1. URBAN SPRAWL Denton High School 2013-2014

2. The map to the right shows the urban sprawl of Baltimore, MD starting in 1792. = Baltimore, MD

3. Definition: Urban Sprawl: –The rapid growth of an urban area, increasing development in suburban areas. Las Vegas, NV

4. What causes an area to change from low development to urban sprawl? Las Vegas - 1956 Las Vegas - 2011

5. Causes 1.Rapid Population Growth -Since 1950, more than 90 percent of the U.S. metropolitan population growth has taken place in the suburbs. -Roughly two out of three people in the nation’s metro areas are suburban dwellers. - People are moving from rural areas to urban areas.

6. + growth in urban - growth in rural

7. Causes 2.Cars – Highways and cheap gas allow people to move to the suburbs

8. Causes 3.Unrestricted Growth – People allowed to build anywhere

9. Causes 4.The digital revolution -The home-based workforce has grown 23 percent over the past decade, according to the U.S. Census. -Makes it easier for people to live further from downtown areas.

10. Negative Effects of Urban Sprawl Stressed Infrastructure –High Traffic –Overuse of water

11. Negative Effects of Urban Sprawl Spatial Inequality –Affluent areas near poorer communities Caracas, Venezuela

12. Negative Effects of Urban Sprawl Food Deserts –urban areas with few, if any, grocery stores with healthy food options Video Link: Food Deserts in Chicago

13. Lakeview: 24 Grocery Stores Urban area to the west: 8 Grocery Stores (much larger area) Key: - Red = White - Blue = Black - Green = Asian - Orange = Hispanic - Gray = Other - Each dot = 25 people. Data from 2000 Census.

14. Negative Effects of Urban Sprawl Stressed Public Services –Schools –Hospitals –Police 86 mins 98 mins

15. Negative Effects of Urban Sprawl Increased Taxes –Local government must increase taxes to pay for increased demand on public services.

16. Negative Effects of Urban Sprawl Pollution Deforestation Destruction of animal habitats

17. Positives of Urban Sprawl Increased Demand –Construction –Real Estate –Cable Companies –Energy –Home Improvement

18. Positives of Urban Sprawl Affordability –Able to get “more for your money” in the suburbs

19. Solutions? How can we overcome the negative effects of urban sprawl?

20. Solutions 1.Sustainable Communities – cities developed to work with less pollution and reduce effects of urban sprawl.

21. Sustainable Communities: Land for growing crops Mass transportation Green Spaces Smart Growth –jobs and schools in the same neighborhoods Video link: Celebration, Florida

22. Sample Plan for Sustainable Community

23. Solutions 2. Urban Renewal – Improving downtown and former Industrial sites.

25. Solutions 3. Development Boundaries – passing laws that restrict growth.