysis (posterior)?

12. The 6 hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

13. What are…. 1.Growth Hormone (GH) 2.Prolactin (PRL) 3.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH) 4.Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) 5.Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) 6.Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

14. Explain the hypothalamus’ influence on both lobes of the pituitary gland. Be specific!!!

15. What is….The hypothalamic hormones influence the anterior pituitary gland to produce hormones while neural impulses from the hypothalamus influence the posterior pituitary gland to produce its own hormones.

16. At least 3 symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

17. What are…. 1.Increased metabolism 2.Weight loss 3.Protruding eyes?

18. These two hormones have opposite effects on one another.

19. What are… calcitonin and parathryoid hormone?

20. The location of the thyroid gland and parathyroid glands!

21. Where is…. the thyroid gland lies inferior to the larynx and the parathyroids (4) lie embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid?

22. The hormones released by the thyroid gland (3) and parathyroid gland!

23. What are… thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin (thyroid) and parathyroid hormone (parathyroid)?

24. The effect of PTH and calcitonin on blood calcium levels! Use the words osteoblasts osteoclasts bones kidneys blood Ca +2 levels

25. What is….PTH works to raise blood Ca +2 levels by causing the kidneys to conserve blood Ca +2 levels (not excrete it) and stimulates osteoclasts (cut down bone) and inhibits osteoblasts (build up bone). Calcitonin has the opposite effect by lowering blood Ca +2 levels by inhibiting osteoclasts (cut down bone) and stimulating osteoblasts (build up bone). It also causes the kidneys to excrete Ca +2 ?

26. The location of the adrenal glands.

27. Where is… atop of each kidney?

28. The hypothalamic hormone that controls production of adrenal gland hormones.

29. What is… ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone?

30. The hormones produced in the adrenal medulla.

31. What are… epinephrine and norepinephrine?

32. The hormones produced in the adrenal cortex.

33. What are…. aldosterone and cortisol?

34. The main function of aldosterone.

35. What is… maintaining electrolyte balance?

36. The difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia!

37. What is…. hyperglycemia – high blood glucose levels and hypoglycemia & Hypoglycemia- low blood glucose levels?

38. Cells that produce 1.Insulin 2.Glucagon 3.Somatostatin!

39. What are…. 1.Beta cells 2.Alpha cells 3. Delta cells ?

40. Area in the pancreas where alpha, beta, and delta cells are found!

41. What is… pancreatic islets (Islets of Langerhans)?

42. 3 Differences between Type I and Type II Diabetes!

43. Type IType II Early onsetLater onset Inability for pancreas to produce insulin Insulin resistance: cells insensitive to insulin Autoimmune (beta cells attacked) Not autoimmune HereditaryDiet Quick onset of symptoms Slow onset of symptoms

44. Explain negative feedback in maintaining homeostatic levels of blood glucose. Use the following words: insulin glucagon glucose liver glycogen adipose and muscle cells alpha cells beta cells blood glucose levels

45. What is…After a meal, blood glucose levels rise and insulin is released from the beta cells. Insulin distributes glucose to muscle and adipose cells and also causes liver to convert glucose into glycogen. When blood glucose levels decrease, glucagon is released from the alpha cells which causes the liver to breakdown glycogen into glucose to increase blood glucose levels ?

46. The mechanism by which hormone concentrations stay balanced.

47. What is…. negative feedback?

48. The composition of both steroid and non-steroid hormones! Name at least 4 types!

49. What is…. 1.Cholesterol 2.Amines 3.Proteins 4.Peptides 5.Glycoproteins

50. 1.Gland responsible for secreting thymoxins & 2. What does the hormone thyroxin do?

51. What is.…. 1.Thymus gland & 2.Promote development of white blood cells?

52. Name at least 7 endocrine glands.

53. What are…. 1.Hypothalamus 2.Pituitary gland 3.Thyroid gland 4.Thymus gland 5.Adrenal gland 6.Testes 7.Ovaries 8.Pancreas 9.Pineal gland 10.Parathyroid gland?

54. Name the functions of the following hormones: 1.Prolactin 2.Oxytocin 3.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone 4.Melatonin

55. What is… 1.Prolactin- sustains milk production & amplifies effect of LH in males 2.Oxytocin- starts uterine contractions & starts milk production 3.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- controls secretions of hormones from the thyroid gland 4.Melatonin- maintains the circadian rhythm

56. 50 points Write down your answer…the most specific and best explanation will win the 50 points!

57. Explain what ADH (need the name!) does and alcohol/caffeine’s effect on the hormone and the body!

58. What is….ADH stands for Antidiuretic Hormone …..a diuretic causes one to urinate. This hormone (antidiuretic) causes the kidneys to retain water and not excrete it. Alcohol and caffeine inhibit the production of ADH and cause one to urinate more often and lose water.